RU2578918C1 - Separating thrower for granular materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to grain cleaning and sorting machines, so-called grain throwers, widely used in agriculture for cleaning, sorting, transporting, cooling, drying of grain and processing products thereof. Separating granular material thrower contains loading hopper, drum consisting of receiving and bearing circular disks, cone-shaped rim separation device, mechanisms of cleaning, chute boards, drive, outlet branch pipe, feed branch pipe, pipe to discharge impurities. Separation devices are fixed in drum between receiving and bearing circular discs and are composed of combs. Cleaning mechanisms are installed between them and chute boards. Cone-shaped rim has recesses.

EFFECT: high efficiency of processing and cleaning of granular material.

3 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to grain cleaning sorting machines, the so-called grain throwers, widely used in agriculture for cleaning, sorting, transporting, cooling, drying grain and its processed products.

Known thrower of bulk material, including a vertically arranged blade drum having two end discs and crescent-shaped blades located between them. The drum is covered by an endless tape (see SU No. 776962, B65G 31/02, 1980).

This thrower does not clean and sort bulk material in a rotating drum, because it does not contain separating devices.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed invention is a loose material thrower selected as a prototype, including a hopper, a drum consisting of a receiving and supporting ring disks fixed between them by blades. The blades are made of two sickle-shaped and receiving parts interconnected. A cone-shaped rim is mounted on the periphery of the supporting annular disk, forming a gap of width H with the periphery of the receiving annular disk. The receiving side of the drum with a gap of width H is located in the cylindrical part of the outlet pipe, and the carrier side with a conical rim is outside the outlet pipe (see RU No. 2332267 C1, B07B 11/00, B65G 31/04, 08/27/2008).

The disadvantage of this design is that it does not clean and sort the bulk material in a rotating drum, thereby having less material processing efficiency.

The technical result of the invention is to increase the efficiency of processing and purification of bulk material.

The technical result is achieved in that in a separating thrower of bulk materials, including a loading hopper, a drum consisting of a receiving and supporting ring disks, a cone-shaped rim is installed on the periphery of the supporting ring disk of the drum, forming a gap of width H with the periphery of the receiving ring disk, while the receiving drum the side with a gap of width H is located in the cylindrical part of the exhaust pipe, and the carrier side with a conical rim is outside the exhaust pipe, according to the invention in a drum separating devices made in the form of combs are fixed between the receiving and the bearing ring disks, cleaning mechanisms installed behind them and pitched boards, while slots are made in the cone-shaped rim.

In addition, the technical result is achieved in that the separating devices in longitudinal section have a flat or curved shape.

In addition, the technical result is achieved by the fact that the separating devices are installed at an angle α to the radius of the drum.

Distinctive features of the invention in comparison with the prototype are the presence of new structural elements in the drum, namely, separating devices in the form of combs and pitched boards installed between the receiving and supporting ring disks, as well as the installation of cleaning mechanisms for separating devices in a rotating drum.

The installation of separating devices in the form of combs between the receiving and supporting ring disks of the drum will allow cleaning and separation of the bulk material moving along them in a rotating drum. Using pitched boards, the impurities that have passed through the combs and got onto the pitched boards are removed from the rotating drum through slots located on a conical rim into a nozzle for removing impurities. The result is an efficient processing and cleaning of bulk material in a rotating drum.

The installation of cleaning mechanisms behind the separating devices above the pitched boards ensures the cleaning of the separating devices, thereby eliminating their clogging and clogging, which contributes to a more efficient processing and cleaning of bulk material.

Thus, it is the claimed combination of distinctive features of the invention that allows to achieve a technical result, which consists in increasing the efficiency of cleaning and separation of bulk material in a rotating drum.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows the proposed separating thrower of bulk materials; in FIG. 2 is a section AA of FIG. one; in FIG. 3 - separating device.

