RU2594993C1 - Machine for preparation of feedstuffs - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to devices for mixing feedstuffs. Machine comprises drum, loading and unloading devices. Drum is rigidly fixed on the platform with vibrator, mounted horizontally under platform, and is made spiral from hollow tunnel with multi-turn crew surface along perimeter, coiled along spiral axis 0₁-0₁ around central rectilinear axis 0₂-0₂ of spiral drum, wherein the drum is equipped with screw grooves arranged inside at an angle to its spiral axis in the form of pockets of triangular shape, arranged alternately inside and outside cross section of hollow tunnel, wherein the drum is assembled of sections that are rings identical in shape and size and coiled from identically diamond shaped strips, on which there are trapezes, lateral sides of which are located on lateral sides of diamond shaped strip, and the upper and lower bases of trapezes are arranged at an acute angle to axis of symmetry of diamond strip 0₃-0₃ and are flexure lines located from each other at distances equal to length of pockets of triangular shape on the inner surface of the hollow spiral tunnel, wherein sections in form of rings are interconnected by lateral sides of trapezes.

EFFECT: higher quality of finished feedstuffs.

1 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for mixing, in particular continuous operation for mixing components of coarse, juicy, watery and concentrated feeds.

Known drum feed mixer (ed. St. No. 1666173, class B01F 19/02, 1987), containing a drum with helical surfaces, consisting of sections, each of which is made of identical in size plates having the shape of equilateral triangles interconnected with its two sides on the surface of the drum and placed at an angle to each other and to its axis, the sections are interconnected by the free sides of the plates and form multidirectional screw surfaces of equal pitch, and the number of plates in the section is even and, like min the sum is six.

A disadvantage of the known device is the limited technological capabilities and the need to create a tilt of the drum for transporting feed components from loading to unloading.

Closest to the invention is a device for the preparation of feed (patent No. 2028070, class A23N 17/00, 1995), containing a bed mounted on it with the possibility of rotation of the drum, consisting of sections made in the form of a straight triangular prism formed by a section of a cube along diagonals, with the same-named ribs of adjacent sections connected at right angles.

A disadvantage of the known device is the limited technological capabilities and the need to create a tilt of the drum for transporting feed components from loading to unloading.

The technical solution to the problem is to expand technological capabilities and ensure the transportation of feed components from loading to unloading with a horizontal axis of rotation of the drum, increasing productivity.

The technical solution is achieved by the fact that in a feed preparation machine containing a drum, loading and unloading devices, the drum is rigidly mounted on a platform with a vibrator mounted horizontally below the platform and is made spiral from a hollow tunnel with a multi-helical surface around the perimeter, rolled along a spiral axis 0 ₁ -0 ₁ around a central linear axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ spiral drum provided with helical grooves in an angle to its axis in a spiral form pockets triangular p arranged alternately inside and outside the cross section of the hollow tunnel, and assembled from sections in the form of rings of the same shape and size, rolled up from the same diamond-shaped stripes, on which trapeziums are placed, the sides of which are located on the sides of the diamond-shaped strip, and the upper and lower bases trapezoids arranged at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of diamond stripes 0 ₃ -0 ₃ and fold lines are located at distances from each other equal to the length of the pockets of the triangular shape of the inner surface STI hollow tunnel spiral shape, wherein the section in the form of rings interconnected sides of trapezoids.

According to the patent literature not found a technical solution similar to the claimed, which allows to judge the inventive step of the machine for preparing feed.

The novelty is due to the fact that the drum is made spiral with a multiple helical surface, which increases the intensity of the interaction of the feed components and expands the technological capabilities.

The novelty is that the installation of a vibrator under the base with the drum provides a vibration path of the drum along with the feed components in the form of a vertical ellipse, which increases the specific gravity of the total kinetic energy (E _p ) and increases productivity.

The novelty is that the spiral drum with a multiple helical surface along the perimeter is equipped with screw grooves inside and outside at an angle to the spiral axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 ₁ hollow tunnel of a spiral shape with a central rectilinear axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ , which increases the productivity of feed preparation and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty lies in the fact that the spiral grooves of the spiral drum are made in the form of pockets of a triangular shape located inside and outside the cross section of the hollow tunnel, which expands technological capabilities and increases the productivity of feed preparation.

The novelty is seen in the fact that the spiral drum is assembled from the section in the form of rings of the same shape and size, rolled up from the same diamond-shaped stripes, on which trapeziums are located on the sides of the diamond-shaped strip, and the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid are at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry rhomboid strip ₃ -0 0 ₃ and fold lines are located at distances from each other equal to the length of the triangular shaped pockets along the inner surface of the hollow drum helical tunnel, with the sections in the form of a rings connected to each other sides of the trapezoid, this improves performance feed preparation.

The novelty of the proposal also lies in the fact that along the entire perimeter of the spiral drum, the passage section varies not only in shape but also in area, which provides alternate compression and expansion of feed component flows in each section of the spiral drum, increases productivity and expands technological capabilities.

