RU2542105C1 - Opener for double-row planting - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: coulter comprises a hollow housing with a flat working surface of the bearing cheek. The opener also comprises a sealing heel, a seed-guide and a furrow-forming unit. The furrow-forming unit is made in the form of a chisel mounted in the front part of the opener. The cheeks converge from the place of mounting to the chisel to the trailing edges.

EFFECT: improvement of the uniformity of embedding seeds on depth.

1 dwg

Description

The patented invention relates to agricultural engineering, namely to openers, and can be used for shallow and evenly deep seeding of vegetable seeds in the soil with two-line sowing.

Known crawler coulter (see USSR AS No. 1187737, A01C 7/20, 1985), containing cheeks and a furrow former located between them for two-line sowing.

However, this coulter has a large distance between the cheeks and a small clearance between the furrow former and the cheek, which causes not only sticking, especially on moist soil, but also clogging the coulter with soil when the coulter enters the soil or stops the drill when the coulter is in the working position.

These shortcomings cause uneven in depth seed placement.

Known opener (see USSR AS No. 1683533, A01C 7/20, 1991, BI No. 38), adopted for the prototype, consisting of a hollow shoe, the working surface of which is made in the form of a support ski, and the day surface is made according to the movement of the coulter is convex, which eliminates the delay of soil that has fallen on the surface of the shoe.

The disadvantage of this coulter is that the bottom of the formed furrows consists of dry soil, since wedge-shaped runners press the dry soil from top to bottom, and the seeds are sealed with dry soil through rings, without disturbing the shape of the furrows.

When such a coulter works on moist soil, the soil sticks to rather long wedge-shaped runners due to which the uniform depth of seed placement is not maintained.

The disadvantage of this coulter is the uneven coating of the surface of the soil with the seeds sown with soil coming down from the surface of the shoe, which may not appear on the shoe, or may be too much.

In the patented opener, the aim is to increase the uniformity of seed placement in the soil in depth.

The coulter consists of a hollow body, the working surface of which is the bottom, made in the form of a flat plate on which two pairs of cheeks are fixed, performing two-line sowing. The cheeks themselves are attached to the stand directly behind the working surface of the furrower. The furrower is a chisel, the rack of which is attached to the frontal part of the opener. Behind the chisel between the cheeks a sealing heel is installed, along the upper plane of which the seeds roll down to the bottom of the furrow formed by the sealing part of the heel.

The cheeks from the place of attachment to the bit and to the output edges converge. The achieved reduction in pressure of the cheeks on the soil of the side walls of the furrows, as well as the presence of a compacting heel, prevents sticking of the soil to the surface of the cheeks and clogging of the soil between the cheeks in the sowing zone, as well as when lowering the coulter in the working position or when the drill is stopped when the coulter is in working position.

With such an installation of the cheeks, the furrow walls formed by the working surface of the chisels are not compacted, so the seeds sown in the furrow are sealed with moist loose soil of the crumbling furrow walls.

The flat working surface of the coulter body, aligning the surface along the width of the coulter, provides a stable depth of the furrow forger, which throws the soil onto the field surface under the approaching working surface of the coulter body. In this case, the non-compacted bottom of the furrow formed by the chisel is densified by the fifth.

The combination of the flat bottom of the coulter with the frontal position of the chisels, with the sealing heel and the approaching cheeks from the attachment point to the chisel and to the outlet edges prevents not only sticking of the working surface of the coulter and cheeks, but also reduces the effort required to enter the coulter into the soil, in general, this arrangement expands its technological capabilities and, most importantly, stabilizes the depth of seed placement, thereby ensuring the achievement of the goal.

An analysis of the prior art by the applicant, including a search by patent and scientific and technical sources of information, and identification of sources containing information about analogues of the declared opener for two-line sowing, revealed that the applicant did not find an analogue for the opener, characterized by a sign, all the essential features of the declared opener for two-line sowing.

Thus, the patented invention meets the criterion of "Novelty." To verify the compliance of the patented invention, a coulter for two-line planting, the criterion of "inventive step", the applicant conducted an additional search for known solutions to patent and scientific and technical sources of information. The search results showed that the patented invention, a coulter for two-line sowing, in combination of distinctive features does not fall under the well-known technical solutions and does not follow explicitly from the prior art for specialists.

Figure 1 shows the described opener for two-line sowing.

The coulter includes a hollow body 1, a day surface 2, a working surface - a bottom 3, chisels 4, cheeks 5, a sealing heel 6 and seed guides 7.

The coulter is stiffened by end surfaces.

Seeding carried out by the opener is implemented in the following sequence. When the unit moves, furrow-forming chisels eject soil onto the field surface under the approaching working surface of the coulter body, which aligns the field surface with the coulter width, and not the densified furrow bottom formed by the chisel is immediately compacted by the fifth. At the same time, the cheeks attached to the chisel do not condense the side walls of the formed furrow and do not allow them to crumble before laying the seeds on the compacted fifth bottom of the furrow, behind the outlet edges of the cheeks, the loose moist soil of the walls of the furrows crumbles and covers the sown seeds.

This coulter arrangement provides a stable seed placement depth.

Using the proposed opener for two-line sowing in seeders will increase the field germination of seeds by stabilizing the depth of sowing and seeding them with moist soil.

Information sources

1. USSR author's certificate No. 1187737, A01C 7/20, 1985, BI No. 40.

2. USSR author's certificate No. 1683533, A01C 7/20, 1991, BI No. 38.

Claims (1)

Two-row seeding coulter consisting of a hollow body with a flat working surface of the bearing cheek, with a sealing heel, with seed guides, characterized in that it has a furrower made in the form of a chisel installed in the frontal part of the coulter, cheeks from the place of attachment to the chisel and to the weekend edges come together.