The proposed separating thrower of bulk materials (Fig. 1, 2) contains a drum 1, consisting of a receiving 2 and bearing 3 ring disks. On the periphery of the carrier ring disk 3, a cone-shaped rim 4 is installed, covering the ends of the rounded cone-shaped sections 5 and forming a gap of width H with the periphery of the receiver ring disk 2. Separation devices 6 are mounted between the receiver 2 and the carrier 3 ring disks, the cleaning mechanisms 7 located behind them and solid pitched boards 8. The receiving side 2 of the drum 1 with a gap of width N is located in the cylindrical part 9 of the exhaust pipe 10, and the supporting side 3 with a conical rim 4 is outside the exhaust pipe 10. Sep riruyuschie device 6 are formed as combs having a flat or curved shape in longitudinal section (FIG. 3) which are fixed in the receiving part 11. The separating device 6 are mounted at an angle α to a radius of the drum (see. Fig. 2). The cone-shaped rim 4 has slots 12 located above the ends of the ramped boards 8. The bearing ring disk 3 is mounted on a shaft, which is driven by an electric motor drive 13. Through the cylindrical part 9 of the exhaust pipe 10 passes the supply pipe 14 connected to the feed hopper 15. Wraps around the drum 1 pipe for removing impurities 16 having a cylindrical shape.

The work of the separating thrower of bulk materials is as follows.

The source bulk material is fed into the loading hopper 15. Then the material through the supply pipe 14 and the inlet of the receiving annular disk 2 enters the receiving part 11 of the separating device 6 (Fig. 3), where it is captured (cut off) by it. From the receiving part of the separating device 6, the bulk material under the action of centrifugal force enters the surface of the separating device 6, from where to the periphery of the separating device 6, then to the rounded conical section 5, which reduces the radial speed of the bulk material acquired by it when moving along the separating device 6, and on the cone-shaped rim 4 of the drum 1. The conical shape of the rim 4 of the drum 1, the roundedness of section 5, and also the action of centrifugal force allow you to direct and unload bulk material from lashing drum 1 through a gap of width H to the cylindrical part 9 of the exhaust pipe 10. Depending on the order of discharge of particles of bulk material from the separating devices 6 through the gap of width H of the rotating drum 1, the particles fall into certain sections of the receiving zone of the cylindrical part 9 of the exhaust pipe 10. Thus portions of bulk material are dispersed in the receiving zone of the cylindrical part 9 of the pipe 10. Moreover, particles of bulk material in portions that fall on certain sections of the receiving zone, by inertia commoners with different velocities and trajectories of motion of the cylindrical part along the guide surface of the discharge spout 10 and the particles of particulate material subsequent portions, trapped at the same portions receiving zone, which particles previous portion, moved by inertia with the same velocities and trajectories of movement. As a result, particles of bulk material are ejected through the exhaust pipe 10 by atomized fan-shaped portions with a thickness of one layer of bulk material. Moreover, particles of bulk material in a given portion fly in an air stream with different trajectories and speeds, and particles of bulk material in subsequent portions, flying along the same paths as particles of the previous portion, have the same speeds. In flight, particles of bulk material are separated by aerodynamic properties. To clean the separating devices 6, cleaning mechanisms 7 are provided, installed behind them. To remove the impurities that have passed through the separating devices 6, they have pitched boards 8 behind them, from which the impurities go from the rotating drum 1 through the slots 12 located on the conical rim 4 between the pitched boards 8 and the separating devices 6, into the nozzle for removing impurities 16.

The use of the proposed separating thrower of bulk materials for cleaning, sorting, transporting, cooling, drying grain and products of its processing in comparison with the prototype will improve the efficiency of processing and cleaning of the material by cleaning the grain material directly in the rotating drum.

Claims (3)

1. A separating thrower of bulk materials, including a loading hopper, a drum consisting of a receiving and bearing ring disks, a cone-shaped rim is installed on the periphery of the bearing ring disk of the drum, forming a gap of width H with the periphery of the receiving ring disk, while the drum is the receiving side with a gap of width H located in the cylindrical part of the exhaust pipe, and the carrier side with a conical rim - outside the exhaust pipe, characterized in that in the drum between the receiving and bearing ring disks fixed separating device designed as rakes set them cleaning mechanisms and pitched boards, wherein a tapered rim slits. 2. The separating thrower according to claim 1, characterized in that the separating devices in longitudinal section have a flat or curved shape. 3. The separating thrower according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the separating devices are installed at an angle α to the radius of the drum.

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