RU2540590C2 - Hinged all-season equipment for municipal vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to equipment for municipal vehicles, namely to hinged all-season equipment for municipal vehicles. The equipment comprises an articulated crane mounted on the vehicle chassis, the front and rear cylindrical front brushes, the chute brush, the system of cavitators, a tank for reagents, a tank equipped with a basket repeating its shape to unload rubbish from the tank by the supply pipe made with the ability of heating, the vacuum pump for intake of snow, leaves, dust, snow-melting device for forced separation of the snow mass from the air and preliminary melting of snow.

EFFECT: use of the invention enables to clean roads effectively.

8 cl, 7 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to hinges used in the field of public utilities, and is aimed at cleaning roads, yards, areas, mowing grass and tree crowns, at any time of the year without changing attachments, as well as for processing collected snow and ice into melt water.

A device for processing snow (RU 101458) is known from the prior art, which consists in the fact that the melting chamber is divided along two into equal cavities by a partition having a valve that allows communicating and disconnecting the cavities, has drain valves and level overflow pipes in each cavity and a fuel tank in the form of a pipe is welded into the bottom of the melting chamber. This system is designed to dispose of a significant amount of snow.

The disadvantage of this method is that this device has a large size, complex design, leading to the need to have two systems for heating water and air, making it difficult to regulate operation and operation, certain fuel reserves are required.

A known method of cleaning and processing snow (RU 2009141438 A), according to which the snow is processed in heated tanks melting snow with further melting of the snow by supplying a reagent and using hot air and hot melt water, which is heated by using the heat of the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine .

The disadvantage of this method is the too low thermal energy of the exhaust gases, which are not able to heat enough water and air to effectively heat the snow at low temperatures.

Of the known closest in technical essence is the “Method and device for snow removal” (patent RU 2407855 C1), according to which snow is removed and processed directly at the place of removal, the snow is loaded into a heat-insulated heated tank mounted on a self-propelled vehicle with an unloading device, part of which is heated with a coolant. Partial heating of snow occurs due to the impact of powerful jets of melt water supplied from the hose, through which a mixture of air and snow passes. The final processing of snow into melt water occurs on a coil made of rectangular pipes.

The disadvantage of this method and device is that it does not provide sufficient efficiency of the process of processing snow into melt water, the power losses of the water jet for interaction with air are increased, there is no system for separating air and snow-ice mass, water in a vacuum acts as a barrier to the passage of air and snow. The inability to clean large areas due to the small size of the tank and the inability to divert snow to the side. It takes a long time to process snow at low temperatures due to the use of one method of snow heating without the use of combined principles.

The task to which the claimed invention is directed is the efficient cleaning and maintenance of the territory without changing attachments, on any chassis, at any time of the year with minimal costs for re-equipment and energy, using various devices and working methods on one device.

This problem is solved due to the fact that all-weather mounted equipment for municipal vehicles contains a crane, front and rear cylindrical front brushes, as well as a tray brush, cavitation system, reagent tank, and a tank equipped with a basket that repeats its shape for unloading garbage from the tank, a feed pipe made with the possibility of heating, a vacuum pump for collecting snow, foliage, dust, a snow-melting device for forcing separation of snow mass from air and preliminary snow heating.

 The equipment is also used on the chassis of any vehicle of universal all-weather equipment and its use in any weather conditions at any time of the year.

 The front cylindrical front brush together with the rear cylindrical front brush remove snow from the road section to the side or to the curb.

Tray brushes are designed to supply snow to the vacuum hole.

Tray brushes are located behind the front wheels of the car and have

adjustable spot of contact with the road surface, picking up snow pressed by the front wheels.

The snow-melting device is designed for forced heating of snow through the use of water energy and the dynamic laws of physics.

A snow-removing trap is installed on the frame of the car.

In the snow removal trap, a screw system is used to crush dense snow.

