RU2572130C1 - Apparatus for dehydration and treatment of effluent and suspensions - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: chemistry.

SUBSTANCE: effluent feed pipe is sharply constricted in a bubbling chamber and coagulant is fed into said pipe under gravity owing to a strong pressure drop. As a result of turbulent mixing of effluent and the coagulant, large particle agglomerations of contaminants, which are precipitated, form. The distinction of the disclosed apparatus is that the coagulant is fed without power costs and without expenses on additional equipment - compressor, and precipitation of coarse particles into the bubbling chamber takes place on an entrapping profile, which increases the time of interaction of the effluent and the coagulant (flocculant).

EFFECT: invention increases the contact surface of effluent, coagulant and flocculant and increases efficiency of effluent treatment.

2 dwg

Description

The device relates to the field of wastewater treatment and dehydration of organic substances, mineral solutions and suspensions. It can be used in mining, oil refining and agriculture.

A device is known [Engineering ecology and environmental management / Under. ed. N.I. Ivanova, I.M. Fadina. M .: - Logos, 2004, 518 pp.], In which the purification is carried out by supplying a coagulant or flocculant under pressure, followed by bubbling of effluents and coagulant (figure 1).

The device contains:

A pipe (1) for gravity feed of untreated effluents;

Grid (2) for filtering coarse particles;

Capacity (3) for storing coagulant or flocculant;

A compressor (7) for supplying a coagulant or flocculant under pressure;

Spray nozzle (8);

Bubble chamber (4);

A mesh with coagulated fine particles (5);

Pipe for drainage of treated effluents (6).

The device operates as follows.

The untreated effluent is fed into a bubbler chamber, where a coagulant or flocculant is fed under pressure through a spray nozzle. The crude effluent and coagulant due to the turbulence of the stream are mixed in a bubble chamber. Particle sizes due to coagulation increase and precipitate on the grid 7. Through small holes in the grid, the purified water leaves. After the accumulation of coagulated particles, the mesh is removed and the precipitate is chemically treated to extract useful components. Particles with a radius of up to 1 μm are cleaned. Cleaning efficiency up to 95%.

The disadvantage of this method

The cost of electric energy for the operation of a compressor forcing a coagulant. For 1 kg of effluent entering the sparging in 1 sec, it is necessary to supply 1 kg of a coagulant solution (flocculant). For this process, the compressor requires 11 watts, and in 1 hour - 40,000 watts / hour or 40 kW, i.e. 40 kW / h of electricity costing about 120 rubles are consumed per 1 hour of operation of the device. In addition, the total costs must include the cost of the compressor and the work of connecting the power line or the cost of a diesel power station and fuel.

The proposed device is shown in figure 2.

A device for treating wastewater and suspensions consists of:

1. Pipes (1) with section s ₁ for gravity feed of untreated effluents;

2. Grids (2) for filtering coarse particles;

3. Tanks (3) for storing coagulant or flocculant;

4. A bubble chamber (4) with a sharp narrowing of the pipe section to a value of s ₂ ;

5. Profile grid (5) for additional bubbling and sedimentation of coagulated fine particles;

6. Pipes (6) for discharging treated effluents.

A device for cleaning effluents and suspensions works as follows.

. Например, для плотности стока ρ=1050 кг/м³, υ₁=2 м/с и $$\frac{S_1}{S_2}=3$$

в месте сужения трубы образуется вакуум с давлением Р₂=0,24 ат. То есть коагулянт или флокулянт подается самотеком. Здесь ламинарное течение стоков переходит в турбулентное, и происходит интенсивный барботаж с коагуляцией загрязняющих сток мелкодисперсных частиц. Затем барботажная камера расширяется до первоначального сечения S₁ с понижением скорости потока до υ₁, и на профильной сетке (5) реализуется дополнительный барботаж и гравитационное осаждение коагулированных частиц.The untreated wastewater is fed through a pipe (1) with a cross section s ₁ . Coarse particles are filtered by a mesh (2). The coagulant or flocculant is fed by gravity into the bubble chamber (4) from the container (3). A sharp narrowing of the pipe section to the value of S ₂ <S _{1 was} made in the bubbler chamber at the feed point of the coagulant or flocculant. Let the pressure of the drains in the supply pipe (1) P ₁ = 1 at, and the flow velocity υ ₁ . From the continuity equation it follows that in the place of pipe narrowing and the supply of a coagulant or flocculant, the flow rate increases to υ ₂ = (S ₁ / S ₂ ) υ ₁ . From the Bernoulli equation it follows that in this place the pressure decreases to a value $$P_{}$$$${}_2\frac{\text{ρ}{\vartheta }_{\text{one}}^{\text{2}}}{2}(\mathrm{one}-\left(\frac{S_{\mathrm{one}}}{S_2}\right)+P_{\mathrm{one}}$$

. For example, for the drain density ρ = 1050 kg / m ³ , υ ₁ = 2 m / s and $$\frac{S_{\mathrm{one}}}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="S"\; filenames="00000003.png,00000004.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">S</figure-callout>}}_2}=3$$

in the place of narrowing of the pipe, a vacuum is formed with a pressure of P ₂ = 0.24 at. That is, a coagulant or flocculant is fed by gravity. Here, the laminar flow of the effluent becomes turbulent, and intensive bubbling occurs with the coagulation of fine particles polluting the effluent. Then the bubbling chamber expands to the initial section S ₁ with a decrease in the flow velocity to υ ₁ , and additional bubbling and gravitational deposition of coagulated particles are realized on the profile grid (5).

The task to which this device is directed is to increase the economic efficiency of wastewater treatment and their dehydration by eliminating the compressor from the device and the energy costs of its operation.

The differences and features of the device are that the supply of coagulant or flocculant is carried out without energy costs, without the cost of additional equipment (compressor), but only due to the pressure difference during narrowing of the pipe section, which leads to an increase in the contact surface during turbulent movement of untreated effluents effluent coagulant or flocculant. An increase in the contact surface of the coagulant and flocculant effluents makes it possible to more quickly destabilize the chemical structure of the effluents, which leads to their faster dehydration. An increase in the time of interaction of wastewater and coagulant on the retention profile leads to a more effective treatment of wastewater.

The technical result is achieved by narrowing the conductive pipe for untreated wastewater and by suction of the coagulant or flocculant by gravity due to the pressure drop in the narrowed part of the pipe, which simplifies and accelerates the dehydration process, increases the economic efficiency of the process.

Claims (1)

A device for cleaning drains and suspensions containing a bubbler chamber, inlet drains and a pipe coagulant, a mesh filtering coarse particles, characterized in that the inlet pipe is constricted, and additional bubbling and gravity deposition of coagulated particles are realized on a profile grid.

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