RU2810522C1 - Anchor opener for seeder - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural machinery.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to coulters for planting seeds and fertilizers in relation to no-till crop production technologies. The anchor opener 1 for the seeder for zero technology comprises a wedge-shaped part 2, a chisel 3, a stand 4, a seed tube 5 and a metal guide pipe 6. The wedge-shaped part 2 and the chisel 3 are made integral with the stand 4 and are located in the lower part of the latter. A hard alloy plate 7 with a sharp point of 65-67 is fixed on the surface of the chisel 3° , and the lower edge of the wedge-shaped part 2 is bevelled at an angleε = 5-8° down to the horizon. There is a protective casing 8 installed behind the guide metal pipe 6, which is curved along the contour of the rear part of the rack 4, made in the shape of a half ring. The lower edge of the latter is inclined towards the bottom of the groove, and the posterior peripheral part of the semiring has an oval window. There is a fixing ring 10 fixed in the lower part of the rack 4 and fastening plates 9 attached to the guide metal pipe 6 of the seed tube 5, providing the ability to quickly fix the seed tube 5 on the rack 4 during installation and dismantling of the anchor opener.

EFFECT: reduction in the energy intensity of the seed sowing process, the possibility of obtaining a smooth compacted surface of the bottom of the furrow, a uniform seed planting depth, and obtaining a uniform surface relief of the seed covering surface.

2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, namely to coulters for planting seeds and fertilizers in relation to no-till crop production technologies.

There are known devices for anchor coulters Author's certificates SU No. 400257, No. 829013, No. 1630641 intended for sowing seeds and fertilizers, which have a wedge-shaped toe of the anchor coulter or are equipped with a curved cutting edge. However, these devices do not provide a compacted furrow bottom for placing seeds and have poor quality of subsequent furrow sealing.

Known sowing complexes are “Bistritsa” S-BPS, Bourgault 8810, 3320, John Deere 1830/1835, SKP-2.2, DA “Omichka”, equipped with anchor coulters. General disadvantages of using anchor coulters in these seeding systems: insufficient compaction of the bottom of the furrow when placing seeds, removal of wet soil from the seed placement area and poor-quality sealing of the furrow with plant seeds.

Known Eurasian patent No. 022549, publ. 01/29/2016 , on a seeder for applying seeds and/or fertilizers, where two depth control rollers are attached to each coulter in order to guide the coulters at a depth in the soil and partially return the soil thrown out of it by the coulter to the side into the furrow for sowing. Disadvantages of the invention: the absence of a compacted furrow bottom for laying seeds and poor quality of subsequent placement of seeds in the furrow.

Utility model RU No. 210609, publ., was chosen as the closest analogue. 12/20/2021, which describes a combined anchor opener for zero technology, containing a wedge-shaped part with a chisel, a stand, a seed pipe, a fertilizer pipe, sealers and furrow formers.

The disadvantages of this device include the use of furrow formers, which are located below the level of the bit toe. This solution increases the traction resistance of the moving coulter in the soil, i.e. the energy intensity of the seed sowing process; in addition, this device does not provide a flat, compacted surface of the furrow bottom for laying seeds, and furrow formers do not provide a uniform depth of seed planting. The natural oscillatory movements of the lateral seals on elastic leads also do not provide a uniform relief of the surface of the furrow closure.

The technical result of the present invention is to improve the quality of seed placement, which consists in reducing the energy intensity of the seed sowing process, the possibility of obtaining a smooth compacted surface of the bottom of the furrow, a uniform depth of seed planting and obtaining a uniform relief of the seed covering surface.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the wedge-shaped part and the opener bit are made integral with the stand and are located in the lower part of the latter, and on the surface of the bit a hard alloy plate with a sharp point of 65-67º is fixed, and the lower edge of the wedge-shaped part is beveled at an angle ε=5-8º down to the horizon, while there is a protective casing installed behind the guide metal pipe, which is curved along the contour of the rear part of the rack, made in the form of a semi-ring, the lower edge of which is inclined towards the bottom of the furrow, and the rear peripheral part of the semi-ring has an oval window, providing, together , the ability to protect against soil getting into the furrow at the moment the seeds fall there, and then soil falling into the furrow onto the surface of the seeds located there. There is also a fixing ring fixed at the bottom of the stand and fastening plates attached to the guide metal pipe of the seed tube, thereby providing the ability to quickly fix the seed tube on the stand during installation and dismantling of the anchor opener.

The essence of the invention is clarified by drawings: Fig. 1 shows a side view of the anchor opener structure. In fig. 2 front view. In fig. Figure 3 shows a general view of the anchor coulter stand. In fig. 4 is a view C of FIG. 3; in fig. 5 section A-A according to Fig. 1.

The anchor opener 1 for the seeder for zero technology contains a wedge-shaped part 2, a bit 3, a stand 4, a seed tube 5 and a guide metal pipe 6. The wedge-shaped part 2 and the bit 3 are made integral with the stand 4 and are located in the lower part of the latter, and on the surface of the bit 3 a hard alloy plate 7 with a sharp point of 65-67º is fixed, and the lower edge of the wedge-shaped part 2 is beveled at an angle ε=5-8º down to the horizon. There is a protective casing 8 installed behind the guide metal pipe 6, which is curved along the contour of the rear part of the rack 4, made in the shape of a half-ring, the lower edge of which is inclined towards the bottom of the furrow, and the rear peripheral part of the half-ring has an oval window. There is a fixing ring 10, fixed in the lower part of the rack 4 and fastening plates 9, attached to the guide metal pipe 6 of the seed tube 5, thereby providing the ability to quickly fix the seed tube 5 on the rack 4, when installing and dismantling the anchor opener 1.

Before work, combined anchor coulters of the declared design are installed on the seeder to perform sowing for zero technology.

The anchor opener works as follows.

When performing the technological operation of sowing, the bit 3 cuts a slit in the soil (see Fig. 1), displaces it on both sides of the anchor opener 1, and after that the displaced soil is thrown to the surface from the anchor opener 1 in horizontal directions. By means of the chisel 3 and the wedge-shaped part 2, beveled at an angle ε=5-8º to the horizon, a dense seed bed is created, into which seeds immediately fall from the seed tube 5, which allows the seeds to lie evenly on a hard surface.

Thus, the use of an anchor coulter for the seeder ensures a reduction in the energy intensity of the seed sowing process, the possibility of obtaining a smooth compacted surface of the bottom of the furrow, a uniform seed planting depth, and obtaining a uniform topography of the seed covering surface.

Claims (2)

1. An anchor opener for a seeder for zero technology, containing a wedge-shaped part, a chisel, a stand, a seed tube and a guide metal pipe, characterized in that the wedge-shaped part and the bit are made integral with the stand and are located in the lower part of the latter, and a hard plate is fixed to the surface of the bit alloy with a sharpening of 65-67°, and the lower edge of the wedge-shaped part is beveled at an angle ε = 5-8° down to the horizon, while there is a protective casing installed behind the guide metal pipe, which is curved along the contour of the rear part of the rack, made in the shape a semiring, the lower edge of which is inclined towards the bottom of the groove, and the posterior peripheral part of the semiring has an oval window. 2. Anchor opener according to claim 1, characterized in that in the lower part of the rack there is a fixing ring and fastening plates attached to the guide metal pipe of the seed tube, providing the ability to quickly fix the seed tube on the stand during installation and dismantling of the anchor opener.