RU2516665C1 - Device for cleaning and disinfection of milk products - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ecology.

SUBSTANCE: device comprises a housing with pipes of input, output of milk products, ultrasound transducer situated inside the housing, inside the housing parallel to each other at least two transverse partitions are mounted which are made in the form of rectangular plates with at least four slits, the transverse partitions are rigidly fixed along the inner perimeter of the housing at four sides and divide the housing into an upper, middle and lower chambers; also in the housing at least two packets of rectangular plates are located with slit-shaped gaps between the plates for passage of milk products, the packets of plates are rigidly fixed with the lateral sides to the housing at an angle to the transverse partitions, at that the slit-shaped gaps of the packets of plates are connected with the corresponding slits of the transverse partitions, in the upper transverse partition the slit-shaped gaps are made symmetrically to the axis, and in the lower partition - with an offset; the pipe of input of milk products is located in the end part of the lower housing chamber, the middle chamber is equipped with a pipe of output of oils and fats, and the lower - the pipe of output of particulates; the ultrasound transducer is placed in the upper chamber above the slits of the upper partition with a gap which value is equal to an integral number of half wavelengths of ultrasound.

EFFECT: increased degree of cleaning and disinfection of milk products.

2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The device relates to the ecology and protection of human health, can be used in sanitary-epidemiological equipment and in everyday life for the purification of milk, koumiss, juices, drinks from mechanical impurities, oils, fats, as well as viruses, bacteria, microbes, protozoa.

A device for water treatment containing a working chamber with inlet and outlet pipes, flat ultrasonic transducers are fixed on the side faces of the chamber (RU 2356845 C1, IPC C02F 1/36, published on 05.27.2009).

A device for processing liquid media containing a reactor with a cylindrical body, an ultrasonic unit, the emitter of which is located in the reactor, as well as inlet and outlet pipes for supplying and outputting the processed liquid (RU233528 C1, IPC B01F 11/02, published on 08/10/2009, .).

The disadvantage of the above analogues is the inability to clean the processed fluid from solid mechanical impurities, as well as the excessive content of oils and fats.

The closest analogue in the set of essential features to the claimed invention adopted as a prototype is a device for ultrasonic treatment of a liquid, comprising a housing, an ultrasound transducer located in the lower part of the housing, a pipe for supplying contaminated liquid and removal of treated liquid (RU 6787, C02F 1 / 24, 1/36, published on June 16, 1998).

The disadvantage of this device is the insufficient degree of purification due to the lack of the ability to purify the processed fluid from solid solids, as well as the excessive content of oils and fats.

The problem to which the invention is directed, is to increase the degree of cleaning and disinfection of dairy products through the implementation of the process of cleaning it from solid mechanical impurities, as well as the excessive content of oils and fats that do not meet the requirements of dietary and therapeutic nutrition.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the device for cleaning and disinfecting dairy products contains a housing with inlets for input and output of dairy products, an ultrasound transducer located inside the housing, but unlike the prototype, at least two parallel to each other are installed inside the housing to increase the degree of cleaning transverse partitions, which are made in the form of rectangular plates with four at least slots, transverse partitions are rigidly fixed along the inner perimeter of the housing with four oron and divide the body into the upper, lower and middle chambers; at least two packages of rectangular plates with slit-like gaps between the plates for passing dairy products are also located in the case, the package of plates are rigidly attached laterally to the case at an angle to the transverse partitions, and the slot-like gaps of the package of plates are connected to the corresponding cuts of the transverse partitions, in the upper transverse partition slit-like slots are made symmetrically to the axis, and in the lower partition with displacement; the input pipe for dairy products is located in the end part of the lower chamber of the body, the middle chamber is equipped with a pipe for the output of oils and fats, and the lower one has a pipe for removing solid particles; the ultrasound emitter is placed in the upper chamber above the slots of the upper partition with a gap, the value of which is equal to an integer number of half waves of ultrasound.

In addition, in the device for the disinfection of dairy products, packages of rectangular plates are inclined in opposite directions at an angle of 45 degrees to the plane of the transverse partitions.

In the proposed filter, the cleaning of dairy products and their disinfection occurs in two stages. At the first stage, milk products are cleaned using a package of rectangular plates with slit-like gaps, first from solid mechanical impurities in the lower chamber of the body, then from excessive oil and fat content in the middle chamber of the body.

Solid mechanical impurities formed during the contact of dairy products with the surface of the container in which it is stored or transported when it enters the lower chamber of the device through the inlet pipe are deposited on the slit-like gaps of the plate packs of the lower chamber of the unit. Since the specific gravity of solid mechanical impurities is greater than the specific gravity of other components of dairy products, when they come into contact and pass through a package of plates, the particles coagulate, they become larger and they fall into the lower part of the body.

Drops of oils and fats have a specific gravity less than the specific gravity of other components of dairy products (cow's milk, koumiss). Upon contact with the slit-like gaps of the plate packs, the fat droplets are separated from the general milk product mixture and “stick” to the surface of the plates. As they accumulate, they coarsen and rise up along the surface of the plate packs. With the enlargement of drops, the rate of their rise to the surface of the processed dairy products increases. To increase the rate of rise of droplets, the plates are inclined at an angle of 45 degrees to the plane of the transverse partitions located horizontally.

Dairy products - cow's milk, koumiss, etc., differ in composition and physico-chemical properties: in proteins, lipids, fat content, acidity, etc.

