RU2500962C2 - Ferroaluminium smelting device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: device includes an electric inductor and a melting pot with a cover and an alloy tapping channel, which is arranged inside it; besides, the device is equipped with a large-mesh net from heat-resistant material, which divides the melting pot into space under the net for arrangement of aluminium scrap and space above the net for arrangement of steel scrap, and an alloy receiver with a discharge chute for obtained alloy. The alloy tapping channel is cone-shaped at the melting pot bottom, and the electric inductor has a working seat in the cavity for the melting pot placement; with that, the melting pot is equipped with side limit stops and a cone-shaped plug closing the alloy tapping channel and being a lower limit stop; the alloy receiver with the discharge chute of the obtained alloy is arranged below the above plug at lower level of the working seat for melting pot placement. The cover is equipped with a catching hook and a sampling hole.

EFFECT: reduction of aluminium waste.

3 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of metallurgy, in particular to devices for producing a ferroaluminium alloy with reduced aluminum fumes.

A known method of smelting ferroaluminium with a reduced consumption of aluminum, in the first method, according to which the process of smelting ferroaluminium is carried out in two induction furnaces by separately melting steel and aluminum scrap at a temperature exceeding the melting point of a particular scrap by 50-70 ° C, aluminum melt is released with liquid protective slag in an induction furnace containing a molten steel, heating the melts for 5-10 minutes until complete mixing. In the second embodiment, the process of smelting ferroaluminium is carried out in two induction furnaces by separately melting aluminum scrap and steel scrap, added in portions in an amount determined by the charge of the smelting to the "swamp" remaining from the previous smelting of ferroaluminium, the aluminum melt with a liquid-movable protective slag is released into the induction furnace containing a melt of ferroaluminium with a low aluminum content, and its heating for 5-10 minutes until completely mixed [1]

The disadvantage of this method is that its implementation requires the use of two induction furnaces, which is energy-intensive and time-consuming.

A device from an induction crucible furnace for producing melts of iron, manganese, steels and alloys based on them, containing an inductor, a crucible placed inside the inductor, a feed briquette feed guide installed along the longitudinal axis of the crucible, a metal exhaust channel and a slag exhaust channel, was selected as a prototype , the support of the briquettes of the charge installed in the crucible coaxially with the guide briquettes, and made with a through channel coaxial guide. [2].

Performing in the furnace of this design the smelting of ferroaluminium alloys does not allow to achieve high rates of waste aluminum, and, accordingly, and overuse of aluminum.

The claimed invention is directed to reducing aluminum fumes. This is achieved due to the fact that in a ferroaluminium smelting device comprising an inductor, a crucible placed vertically inside the inductor, which has a lid and an alloy discharge channel, an induction furnace crucible having a landing site in the cavity of the electric inductor and provided with side stops, while the channel the release of the alloy is made in the form of a cone-shaped opening on the bottom of the crucible, and at the landing site, respectively, a conical plug is provided that covers the said hole, and below the plug, on the bottom at the place of the workplace, there is an alloy receiver with a drain chute for the resulting alloy, in addition, the device is additionally equipped with a coarse mesh of refractory material, dividing the furnace into a space for aluminum scrap located under the mesh, and a space for accommodating steel scrap located above the mesh, however, the mesh can be made of non-ferritic material, for example, ceramic, and the lid is equipped with an engaging hook and sample extraction holes.

The ferroaluminium smelting device (see drawing) contains an electric inductor 1, a crucible 2, placed vertically inside the inductor, having a cover 3 and an alloy discharge channel 4. The crucible 2 of the induction furnace has a landing site 5 in the cavity of the electric inductor and is equipped with side stops 6. The alloy outlet channel 4 is made in the form of a cone-shaped opening on the bottom of the crucible, and at the landing site 5, a cone-shaped plug 7 is provided, covering the said hole. Below the cork, at the lower elevation of the workplace, is placed the receiver 8 of the alloy with a discharge trough 9 of the drain of the resulting alloy. Inside the crucible 2 there is a coarse mesh mesh 10 made of refractory non-ferritic material, such as ceramics, dividing the furnace into an aluminum scrap space 11 located under the mesh and a steel scrap space 12 located above the mesh. The cover 3 is provided with an engagement hook 14 and sample extraction holes 13.

The device operates as follows.

The crucible 2 of the induction furnace is lowered into the cavity of the vertical electric inductor 1 and loaded with aluminum scrap in aluminum packages into the space 11, a coarse-mesh mesh 10 made of refractory material is placed on top, and steel scrap is placed in the space 12 above. After the melting of aluminum and steel, the floating, protective slag of the aluminum melt and the slag from steel come together to protect against aluminum fumes, this also contributes to the melting temperature: at a melting temperature an average of 70 ° C higher than the melting of scrap and subsequent exposure at an average temperature of 20 ° C above the temperature of the alloy until it is completely mixed, which in time is on average up to 10 minutes. In this case, the coarse mesh 10 does not interfere with the mixing of the alloy, holds large steel scrap, which streamlines the process of melting a specific scrap. In this case, the conical plug 7 fixed at the workplace of landing 5 is the bottom stop for the crucible 2 in addition to the side stops 6.

After analysis by sampling through the holes 15 on the lid 3, the crucible 2 is lifted from its landing site 5 and thereby open the cone-shaped channel 4 on the bottom of the crucible 2, previously closed with a cone-shaped stopper 7 fixed at the landing site 5. The alloy of ferroaluminium flows from the conical hole onto the bottom of the crucible 2 and falls into the receiver 8, from where the alloy flows down the gutter 9 to the destination. When the protective slag is swollen, the crucible 2 is lowered, than the mentioned hole 4 is closed by the stopper 7, leaving the slag inside the crucible 2, then the lid 3 is opened, the net 10 is removed and the crucible 2 of the induction furnace is loaded for new melting of the preparation of the ferroaluminium alloy.

Information taken into account:

1. RF patent No. 2272851 IPC С22С 33/04, publ. 03/27/2006

2. RF patent No. 2083936 IPC F27B 14/08. F27D 11/06, publ. 07/10/1997

Claims (3)

1. A device for smelting ferroaluminium containing an electric inductor and a crucible placed inside it with a lid and a channel for releasing the alloy, characterized in that it is equipped with a coarse mesh of refractory material, dividing the crucible into the space under the grid to accommodate aluminum scrap, and the space above the grid to accommodate steel scrap, and an alloy receiver with a discharge trough for the drain of the obtained alloy, while the channel for releasing the alloy is conical in the bottom of the crucible, and the electric inductor is made n with a workplace in the cavity for landing the crucible, and the crucible is equipped with side stops and a cone-shaped stopper that closes the channel for the release of the alloy and is the bottom stop, while the alloy receiver with a discharge chute for the drain of the obtained alloy is placed below the said stopper at the lower mark of the workstation for landing crucible. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ceramic material is used as a refractory material. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the crucible lid is equipped with an engaging hook and a hole for extracting samples.

Images