RU2535162C1 - Forest machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: machine includes carrier vehicle with two-section frame. On the first section of frame following equipment is placed: frontal crushing device connected by pipeline for chipped wood transportation with container located on the third section frame; boom with system of hydraulic cylinders at the end of which boom felling mechanism in the form of crush-saw blade is installed which mechanism is provided with chipped wood receiver with fan connected by additional pipe to pipeline for chipped wood transportation to container; and operator's cabin on guides with possibility of longitudinal and transversal displacement in horizontal plane. On the middle section of frame, power plant and disk-crushing equipment connected with container by pipeline are located. On the third section of frame, additional manipulator with double-jawed scoop grip and accumulating container are installed. Each frame section is provided with three wheel pairs - middle supporting one and outer rotating ones equipped with telescopic brackets with hydraulic drives.

EFFECT: machine operation on terrain with rugged topography is provided.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the field of forestry and will find application in the care of forests growing on developed peatlands, in the formation of forest shelterbelts, as well as in the reconstruction of drainage channels.

The essence of the problem is that in order to prevent fires on developed peatlands, it is necessary to restore the drainage canal system in order to use it to maintain the required groundwater level. When cleaning the canals, it is required to remove wood and shrub vegetation from the berm and from the channel of the canal. The increased fire hazard of the developed peatlands requires the removal of all felled tree-shrub vegetation beyond their limits.

A known construction of a forest machine, consisting of a two-section frame. The power plant and operator’s cabin are located on the first section, and the technological equipment on the second, including a boom with a hydraulic cylinder system and a gripping and cutting device mounted on the boom end (St. RF for utility model No. 31910, IPC A01G 23/08, Bull No. 25, 2003).

The disadvantage of this machine is the need, after its operation, to export logs and cut branches.

A known design of a machine for thinning forests, consisting of a three-section frame, each of the sections is equipped with two pairs of wheels. The first section contains technological equipment, including an arrow with a hydraulic cylinder system, at the end of which a feller mechanism is mounted, and a chipper located in the front of this section, connected by a pipeline for transporting wood chips to a container located on the third section of the frame, and on the middle section of the frame an operator’s cabin and a power plant were installed (RF patent No. 2121264, IPC A01G 23/02, Bull. No. 31, 1998). Using this machine allows on-site felling of woody vegetation, turning it into wood chips, filling wood chips into a container for subsequent removal. This machine is adopted as a prototype.

The disadvantage of this machine is the need for free space for laying down sawn trees on the surface of the earth for subsequent processing into wood chips, otherwise there is a risk of damage to young shoots of valuable trees, while after sawing down trees there are stumps on which a shoot forms, quickly overtaking young valuable plants rocks, oppressing them and negating the very purpose of the machine. In addition, this machine can only work on a flat terrain.

To remedy these drawbacks, the proposed forest machine allows, including a base chassis with a three-section frame and two wheel pairs on each section, a front chipper located on the first section of the frame, connected by a pipeline for transporting wood chips with a container placed on the third section of the frame, an arrow with a system of hydraulic cylinders, at the end of which a feller mechanism is mounted, a power plant on the second section of the frame and an operator’s cabin, according to the invention, the feller m the khanism is made in the form of a chipping saw blade and is equipped with a wood chip receiver with a fan connected by an additional pipe to the pipeline for transporting wood chips to the container, disk-cutting equipment is also installed in the middle section of the frame, also connected by a pipe to the container, an additional manipulator with a double jaw bucket is mounted on the third section of the frame capture, the operator's cab is located on the first section of the frame on the rails with the possibility of longitudinal and transverse movement in a horizontal plane, and each section of the frame is equipped with an additional middle supporting wheel pair, while the extreme wheel pairs of each section are equipped with rotary telescopic brackets with hydraulic drives.

In addition, for greater cross-country ability and stability on peat bogs, wheel pairs can be doubled, i.e. consisting of four wheels, and swivel wheelsets can be equipped with quick-mount rubber-metal tracks.

A new technical result from the application of the present invention consists in the fact that the execution of the felling mechanism of the forest machine in the form of a chipping saw blade with an additional pipe and fan, as well as the supply of chipping equipment connected by a conveyor pipe to the container, and an additional manipulator with a double jaw bucket allows you to remove thinning trees without prefelling by successive cutting into small sections, including chopping the stump. At the same time, the chipping equipment of the middle section allows you to cut pieces of wood into wood chips and feed it into the container. Installing the cab on the front section on the rails creates the necessary overview for the job. Providing the sections of the frame with additional wheels and rotary telescopic brackets with hydraulic actuators ensures good maneuverability of the machine on peat bogs and allows you to set the frame in a working horizontal position on the slopes.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a diagram of a forest machine when placing the equipment in the working position, side view; figure 2 is a diagram of a forest machine in a transport position, front view; figure 3 is a diagram of the first section of the forest machine, side view.

The proposed forest machine includes a basic wheeled chassis with a three-section frame (1, 2, 3 in figure 1). Each section has three wheelsets - middle 4 support and extreme 5 and 6 rotary using telescopic brackets 24 with hydraulic cylinders 25 (figure 2). For greater cross-country ability and stability on peat soils, wheel pairs can consist of four wheels and can be equipped with quick-mounted rubber-metal tracks (not shown in the drawings).

