RU2562487C2 - Method for embedding filtration deformations in channel dam - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to hydrotechnic and environmental construction and may be used when conducting rescue and recovery operations under water, repair of protective and regulating dams by embedding filtration passages, cracks and holes, as well as shore protection structures in the eroded river beds, canals and other facilities. Gabion mattresses filled with stone are placed along the banks of the canal bed. Cloth of woven geotextile is attached to gabion frame throughout the perimeter by means of wire. Then, the cloth of waterproof polymer geomembrane is attached by means of metal clips. In this case, the protective waterproof coating is made with margin throughout its perimeter. Waterproof geomembrane is made of polyethylene of low or high density, including made of polymeric wastes. Ready gabion structure with protective coating is placed under water on the slope by means of crane, and free filtration passage in the channel dam is sealed in the same way.

EFFECT: improvement of the method.

4 cl, 8 dwg

Description

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and environmental construction and can be used when conducting emergency recovery work under water, repairing protective and regulating dams by sealing filtration passages, cracks and burrows, as well as bank protection structures in eroded river channels, canals and other structures.

A known method of sealing cracks in the underwater part of hydraulic structures by introducing a liquid solution into the cracks under the action of ultrasonic vibrations (Patent RU 2297493, IPC EV 3/16, publ. 04/20/2007, Bull. No. 11).

The disadvantage of this method is the rather complicated technology of introducing a liquid solution into the cracks of the structure underwater conditions. At the same time, it is difficult to control the quality of filling the crack with a liquid solution, as a result of which the formation of free cavities in the crack is possible, which reduces the effectiveness of repair work.

A known method of impervious screening of the bottom of a reservoir, which consists in the preparation of a water-colloidal suspension, fed through a flexible pipe under pressure to the intended place (Patent RU 2434098, IPC Е02В 3/16, publ. 20.11.2011, Bull. No. 32).

The disadvantages of this method also include the complexity of its implementation underwater conditions and the difficulty of controlling its quality.

There is also known a device for laying flexible protective coatings on underwater conditions underwater conditions (see copyright SU 715694 dated 02.15.1980), including a frame mounted on a movable support, a drum with a film and a device for attaching the edges of the film to the bottom of the reservoir.

However, the disadvantage of this device is the difficulty of fastening the film along its edges and the possibility of its damage during further use by the flow of water, waves or floating solid objects due to the lack of a protective coating on top of the film.

The closest technical solution is the method of erecting a gabion mount in flowing water (Patent RU 2248427, IPC ЕВВ 3/00, publ. March 20, 2005, Bull. No. 8), including laying along the banks of the channel of a gabion mattress filled with stone.

The disadvantages of this technical solution is that this method is characterized by the complexity of performing work in the flowing water with the expense of a significant period of time, while the urgent termination of the formed foci in the emergency in the canal dam is required. In addition, it does not provide for a waterproof element.

The aim of this invention is to seal the focus of filtering deformations in canals and ponds under water without emptying them, as well as improving the quality of laying, productivity, water resistance through the use of gabion-geomembrane design of the protective coating.

The technical result consists in simplifying the production process and ensuring the localization of the filtration path and complete waterproofing through the use of a gabion-geomembrane protective coating structure. At the same time, the use of a waterproof coating with the required margin around its entire perimeter will ensure complete waterproofness in the area of the source of filtration deformations by eliminating the development of contact filtration in this area. The dimensions of the protective waterproof coating are established according to the results of preliminary measurements, as well as depending on the shape of the inlet part of the filtration path or crack.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

FIG. 1 - laying of the gabion-geomembrane structure of the protective coating and termination of the source of filtering deformation in the channel dam.

FIG. 2 is a diagram of a device of a gabion-geomembrane structure of a protective coating necessary for sealing a filtering site.

FIG. 3 - deformation of the protective coating over the inlet of the filtration path.

FIG. 4 - deformation of the protective coating over an extended crack.

FIG. 5 is a laying diagram in terms of a protective coating over a deformation region in the form of a paraboloid.

FIG. 6 is a diagram of the deformation of a soil slope in the form of a paraboloid.

FIG. 7 is a laying diagram in terms of a protective coating over a crack.

FIG. 8 is a diagram of the deformation of a soil slope in the form of a crack.

The numbers in the drawing indicate:

1 - gabion mattress mattress;

2 - wire fastening;

3 - geotextile;

4 - a cloth of a geomembrane;

5 - fastening with brackets;

6 - crane;

7 - free filtration.

The method of terminating the focus of filtrational deformation in the dam of the channel is as follows (Fig. 1).

