RU2537718C1 - Concrete mixer of continuous action - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: concrete mixer of continuous action includes a drum made of sections assembled of two similar subsections made from an even number of at least four similar isosceles triangles alternatively connected along the perimeter of a subsection with four similar equilateral triangles so that small and large end openings are formed in the form of polygons. Two subsections are connected to a section with sides of large end openings. Sections are connected to each other throughout the length of the drum with their sides of small end openings with formation of a multiturn screw drum with mutually directed broken screw lines. Throughout the drum length there mounted is a cylindrical spring with a flat section of turns, which is equipped with a device for changing a pitch of turns by its tension or compression.

EFFECT: improvement of a device.

8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for the preparation of concrete mix.

Known concrete mixer (AS No. 1199622 class B28C 5/14, 1982), comprising a housing with loading, unloading openings and with a working mixing body, longitudinally located in it and equipped with a vibratory tray under the unloading hole.

A disadvantage of the known device is the limited technological capabilities, a large number of components and the complexity of manufacturing, which leads to a decrease in the reliability of the concrete mixer.

Closest to the proposed invention is a continuous mixer (a.s. No. 356142 class B28C 5/22), 1971), comprising a rotational drive drum, along the inner perimeter of which a screw is fixed and blades are installed between its turns.

A disadvantage of the known device is limited technological capabilities, insufficient productivity.

The technical solution to the problem is to expand technological capabilities, increase productivity.

The technical solution is achieved by the fact that in a continuous mixer containing a drum rotation drive, the drum is mounted from sections assembled from two identical subsections made of an even number of at least four identical isosceles triangles, alternately connected along the perimeter of the subsection with four identical equilateral triangles to form small and large end openings in the form of polygons, while in the section two subsections are connected to each other by the sides of the end large holes, and the sections are attached to each other along the length of the drum with their sides of small end holes to form a multi-helical drum with mutually directed broken helical lines and a coil spring with a flat section of coils is mounted along the entire length of the drum, which is equipped with a device for changing the pitch of the coils by stretching it or compression.

According to the patent literature not found a technical solution similar to the claimed, which allows to judge about the inventive step of the proposed design of a continuous mixer.

The novelty of the invention lies in the fact that such a structural design of the drum allows not only the expansion of technological capabilities, but the compression of concrete components as they move from loading to unloading and to increase the efficiency of concrete mixing.

The novelty is also seen in the fact that the area and shape of the cross and longitudinal sections of the drum vary along the entire length from loading to unloading, which changes the speed and trajectory of the movement of particles of concrete components, expands technological capabilities.

The novelty of the invention lies in the fact that such a structural design of the drum allows for consistent gradual compaction and rarefaction of particle flows of concrete components from loading to unloading, which intensifies the process of concrete mixing and extends the technological capabilities of the installation.

The novelty lies in the fact that due to the mutually directed broken helical lines, the vectors of particle velocity of the components of concrete and water during transportation from load to unload change, which contributes to the intensification of the concrete preparation process and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty also lies in the fact that along the inner perimeter of the drum, broken helical surfaces are formed along the length of the drum, which ensures a violation of the stationary flows of particles of concrete and water components inside the drum, increasing productivity, expanding technological capabilities.

The novelty is due to the fact that the drum is made with the formation on the inner perimeter of four or more broken right and left helical lines directed towards each other, which ensures the creation of directed flows of mortar and concrete components with maximum energy intensity of their collisions with each other and with the walls of the drum under different angles, increases the frequency of their interaction with each other and with the walls of the drum, increases productivity and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty of the invention lies in the fact that, since the frequency of movement of particles of the components of the mortar and concrete in the proposed design of the concrete mixer is determined not only by the frequency of rotation of the drum, but also by the number of flat elements along its perimeter, such a structural design of the surface of the drum by increasing the number of flat elements in of each section along the perimeter increases the frequency of collisions of particles of concrete components and mortars with each other and with the walls of the drum, increases productivity, increased Develops technological capabilities.

In addition, the novelty is due to the fact that the elements from which the drum is assembled are mounted at certain angles to each other, so the intensity of concrete preparation increases, since these elements, working like shelves, capture portions of concrete components and direct them towards each other, thus violating the stationarity of their movement, providing increased productivity and expansion of technological capabilities.

The novelty is seen in the fact that the area and shape of the cross section of the drum varies in each cross section along its entire length from loading to unloading, which intensifies the mixing process, increases the energy intensity of the interaction of particles of concrete components, and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty also lies in the fact that the cross-sectional passage of the drum has the shape of a polygon, the area of which varies many times in length from loading to unloading, providing periodic compression of the masses of concrete components, which increases the intensity of mixing and the energy intensity of collisions, expanding technological capabilities.

The novelty is also seen in the fact that the area and shape of the cross and longitudinal sections of the drum vary along the entire length from loading to unloading, which changes the speed and trajectory of the movement of particles of concrete components, expands technological capabilities.

The novelty also lies in the fact that along the perimeter of the drum helical surfaces are formed of flat elements of various shapes and sizes, which ensures a violation of the stationary flow of particles of concrete components inside the drum, expands technological capabilities and increases productivity.

The novelty of the proposal also lies in the fact that a coil spring with a rectangular coil section is mounted along the entire length of the drum, which provides not only the movement of particles of concrete components in the radial direction, but also contributes to the intensification of the concrete preparation process due to the fact that particles of concrete components circulating the movement inside the drum in planes perpendicular to its axis of symmetry, meeting with the coils of a rectangular shape of a cylindrical spring, change their trajectory of movement and move to the periphery of the bowl, increase the intensity of their interaction with each other and with the perforated drum wall, expanding technological capabilities.

The novelty also lies in the fact that a cylindrical spring mounted along the entire length of the drum with a rectangular coil section is equipped with a device for changing the pitch of the coils by stretching or compressing it, which allows you to influence the nature of the movement of particles of concrete components and change their speed of movement from loading to unloading, expands technological opportunity.

The novelty also lies in the fact that the direction of the coils of a coil spring with a rectangular section of coils coincides with the direction of rotation of the drum, which ensures the creation of flows of particles of concrete components from loading to unloading, increases productivity, expands technological capabilities.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where: in Fig.1 shows a concrete mixer, General view; figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1; figure 3 is a drum, front view; figure 4 is a section bB in figure 3; figure 5 is a view a in figure 4; in Fig.6 is a view of B in Fig.5; Fig.7 is one of the subsections, a visual image; on Fig is a diagram of the reset section of two subsections, a visual image.

The proposed concrete mixer (figure 1, figure 2) consists of a frame 1, made in the form of a welded frame. A drive of the main movement is fixed on the bed, consisting of an electric motor 2 and four roller bearings 3. The drum 4 is equipped with two rims 5, which are supported by the roller bearings 3. A means for loading 6 and unloading 7 is mounted on the bed 1. The concrete mixer is equipped with a pipeline 8 (Fig. 1) for supplying mixing water into the drum 4 to a distance L from the input of 4 dry bulk concrete components into the drum 4.

The drum 4 is mounted from sections 9 mounted from two identical subsections 10 and 11 (Fig. 3, Fig. 5, Fig. 8).

Subsections are made (for example, subsection 10) from an even number of at least four identical isosceles triangles, for example, in Fig. 7 four isosceles triangles 12, alternately connected along the perimeter of the subsection with four identical equilateral triangles, for example (Fig. 7) with four identical equilateral triangles 13 with the formation of a small end hole in the form of a polyhedron 14 and a large end hole in the form of a polygon 15. In section 9, the same subsections 10 and 11 are connected to each other (Fig. 8) with torons of large end holes 15.

The same sections 9 are then connected to each other along the length of the drum 4 by their sides of the small end holes 14 to form a multi-helical screw drum 4 with mutually directed broken helical lines.

For example, in FIG. 3, one of the right broken helical lines is shown in FIG. 3 with a thickened line 16-17-18-19-20-21-22-23 and one of the left broken helical lines is shown with a thickened line 24-25-26- 27-28-29-30-31. In the drawing, the positions of the invisible points of broken lines are shown in brackets, for example, 28-29-30, 21-22-23.

Broken helical lines form around the perimeter of the drum 4 broken helical surfaces, consisting of faces in the form of equilateral 13 and isosceles triangles 12.

Helix lines on the outer surface of the drum 4 have the same position designations with their corresponding grooves on the inner surface.

Since the subsections 10 and 11 have small end openings 14 and large end openings 15, sections 9 have variable longitudinal and variable flow sections along the length of the drum 4.

The continuous mixer is equipped with a device for regulating the slope of the concrete mixer (not shown in the drawing). The change in the angle of inclination is carried out in order to control the speed of movement of particles of concrete components from loading to unloading.

To provide additional longitudinal movement of particles of bulk materials inside the drum 4 and the intensification of the concrete mixing process, a spring 32 of a cylindrical shape with a flat section of coils is mounted, Spring 32 is equipped with a device for changing the pitch of the coil of the spring by stretching or compression (not shown in the drawings). The adjustment of the pitch of the turns of the spring 32 can be made in the process of preparing concrete.