Sections 1 and 3 of the frame are equipped with manipulators 8 and 9. On the 1st section on boom 7 there is a frontal chipper in the form of a rotary jaw bucket 10 with a chopper 11 of grass and a small shrub connected through a slotted ejector 26 (Fig. 3) with a pneumatic duct 12 leading to the storage container 13, placed on section 3.

To the manipulator 8 of section 1 (Fig. 3) a feller mechanism is attached in the form of a chipping saw blade 14 (for example, according to http://naT.RU RU No. 2480982) equipped with a pneumatic shroud 15 - a chip and chip receiver with a fan and an additional pipe 16 to the pipeline 12 for delivery to the container 13. The chipping saw blade 14 is equipped with a mechanism 17 of oscillatory movement and reverse for working rotation in the opposite direction.

To the manipulator 9 of section 3 is attached a double jaw bucket grab 18.

On the middle section 2 of the frame there is a diesel engine 19, a disk-cutting equipment 21 with an ejector 20 and a chip line.

The operator’s cabin 22 for greater visibility is placed on section 1 with the possibility of longitudinal and transverse movement in a horizontal plane on the rails 23 (figure 3).

The proposed forest machine operates as follows.

As an example, consider laying fire-fighting forest clearing and cleaning the canal on developed peatlands.

The machine is delivered to the object, the sections 1, 2, 3 of the frame are connected (Fig. 1), the cab 22 (Fig. 3) is installed on the frame 1 on the rails 23. Wheel sets 4, 5 and 6 are mounted on each frame section, if necessary paired and equipped with quick-mounted rubber-metal tracks. The extreme wheelsets 5 and 6, equipped with rotary telescopic arms 24 (FIGS. 2, 3) with hydraulic actuators 25, are installed in the transport position (FIGS. 1, 3) with an increased clearance H _about and the arrangement of the frame sections in a horizontal position. Wheel pair 4 - supporting, serves for stability of the machine in work on loose peat soils.

When laying fire slats at the beginning of the processed strip, all sections of the frame are rotated by telescopic arms 24 from the transport position to the working position with a clearance, that is, with a decrease in the center of gravity. This increases the stability and patency of the forest machine on the slopes and developed peatlands. The arrow 7 and the multi-section arrows of the manipulators 8 and 9 with the working bodies are also transferred to the working position. When the machine is moving, the cutting and grinding of grass and small shrubs begins with a frontal jaw bucket 10 with a chopper 11. The crushed grass-wood chip mass is fed through a slotted ejector 26 and a pneumatic duct 12 to a storage container 13 with periodic discharge to vehicles or to a temporary storage ground.

The manipulator 8 moves the chipping saw blade 14 (Fig. 3) to single medium and large bushes, trees, stumps on the lighthouse and adjacent adjacent strips, and the handle of the manipulator 8 adjusts the plane tilt of the saw-chopping disk and sets it at the height of cutting vertices, trimming branches, cutting trunks into segments, cutting stumps on wood chips and feed into the wood a rotating disk with a reversible hydraulic motor 17 (Fig. 3), and felled wood chips, shavings and sawdust through the receiving window of the air jacket 15 (Fig. 3) and additional pipe 16 through the air line 12 hearth is inserted into the cavity of the container 13. The manipulator 9 (Fig. 1) sets the handle over the tree segments lying on the strip, cut tops, branches of bushes and trees and collects and moves them with a double-jaw bucket grab 18 into the disabling equipment 21 (Fig. 1) with feeding fine chips through the ejector 20 through the pneumatic duct 12 into the cavity of the container 13. After cleaning the fire strip with the front jaw bucket 10, fill the pit with soil and level the surface of the strip.

In the same way carry out cleaning of the bottom and slopes of the channel. In this case, using the brackets 24, which are equipped with rotary wheel pairs 5 and 6 of sections 1, 2, 3 of the machine frame when working on the slopes of the channel, a horizontal position is provided.

After completion of work, the pneumatic pipelines are purged, containers and container 13 are cleaned of technological material, the machine is moved to a new facility or a temporary storage and technical maintenance parking lot.

Thus, the forest machine of the proposed design is able to work on the terrain of difficult terrain and carry out thinning of the forest, arranging fire forest glades, cleaning the bottom and slopes of the canals, chopping stumps and roots of the bush, cutting large vegetation without felling, and removing all tree-shrub vegetation from processed strips and channels beyond the limits of developed peat bogs.

Claims (3)

1. Forestry machine, including a base chassis with a three-section frame and two wheel pairs on each section, a front chipper located on the first section of the frame, connected by a pipeline for transporting wood chips to a container located on the third section of the frame, an arrow with a hydraulic cylinder system, at the end of which mounted feller mechanism, power plant on the second section of the frame and the operator's cab, characterized in that the feller mechanism is made in the form of a chipping saw blade and equipped with a receiver m of chips with a fan connected by an additional pipe to the pipeline for transporting chips to the container, disk-cutting equipment is also installed in the middle section of the frame, also connected by a pipe to the container, an additional manipulator with a double jaw bucket is mounted on the third section of the frame, and the operator's cab is located on the first section of the frame on guides with the possibility of longitudinal and transverse movement in a horizontal plane, with each section provided with an additional middle support track a pair, while the extreme wheel pairs of each section are equipped with rotary telescopic brackets with hydraulic drives. 2. Forest machine according to claim 1, characterized in that for greater cross-country ability and stability on peat bogs, the wheel pairs are made double, i.e. consisting of four wheels. 3. Forestry machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the rotary wheel pairs are equipped with quick-mounted rubber-metal tracks.

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