RU2555972C1 - Composition for production of porous aggregate - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: composition for production of porous aggregate comprises, wt %: sodium water-glass with density of 1.41 g / cm³ 50-75, sodium chloride, milled to size less than 0.3 mm 1-3, shale ash, containing, wt %: SiO₂ - 30.8, Al₂O₃ - 13.8, Fe₂O₃ - 7.2, MgO - 1.4, CaO - 15.2, R₂O - 4.2, percentage point - 27.4, 22-49.

EFFECT: improved strength during compression and softening factor of porous aggregate, industrial waste utilisation.

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Description

The invention relates to the production of building materials, in particular the production of porous aggregates based on liquid glass, intended for the manufacture of lightweight concrete, as well as heat-insulating fillings.

A known composition for producing expanded clay (porous aggregate) composition, wt.%: Waste coal flotation - 60, modified liquid glass - 40 / Denisov D.Yu. The use of coal flotation waste in the production of expanded clay / D.Yu. Denisov, I.V. Kovkov, V.Z. Abdrakhimov // Bashkir Chemical Journal. - 2008. - Volume 15. - No. 2. - S. 107-109 /.

The disadvantage of this composition of the ceramic mass is the relatively low strength of 1.7-1.9 MPa.

A known composition for producing a waterproof porous filler composition, wt.%: Sodium liquid glass - 50-70, sodium chloride - 1-3, burned rocks with a clay content of at least 50% and loss during calcination of at least 16% - 22-49 / Patent No. 2481286 of the Russian Federation, IPC С04В 14/24. Composition for the production of waterproof porous aggregate / Abdrakhimov V.Z., Semenychev V.K., Abdrakhimova E.S., Vdovina E.V .; applicant and patent holder Samara Academy of State and Municipal Administration; claimed 06/29/2011; publ. 05/10/2013. Bull. 13/.

The disadvantage of this composition is the relatively low compressive strength (2.0-2.12 MPa) and softening coefficient (93-94).

This technical solution is taken as a prototype.

The technical result is to increase the compressive strength and softening coefficient of the porous aggregate.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the composition to obtain a waterproof porous aggregate, including sodium liquid glass with a density of 1.41 g / cm ³ and sodium chloride, ground to a size of less than 0.3 mm, shale ash is added, containing, wt.% : SiO ₂ - 30.8; Al ₂ O ₃ - 13.8; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 7.2; MgO - 1.4; CaO - 15.2; R ₂ O - 4.2; p.p.p. - 27.4 in the following ratio of components, wt.%:

sodium liquid glass with a density of 1.41 g / cm ³ 50-75 sodium chloride, ground to a size of less than 0.3 mm 1-3 shale ash, wt.%: SiO ₂ - 30.8; Al ₂ O ₃ - 13.8; Fe ₂ O ₃ - 7.2; MgO - 1.4; CaO - 15.2; R ₂ O - 4.2 p.p.p. - 27.4 22-49

Shale ash was used as a filler for the production of porous aggregate. Fly ash is a finely dispersed material consisting of the mineral part of the combusted fuel and collected from the flue gases of thermal power plants. The particle size of fly ash ranges from 3-5 to 100-150 microns. The density of fly ash is 2-2.5 g / cm ³ , bulk density is 0.85-1.05 g / cm ³ , specific surface area is 1150-1280 cm ² / g.

Chemical compositions: oxide and elemental shale ash are presented in tables 1 and 2.

It is known that the main condition for expanding the composition when it is heated is the combination of the pyroplastic state of the composition with intense gas evolution inside the material to be fired over time. The pyroplastic state of the composition will be ensured by liquid glass and the clay component in the shale ash, and gas evolution - the content of organic waste in these wastes (pp in Table 1 and C in Table 2).

The following components were used to prepare the raw mix:

1) salable sodium liquid glass with a density of 1.41 g / cm ³ (see GOST 13075-81);

2) sodium chloride (GOST 13830-97, manufactured by Bassol OJSC), ground to a size of less than 0.3 mm;

3) as a finely ground component - shale ash.

Information confirming the possibility of carrying out the invention. Compositions (table 3) for the production of porous aggregate was prepared by thoroughly mixing all the components, similar to the technology presented in the prototype. The mixture was produced in a forced action mixer in the following order. First, a finely ground component and sodium chloride were loaded into the mixer, which were thoroughly mixed, then sodium glass was poured into the finished dry mixture with the mixer turned on. Mixing was carried out until a homogeneous mass, but not less than 5 minutes.

The resulting mixture with a system of knives was cut into individual granules, which were heat treated at 250-300 ° C in an oven granulator, swelling at the same time and forming spherical highly porous granules. The obtained granules were placed in an electric furnace heated to a temperature of 790 ° C, and kept there for 10 minutes. After isothermal exposure, the granules were cooled at a cooling rate of 40 ° C / min. Physico-mechanical properties of the porous aggregate are presented in table 4.

As can be seen from table 4, the porous aggregates of the proposed compositions have higher compressive strength and softening coefficient than the prototype.

The technical solution using the proposed compositions allows to increase the compressive strength and softening coefficient of the porous aggregate.

The use of technogenic raw materials in the production of porous aggregate contributes to the utilization of industrial waste, environmental protection, and the expansion of the raw material base for ceramic materials.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. Denisov D.Yu. The use of coal flotation waste in the production of expanded clay / D.Yu. Denisov, I.V. Kovkov, V.Z. Abdrakhimov // Bashkir Chemical Journal. - 2008. - Volume 15. - No. 2. - S. 107-109.

2. Patent No. 2481286 of the Russian Federation, IPC С04В 14/24. Composition for the production of waterproof porous aggregate / Abdrakhimov V.Z., Semenychev V.K., Abdrakhimova E.S., Vdovina E.V .; applicant and patent holder Samara Academy of State and Municipal Administration; claimed 06/29/2011; publ. 05/10/2013. Bull. 13.

Claims (1)

Composition for the production of porous aggregate, including sodium liquid glass with a density of 1.41 g / cm ³ and sodium chloride, ground to a size of less than 0.3 mm, characterized in that it further comprises shale ash containing, wt.%: SiO ₂ - 30.8, Al ₂ O ₃ - 13.8, Fe ₂ O ₃ - 7.2, MgO - 1.4, CaO - 15.2, R ₂ O - 4.2, pp - 27.4 in the following ratio of components, wt.%:
sodium liquid glass with a density of 1.41 g / cm ³ 50-75 sodium chloride, ground to a size of less than 0.3 mm 1-3 shale ash, wt.%: SiO ₂ - 30.8, Al ₂ O ₃ - 13.8, Fe ₂ O ₃ - 7.2, MgO - 1.4, CaO - 15.2, R ₂ O - 4.2, p.p.p. - 27.4 22-49