Gabions are placed in lattice reinforcing cages 1 (prefabricated in sizes 4 × 3 × 0.3 m, weighing 37 kg), to which along the entire perimeter by wire 2 through 1.0-1.5 meters a woven geotextile 3 is attached (for example, “ Stabitex "), which has high strength, low deformability, high water permeability and medium density (600 g / m ² ), after which the panel of waterproof geomembrane 4 (made, for example, of low or high density polyethylene, including polymer waste) is laid and the whole con structures on both sides with metal brackets 5. At the same time, gabion mattresses filled with stone are laid along the banks of the channel. After that, the finished gabion-geomembrane structure is immersed under water on a slope using a crane 6 at the location of the inlet part of the free filtration path 7 in the channel dam, which was previously installed according to the results of measuring work.

The dimensions of the gabion-geomembrane structure of the protective coating of the structure will depend on the size of the filtration path, as well as on the geological and subsidence properties of the soil and is determined by the formula

l _con = l _zap + 2 · l _def , m,

where l _kon is the width of the gabion-geomembrane structure of the protective coating, m;

l _zap - stock width, m;

l _def - the width of the deformation region, m

The required reserve width to exclude contact filtration under the gabion-geomembrane structure is taken to be not less than l _zap ≥1.5-2.0 m, which allows the impermeable geomembrane to be pressed tightly against the base and the deformation region and to exclude the development of filtration deformations through the formed filtration move.

During the operation of the canal or reservoir, a gradual silting of the slope will occur during the formation of a possible subsidence of the protective coating, which after 3-5 years will be completely covered by sediment.

After laying the protective coating on the slope of the channel dam under hydrostatic pressure, the geomembrane is somewhat stretched both in the transverse and longitudinal directions within the allowable relative elongation when operating in spatial conditions, characterized by the coefficient of permissible deformation (relative elongation) of the geomembrane K _ε = 0.10 ÷ 0.15, taking the outline of the input part of the deformation region, providing a tight hold over the entire surface of the paraboloid.

The dimensions of the inlet are set according to the results of measurements from the watercraft using a hydrometer pole (marking) or an echo sounder.

Below is the definition of the main dimensions of an impermeable protective coating for deformation of their base in the form of a paraboloid and a crack.

To enter in the form of a paraboloid (Fig. 5, 6):

Where

Where

To enter in the form of an extended crack (Fig. 7, 8):

Where

where l, l ₁ , l ₂ - the length and width of the protective waterproof coating, m;

l _zap - the length of the required stock, m;

- длина и ширина геомембраны, м;

- the length and width of the geomembrane, m;

r _{in def} , h _def - radius and depth of the input part of the area of deformation of the soil slope in the form of a paraboloid;

δ _Tr , l _Tr - the width and length of the deformation region in the form of a crack;

- коэффициенты допустимого деформирования (относительного удлинения) геомембраны в пространственных условиях работы.

- coefficients of permissible deformation (elongation) of the geomembrane in spatial working conditions.

The proposed method of sealing the focus of filtrational deformations in the channel dam is distinguished by the speed and simplicity of work, localization of the filtration path, and complete waterproofness due to the use of the gabion-geomembrane design of the protective coating.

Claims (4)

1. A method of sealing a focus of filtrational deformations in a canal dam, including laying along the banks of the channel gabion mattresses filled with stone, characterized in that a cloth geotextile is attached to the gabion frame, and then a waterproof polymeric geomembrane made of, for example, low or high polyethylene is attached density, including from polymer waste, while a protective waterproof coating is performed with a margin around its perimeter. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the geotextile cloth is attached to the gabion mattresses with a wire, and the geomembrane with metal brackets, thereby forming a protective waterproof coating. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the dimensions of the protective waterproof coating are set according to the results of preliminary measurements on the craft with the establishment of the outline and depth of the inlet of the deformation region using a hydrometer pole (marking) or echo sounder. 4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the dimensions of the protective waterproof coating are determined depending on the shape of the inlet part of the filtration path or crack to exclude contact filtration to the area of the source of filtration deformation:
- to enter as a paraboloid:

Where

Where

- to enter in the form of an extended crack:

Where

where l, l ₁ , l ₂ - the length and width of the protective waterproof coating, m;
l _zap - the length of the required stock, m;

- the length and width of the geomembrane, m;
r _{in def} , h _def - radius and depth of the input part of the deformation region in the form of a paraboloid;
δ _Tr , l _Tr - the width and length of the deformation region in the form of a crack;

- coefficients of permissible deformation (elongation) of the geomembrane in spatial working conditions.

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