The novelty of the invention lies in the fact that the trapezoid of the diamond-shaped strips from which the sections are mounted are differently inclined not only to each other, but also to the axis of symmetry of the spiral drum, so the compression ratio of the particles of the feed components increases and the process of preparing the feed is intensified.

The novelty lies in the fact that the drum is made of sections, the walls of which are inclined not only to each other, but also to the direction of the rotational movement of the flows of particles of the feed components moving under the influence of vibration in planes perpendicular to the passage section of the drum, this complicates the trajectory of their movement and increases the intensity of feed preparation and enhances technological capabilities.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a machine for preparing feed, General view; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. one; in FIG. 3 - a visual image of a spiral drum with pockets of a triangular shape; in FIG. 4 - a visual representation of the relative position of the spiral 0 ₁ -0 ₁ , along which a hollow tunnel with a multiple helical surface is rolled around a central straight axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ ; in FIG. 5 - one of the diamond-shaped strips on which trapezoids are placed, the upper and lower bases of which are located at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of the strip 0 ₃ -0 ₃ in the form of fold lines; in FIG. 6 - a strip of a rhomboid shape, bent on the fold lines to the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid; in FIG. 7 - one of the diamond-shaped stripes, rolled into a ring.

The feed preparation machine (FIGS. 1 and 2) includes a drum 1, rigidly mounted on a platform 2, which is resiliently mounted on the base 4 using four rubber-cord balloons 3, and a loading device 5 is rigidly fixed on the platform 2, and also rigidly attached to the bottom 2 of the platform 2 attached vibrator 6 with a horizontal axis of rotation.

The machine for preparing feed 1 is equipped with an unloading device, including skize 7, and a capacity of 8 for receiving finished feed. The vibrator 6 is mounted horizontally under the platform 2 and therefore provides the movement of particles of the feed components inside the drum 1 under the influence of the vibrator 6 along elliptical trajectories.

The drum 1 (Fig. 1-3) is made spiral. In FIG. 4 shows a visual representation of the relative position of the axis of the spiral - the center of the axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 _{1 of the} hollow tunnel of the spiral drum 1 (in Fig. 4, the spiral drum is shown in cross sections 9 of the hollow tunnel with a multiple helical surface) and the central straight axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} spiral drum 1.

Thus, along the perimeter, the spiral drum 1 is made in the form of a spiral-shaped tunnel with a multi-helical surface along the perimeter and is provided with screw grooves inside and outside, located at an angle α to the axis of symmetry of the spiral 0 ₁ -0 _{1 of the} center of symmetry axis (Fig. 3) of the tunnel spiral, coiled 0 _r 0 _i around the central axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} spiral drum 1.

The helical grooves of the spiral drum 1 are made in the form of pockets 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 along the inner surface and pockets 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 along the outer surface of the spiral tunnel (Fig. 4) in the form of pockets triangular in shape, located inside and outside the cross section of the hollow tunnel, and the drum is assembled from sections in the form of rings 22 of the same shape and size (Fig. 7), connected to each other by the sides 23 and 24.

The result is a hollow spiral tunnel 1 (Fig. 1-3) with the axis of the spiral - the center of the axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 ₁ spiral tunnel 1, twisted around the Central straight axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} spiral drum 1 in diameter D _cp with the formation spiral drum 1 with an outer diameter of D _max and an inner diameter of D _min (Fig. 4).

In this case, the hollow spiral drum 1 with a multi-helical helical surface is provided with helical grooves in the form of pockets of a triangular shape 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 on the inner surface and pockets of a triangular shape 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 on the outer surface of the spiral drum 1 (Fig. 4).

Thus, a hollow perforated tunnel with its own spiral axis of symmetry 0 ₁ -0 _{1 is} folded along this spiral 0 ₁ -0 ₁ around the central rectilinear axis 0 ₂ -0 ₂ and forms a spiral drum 1 (Fig. 4).

Section 22 is made in the form of a ring (Fig. 5) and is mounted from a diamond-shaped strip 25.

Trapeziums 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37 are placed on the diamond-shaped strip 25, the sides of which are located on the sides of the diamond-shaped strip 25, and the upper and lower bases of these trapezoids 5) are located at an acute angle β to the axis of symmetry of the diamond-shaped strip 0 ₃ -0 ₃ and are the fold lines 38 (Fig. 5 and 6) of the triangular pockets (Fig. 7) of the spiral drum 1, made in the form of a hollow tunnel.

In FIG. 5 shows the trapezoid:

first trapezium 26 with upper base AB;

second trapezoid 27;

third trapezoid 28;

fourth trapezoid 29;

fifth trapezoid 30;

sixth trapezoid 31 with the lower base of the VG.

At the same time, AB is the smallest of all the upper bases of the trapezoid located on the diamond-shaped strip 25 below the fold line of the SH and the above three trapeziums (first 26, second 27, third 28, fourth 29, fifth 30, sixth 31), and SH is the largest of all the lower bases of the trapezoid 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31.