Mounted on the chassis:

- tank with installed in it:

- a vacuum device for the selection of snow, foliage, dust;

- a snow-melting device for forced separation of snow mass from air and preliminary heating of snow;

- two high-pressure hydraulic pumps for supplying water to a snow-melting device and removal and processing of snow and ice residues into melt water;

- the installation in the form of a coil is installed at the bottom, designed to heat water during transportation at low temperatures, which eliminates freezing of water;

- a basket, repeating the shape of the tank, for use as a hub for collected garbage during cleaning of the territory (a bag for collecting garbage is placed and straightened in the shape of a basket), a filter for rough cleaning of water during snow melting, and also used as a lifting cradle for servicing high-rise objects and unloading garbage from the vehicle tank;

- a container for a reagent, which can also be used for heating snow, as well as for treating roads with icy materials;

- two containers for various equipment and hoses, containers are located at the rear end of the car.

- two cylindrical brushes for quick cleaning of the road (removal of garbage and snow towards the curb), instead of the front brush, a snow blade can be used;

- two tray brushes for cleaning the territory and feeding to the vacuum gap;

- a crane with a burst sleeve for securing various devices, as well as for mounting and lifting the basket.

- a snow-removal bypass trap with blades, controlled in height, to grind and select snow removed using cylindrical brushes or a snow blade.

The technical result provided by the given set of signs is the effective cleaning of roads, adjacent territories, areas with subsequent packing of garbage, processing snow into melt water, watering lawns, mowing grass and tree crowns, use as a lifting device and so on under various weather conditions, without changing attachments, low maintenance and energy costs.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which depict:

Figure 1 is a General view.

Figure 2 - tank in section.

Figure 3 - the principle of operation of the manipulator.

Figure 4 - the principle of operation of the basket.

Figure 5 is a snow removal trap.

6 is a system for spreading a sand-salt mixture.

In FIG. 7 - reagent distribution system.

The claimed invention consists of:

1 - car chassis;

2 - tank;

3 - brush rear cylindrical frontal;

4 - front cylindrical frontal brush;

5 - a plow;

6 - tray brushes;

7 - a vacuum hole;

8 - snow saw device;

9 - basket;

10 - bypass snow supply trap;

11 - intake device;

12 - vacuum pumps;

13 - supply pipe;

14 - high pressure pumps;

15 - cavitation system;

16 - tooth;

17 - crane;

18 - clamps for securing the bag;

19 - a bag;

20 - reagent distribution system;

21 - tank for reagent;

22 - a container for sand;

23 - sand distribution system;

24 - rotor;

25 - castle.

The claimed device operates according to five different principles:

1. During quick snow removal, front (4) and rear (3) cylindrical frontal brushes fall onto the road surface. The drive motor is turned on and starts to spin the brushes around the axis, while the car is moving, the brushes rotate, throw snow from the road surface to the side, creating a track of pressed snow near the curb (or on it), which can be removed and processed later by the inventive device or the like him.

2. When cleaning the streets at any period of time, as well as when melting snow, two tray brushes (6) and a snow intake device (11) located under the car frame (the tray brushes (6) are located on the axis of movement of the front wheels, which ensures the removal of pressed snow from under the wheels of the car after its movement). Depending on the density of snow and the mass of the car, the driver remotely adjusts the contact spot of the brushes with the road surface. Turning on the vacuum device activates the vacuum pumps (12), which reduces the pressure in the tank and, according to the laws of physics, forces snow and air to be taken from the road surface through the intake hole (7) into the supply pipe. Snow picked up from the road surface passes through a heated feed pipe (13), a snow saw (8), a high pressure pump (14), a cavitation system (15) and enters the tank (2) in the form of melt water (heating occurs due to physical processes, energy transfer and heat transfer).

3. When removing snow previously formed on or near the curb surface, a funnel is mounted on the frame (1) with a feeding screw device mounted on it on the shaft (a snow removal trap (10)). To start cleaning, the driver, using the remote control installed in the car’s cabin, extends a snow-feeding trap (10) 90 degrees from the frame and lowers it until it comes into contact with the surface. Next, motors are turned on, which drive the feeding screw device and vacuum pumps (12). