RU2518475C2 - Liquid soap "universal" - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to washing detergents, is suitable for washing hands and body, as well as for manual washing up. Described is liquid soap, created on natural fat base with application of highly effective surface-active substances of sodium and potassium soaps of fatty acids, obtained by method of saponification of animal fats, namely chicken fat.

EFFECT: good washing ability, storage stability.

2 cl, 3 tbl

Description

The invention relates to detergents, suitable for washing hands and body, as well as for washing dishes manually.

It is known liquid soap, which is a water-alcohol solution of potassium salts of fatty acids with the addition of perfumes and water (Guide to the technology for obtaining and processing vegetable oils and fats, vol. IV, L., 1975). The disadvantage of this soap is the feeling of dry skin when using it.

Known liquid hygienic soap (application No. 94024331/13, 06/29/1994, publication date: 08/20/1996). The composition of the soap includes potassium salts of a mixture of vegetable oils (in terms of fatty acids), alcohol, senna lipid complex or kelp extract, or kelp concentrate, saponified or copper derivatives of chlorophyll, perfume, water. The disadvantage of this liquid soap is the high content of unsaturated fatty acids, which are capable of rapid oxidation, and therefore there is a need to introduce an increased alcohol content in the formulation, which can dry the skin. This leads to the presence of more dermatologically harsh properties of the finished product, which leaves unpleasant sensations on the skin after application.

It is known liquid soap “Spak” (application No. 95106772/13, 04/28/1995, publ. Date: 07/20/1996), including alkaline salts of fatty raw materials and useful additives: bile bile, turpentine and water, using potash as alkaline salts of fatty raw materials salts of animal fats, additionally contains ethyl alcohol, fragrance, dye, waxes, glycerin, carboxymethyl cellulose. The disadvantage of this soap is that the used animal fats are of low quality, as they are secondary products of food processing. However, they have an unpleasant odor, which requires the introduction of more perfumes. Potassium salts of animal fats are high molecular weight compounds, have high activity on the surface, and it is highly degreased. They can greatly dry the skin and leave discomfort after use.

The closest technical solution - the prototype is a liquid soap "Tar" (Guide to the technology for the production and processing of vegetable oils and fats, t. IV, L., 1975). In its composition, the soap contains coconut oil and vegetable oil, potassium hydroxide, potash, birch tar, ethyl alcohol and water in the following ratio, wt.%: Coconut oil in terms of fatty acids - 5.0, vegetable oil in in terms of fatty acids - 15.0, potassium hydroxide in terms of 100% - 0.6, tar birch bark - 1.0, ethyl alcohol rectified 96% - 15.0, water - the rest. The main disadvantage of this soap is the content of fatty acids only of plant origin. Therefore, soaps are unstable during storage, can quickly oxidize. During the production of detergent, soap solutions can produce a cloudy solution. Detergent has a narrow application range, low fat-removing effect, insufficiently expressed washing ability, low efficiency in cold water.

The objective of the invention is the creation of a universal liquid soap with a wide range of applications and with increased detergent and grease-removing effects in unheated and slightly heated water, the use of natural raw materials in the manufacture of detergents, the preparation of a product with softer dermatological characteristics and more stable properties during storage.

The technical result is a good washing ability, the harmlessness of the finished product, the lack of a feeling of dryness and tightness of the skin after use, great stability during storage.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the liquid soap "Universal", consisting of sodium or potassium salts of C ₁₆ -C ₁₈ fatty acids, ethyl alcohol, sodium chloride, essential oil and water in the following ratio, wt.%:

- sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids C ₁₆ -C ₁₈ - 18.0-21.0;

- ethyl alcohol - 2.0-5.0;

- sodium chloride - 0.5-1.0;

- essential oil - 0.05-0.3;

- drinking water - up to 100%.

The advantage of the developed Universal soap is the use of sodium and potassium soaps of fatty acids in highly effective surface-active substances (SAS) obtained by saponification of animal fats, namely chicken fat.

Chicken fat has a balanced content of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, and therefore, the soap itself undergoes less oxidation, which reduces the alcohol content in the detergent formulation. Unlike vegetable fats, the fatty acid composition of chicken fat approaches the composition of human subcutaneous fat. Liquid soap Na- or K-salt of chicken fatty acids has a more transparent and thicker consistency. In detergent formulations, it gives a more attractive presentation. During storage, it is less exposed to rancidity and maintains a stable consistency.

Ethyl alcohol is a clear, colorless liquid with a pungent odor and a burning taste. In the manufacture of cosmetics used as a solvent, as a preservative. It has a disinfectant, antipruritic, degreasing effect, gives transparency to soap, reduces the freezing temperature of the product.

Sodium chloride (table salt) is a white crystalline powder. In the production of cosmetic and hygienic detergents, it acts as a thickener.

Essential oil is a natural component obtained from an essential oil plant by steam distillation. It has a pleasant smell of the corresponding plant, has a bactericidal, antimicrobial effect, in addition, it can act as a biologically active component in a cosmetic product.

Preparation of liquid detergent is carried out according to the following sequence of technological operations.

Initially, water is supplied to the reactor. The heating is turned on and when the mixer is switched on at a water temperature of 60-70 ° C, the calculated amount of soap is loaded. Mixing continues until the surfactant is completely dissolved. Mixing time 30-40 minutes After complete dissolution of the surfactant, the heating is stopped, the steam supply to the jacket is shut off, and the cold water supply is turned on to cool the solution. Cooling is carried out with stirring to a temperature of 30-40 ° C. After cooling, the rest of the components are introduced into the detergent and, last but not least, perfumed. Stirring is continued for 10-20 minutes. Next, a sample of detergent is taken for compliance with the quality requirements of existing specifications. When the quality is consistent, the detergent is pumped through the filter to the container for standing and then to the packaging.

To confirm the declared properties, samples of the Universal soap and the prototype - Tar soap were prepared.

Table 1 The range of values of the components included in the formulation of the inventive universal soap Component Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Liquid soap Na- or K-salt of fatty acids C ₁₆ -C ₁₈ 18.0 19.5 21.0 Ethanol, % 2.0 3,5 5,0 Sodium chloride, % 0.5 0.75 1,0 Essential oil,% 0.05 0.17 0.3 Drinking water,% 100.0 100.0 100.0

table 2 The design of the prototype of liquid soap "Tar" Component Mass fraction,% Coconut oil in terms of fatty acids,% 5,0 Liquid vegetable oil in terms of fatty acids,% 15.0 Potassium hydroxide in terms of 100% -%,% 15.0 Tar birch bark alcohol ethyl rectified 96%,% 1,0 Alcohol ethyl rectified 96%,% 15.0 Drinking water,% 100.0

To assess the basic properties of the obtained samples, the following factors were selected: washing ability, sensations after use (dryness and tightness), storage stability.

Assessment of these properties was carried out on a five-point scale.

Washing ability:

1 is very weak;

2 weak;

3 average;

4 is good;

5 is very good;

Sensation on the skin after application (dryness and tightness):

1 strong feeling of dryness and tightness;

2 feeling of dryness and tightness;

3 weak sensation of dryness;

4 lack of dryness and tightness;

5 lack of dryness and tightness, a sense of comfort.

Storage stability:

1 turbidity and precipitation;

2 slight turbidity and precipitation;

3 slight turbidity and lack of sediment;

4 lack of turbidity and sediment;

5 transparency of the solution without turbidity and sediment. The prepared samples obtained on the basis of the recipes from tables 1 and 2 were subjected to an assessment of the basic functional properties. The test results are shown in table 3.

Table 3 Properties of samples of liquid soap "Universal" and "Tar" Basic properties Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Liquid soap "Tar" Washing ability four 5 5 four Skin sensation after application 5 5 four four Storage stability 5 5 four four

The table shows that the claimed liquid soap "Universal" confirms the improved properties: washing ability - 4.7 points, in the prototype this figure is 4.0 points; sensation on the skin after application - 4.7 points, the prototype - 4.0; storage stability - 4.7 points, the prototype - 4.0. According to the tables, example 2 is the optimal formulation of the inventive universal soap.

Claims (2)

1. Universal soap, consisting of sodium or potassium salts of C ₁₆ -C ₁₈ fatty acids, rectified ethyl alcohol, characterized in that it additionally contains sodium chloride and essential oil, surfactants of sodium and potassium soaps of fatty acids obtained by saponification of chicken fat, in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
- sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids C ₁₆ -C ₁₈ - 18.0-21.0;
- ethyl alcohol - 2.0-5.0;
- sodium chloride - 0.5-1.0;
- essential oil - 0.05-0.3;
- drinking water - the rest. 2. The liquid soap according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains citrus essential oil as a perfume.