In FIG. 5 also shows the trapezoid:

seventh trapezium 32 with the lower base of the VG;

eighth trapeze 33;

ninth trapezoid 34;

tenth trapezoid 35;

eleventh trapezoid 36;

twelfth trapezoid 37 with the upper base of the CD.

At the same time, CD is the smallest base of all the upper bases of the trapezoid located on the diamond-shaped strip 25 above the HF fold line, which for all trapezoids, in turn, is the largest of all the lower bases from the seventh trapezium 32 to the twelfth trapezoid 37.

Thus, the fold line of the VG is not only the lower base of the trapezoid 31, but also the longest base of the trapezoid 32 and the longest of all the lower folds of the diamond-shaped strip 25 and ring 22 (Fig. 7).

Moreover, the fold lines AB and CD are the shortest of all the fold lines of the diamond-shaped strip 25 and ring 22, with AB = CD.

The ratio of the length of the fold line of the VG and AB (SP) determines the value of the step S of the spiral 0 ₁ -0 ₁ , and hence the pitch of winding the hollow tunnel around the straight axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} spiral drum 1.

For example, in FIG. 5 fold lines L ₁ <L ₂ <L ₃ <L ₄ <L ₅ <L ₆ <L ₇ and L ₁₃ <L ₁₂ <L ₁₁ <L ₁₀ <L ₉ <L ₈ <L ₇ .

The diamond-shaped strip 25 is bent along the straight fold lines, which are the base of all twelve trapezoid and parallel to each other (Fig. 5 and 6).

Then, the strip 25 is bent along the fold lines L ₂ , L ₃ , L ₄ , L ₅ , L ₆ , L ₇ , L ₈ , L ₉ , L ₁₀ , L ₁₁ , L ₁ (Fig. 6) and then folds into a ring 22 (Fig. 7) with triangular pockets. A section in the form of identical rings 22 is then connected to each other sequentially by the lateral sides 23 and 24 so that all fold lines are a continuation of the fold lines of the same ring of the previous ring.

Thus, the spiral drum 1 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3) is made around the perimeter in the form of a multi-helical spiral surface around the perimeter of the spiral drum 1 with helical grooves inside and outside the spiral drum 1 in the form of pockets of a triangular shape 10, 11 , 12, 13, 14, 15 on the inner surface and helical grooves 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21 on the outer surface at an angle α to the spiral axis of the hollow tunnel of the spiral shape of the spiral drum 1.

The feed preparation machine operates as follows.

The disturbing force of the vibrator 6 through the walls of the platform 2 and the drum 1 is transmitted to the feed component particles inside the drum 1 and entering the drum 1 in a continuous stream through the loading device 5. The feed component particles rotate along vertical elliptical trajectories, during which the feed preparation process occurs . In this case, the particles of the feed components not only intensively interact with each other, but also under the influence of vibration rotate in a plane perpendicular to the bore of the drum 1. Since the length of the drum 1 has a cross-sectional shape, shape and location, the disturbance of particle movement is aggravated feed components, which in this case, interacting with the walls of the drum 1, are moved from loading to unloading. The presence in the drum 1 of screw surfaces around the perimeter of the drum 1 contributes not only to the complication of the trajectories of the particles of feed components, but also to their movement along the passage section of the drum 1 towards the discharge side.

When the particles of the feed components move along the feed section of the drum 1 due to the change in the feed size in shape and size, compression and vacuum zones are alternately formed in each section of the drum 1 throughout its volume, which also intensifies the process of preparing the feed. Finished feed through the discharge window 39 are removed using the slice 7 in the tank 8.

The technical and economic advantages of the feed preparation machine arise due to the implementation of a spiral-shaped drum with helical surfaces in the form of triangular-shaped pockets, which ensures a reduction in overall length, expansion of technological capabilities, increased productivity and the path (length) of movement of feed components.

Technical and economic advantages also arise due to the installation of a vibrator horizontally below the platform with a drum and a change in the shape of the path of the particles of feed components in the form of a vertical ellipse, which ensures an increase in the specific gravity of the total kinetic energy (E _p ) and increases productivity.

Claims (1)

A feed preparation machine comprising a drum, loading and unloading devices, characterized in that the drum is rigidly fixed to the platform with a vibrator mounted horizontally below the platform, and is made spiral from a hollow tunnel with a multi-helical surface along the perimeter, rolled along a spiral axis 0 ₁ - 0 ₁ around the central straight axis 0 ₂ -0 _{2 of the} spiral drum, and the drum is equipped with helical grooves located inside at an angle to its spiral axis in the form of pockets of a triangular shape frames located alternately inside and outside the cross section of the hollow tunnel, while the drum is assembled from sections in the form of rings of the same shape and size, rolled up from the same diamond-shaped strips, on which trapeziums are placed, the sides of which are located on the sides of the diamond-shaped strip, and the upper and lower bases of the trapezoid are located at an acute angle to the axis of symmetry of the diamond-shaped strip 0 ₃ -0 ₃ and are fold lines located at distances from each other equal to the length of the pockets of a triangular shape about the inner surface of the hollow tunnel of a spiral shape, while the sections in the form of rings are connected to each other by the lateral sides of the trapezoid.

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