The proposed continuous mixer operates as follows.

In the drum 4 through the means for loading 6 continuously loaded components (cement and inert materials) of the concrete mixture. When the drum 4 rotates, particles of cement and inert materials are captured by the grooves of the internal screw surface and the faces of the internal screw surface in the direction of rotation rise up. Upon reaching a certain height under the influence of gravitational forces and the angle of repose formed, particles of cement and inert materials move towards each other at certain angles and to the opposite walls of the rotating drum 4 and move towards the discharge side. Since the flat elements of the inner surface of the drum 4 are located at an angle to each other, each portion of the particles of concrete components moves along its direction vector towards the discharge side, which greatly intensifies the process of interaction of the particles of concrete components with each other and with the walls of the drum 4, increases the intensity concrete preparation and expanding technological capabilities. As a result of this design of the drum 4, the range of changes in the resulting displacement vectors of the particles of the concrete components is significantly expanded, and therefore each particle of the concrete components moves in different direction vectors, which provides a greater chance of collisions at the initial moment of separation from the walls of the drum 4, where they have a certain kinetic energy reserve and move with great kinetic energy, therefore, intensification of the concrete preparation process is provided. At the same time, due to the triangular-shaped grooves in the form of pockets, cement particles and inert materials rise significantly higher than in cylindrical drums. Since the surface of the drum is continuous, the process of movement of subsequent portions of cement and inert materials, which rise up and move down at different angles, is continuous. Since the pockets of the triangular shape of the drum 4 are located along the broken helical lines of the inner surface of the drum 4, in each portion the particles of cement and inert materials move along their direction vector towards the discharge side, which greatly intensifies the process of mixing and grinding of cement particles and inert materials of the material with the other and with the walls of the drum 4, the intensity of mixing cement particles and inert materials increases and technological capabilities expand. Since the range of changes in the resulting displacement vectors of cement particles and inert materials is significantly expanded, each particle moves in different direction vectors, which provides a greater chance of collisions at the initial moment of separation of these particles from the walls of drum 4, where they have a certain supply of kinetic energy and move with high kinetic energy, which is why intensification of the concrete preparation process is provided. In this case, the activation of dry bulk materials of the mixture components occurs and not only intensive mixing of cement and inert components is ensured, but also the grinding of inert components into smaller fractions is ensured.

In such a dry state, the components of the concrete mixture move along the longitudinal axis of the drum 4 at a distance L (FIG. 1), where mixing water is supplied to the finished dry mixture of concrete components and the mixing process begins. With further movement along the axis of the drum 4, the process of concrete mixing. With further movement along the axis of the drum 4, the finished mixture is unloaded into the means for unloading 7.

The presence in the design of the drum 4 pockets of a triangular shape on the inner surface intensifies the process of concrete mixing, increases the reliability of the concrete mixer and expands technological capabilities.

The speed of the flow of concrete components is regulated by the slope of the concrete mixer, as well as the pitch of the coil spring 32.

Since, due to the broken shape of the inner surface of the drum 4, the range of changes in the resulting displacement vectors of the particles of concrete components is significantly expanded, each particle and water move in different direction vectors, which provides a greater chance of collisions at the initial moment of their separation from the walls of the drum 4, where they possess a certain supply of kinetic energy and move with high kinetic energy, which is why an increase in the productivity of concrete preparation is provided.

Technical and economic advantages arise due to the expansion of the range of changes in the resulting displacement vectors of cement particles, inert materials and mixing water, the increase in the intensity of their mixing and reorientation, as well as the speed of their movement from loading to unloading, which increases the intensity of mixing, increases the energy consumption of the interaction of cement particles, inert materials and water with each other and with the walls of the drum 5, expands the technological capabilities, increases the reliability of the concrete mixer and its about performance.

Claims (1)

A continuous mixer comprising a rotary drive, characterized in that the drum is assembled from sections assembled from two identical subsections made of an even number of at least four identical isosceles triangles, alternately connected along the perimeter of the subsection with four identical equilateral triangles to form a small and large end openings in the form of polygons, while in the section two subsections are connected to each other by the sides of the end large openings, and sections are joined to each other along the length of the drum by their sides of small end holes with the formation of a multi-helical drum with mutually directed broken helical lines and a coil spring with a flat section of coils is mounted along the entire length of the drum, which is equipped with a device for changing the pitch of the coils by stretching or compressing it.

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