Dairy products of a certain composition (milk) are effectively cleaned in the second package of inclined plates located in the lower chamber and having an inclination, for example, to the left of the longitudinal axis. At the same time, dairy products of a different composition (koumiss) are effectively cleaned in the first package of inclined plates located in the middle chamber and having an inclination, for example, to the right of the longitudinal axis. In general, the opposite inclination of the plate pack in the device case allows the cleaning of dairy products, which are significantly different from each other in composition and physico-chemical properties.

The arrangement of packages of rectangular plates with slit-like gaps with an inclination in opposite directions allows to increase the efficiency of cleaning dairy products of various compositions.

If the inclination of the plates to the vertical plane is less than the angle of 45 degrees, then the rate of rise of droplets of oils, fats and lowering of solid particles slows down. If the inclination of the plates to the vertical plane is greater than the angle of 45 degrees, then the rate of rise of droplets of oils, fats and lowering of solid particles slows down.

At the second stage, the dairy products are disinfected from viruses, bacteria, microbes, protozoa by processing it with ultrasonic waves.

In the device, disinfection occurs in the gap between the emitter and the upper transverse partition of the housing. The distance between them is equal to an integer number of half-waves. With such parameters of the gap, standing waves are formed, which are characterized in that their amplitude is equal to the sum of the amplitudes of the ultrasonic emitter and its reflected wave from the surface of the upper transverse partition of the filter housing. Due to this, the maximum possible effect of ultrasound on processed dairy products is achieved. When ultrasonic vibrations in the form of standing waves are excited in the processed product, a complex physical phenomenon arises - acoustic cavitation. Cavitation consists in the formation of a number of small discontinuities or cavities in the processed product, which close when the liquid is compressed with the formation of high pressure. Under the influence of pressure on viruses, bacteria, microbes, protozoa found in dairy products, the latter are torn apart and their vital functions cease.

A new set of essential features of the proposed technical solution is not known and does not follow explicitly from the patent and scientific literature. Thus, we can talk about compliance with its criteria of "novelty" and "inventive step".

Figure 1 shows a schematic sectional view of the device, figure 2 is a complex section aa.

A device for cleaning and disinfecting dairy products contains: a housing 1 with an input pipe 2 and an output pipe 3 for dairy products, an ultrasound emitter 4 located inside the housing, an ultrasound generator 5, a hub 6, an upper transverse partition 7, rigidly fixed along the inner perimeter of the housing and equipped with slots 8 located symmetrically to the axis, 9 - the first package of rectangular plates, 10 - the lower partition, 11 - the second package of rectangular plates, 12 - the upper chamber, 13 - the middle chamber, 14 - the lower chamber, 15 - p O tubes fats and oils 16 - nozzle output particles.

The device operates as follows.

Through the inlet 2, located on the end of the housing 1, dairy products containing drops of oils, fats, and solid solids are sent to the slit-like gaps of the second package of rectangular plates 11, which are located in the lower chamber 14.

As 11 drops of oils and fats accumulate on the plates, they coarsen and rise up along the surface of the slit-like gaps of the packages of inclined plates (Fig. 1, view B), enter the middle chamber 13 and are removed from the filter housing through the outlet pipe for fats and oils 15. Solid mechanical impurities are deposited on the plates 11, slip into the lower chamber and are discharged through the outlet pipe of solid particles 16.

After this, partially cleaned dairy products are sent to the first package of rectangular plates 9 located in the middle chamber 13. In the middle chamber, similar processes take place to clean the dairy products from drops of oils and fats, as well as from solid mechanical impurities.

During operation of the generator 5, ultrasonic waves are generated, which, through the hub 6, are transmitted to the emitter 4.

Since the gap is equal to an integer number of half waves, the ultrasonic waves, reflected from the upper transverse partition 7, form reflected waves, which, after summing with the primary wave, form standing waves. The amplitude of the standing wave is equal to the sum of the amplitudes of the ultrasonic emitter and its reflected wave, cavitation occurs in the gap, ruptures of the formed air bubbles, a significant increase in pressure inside the liquid. The latter acts on viruses, bacteria, microbes, protozoa found in dairy products, tear them apart, stopping their vital functions. The decontaminated and purified milk products are discharged from the upper chamber 12 through the pipe 3.

When using a filter, the degree of cleaning and disinfection of dairy products is 96-98%.

Claims (2)

1. A device for cleaning and disinfecting dairy products, comprising a housing with inlets for input, output of milk products, an ultrasound transducer located inside the housing, characterized in that at least two transverse partitions are installed parallel to each other inside the housing to increase the degree of cleaning; in the form of rectangular plates with four at least slots, the transverse partitions are rigidly fixed along the inner perimeter of the housing from four sides and divide the housing into upper, lower and middle camera; at least two packages of rectangular plates with slit-like gaps between the plates for passing dairy products are also located in the case, the package of plates are rigidly attached laterally to the case at an angle to the transverse partitions, and the slot-like gaps of the package of plates are connected to the corresponding cuts of the transverse partitions, in the upper transverse partition slit-like slots are made symmetrically to the axis, and in the lower partition with displacement; the input pipe for dairy products is located in the end part of the lower chamber of the body, the middle chamber is equipped with a pipe for the output of oils and fats, and the lower one has a pipe for removing solid particles; the ultrasound emitter is placed in the upper chamber above the slots of the upper partition with a gap, the value of which is equal to an integer number of half waves of ultrasound. 2. A device for cleaning and disinfecting dairy products according to claim 1, characterized in that the packages of rectangular plates are inclined in opposite directions at an angle of 45 degrees to the plane of the transverse partitions.

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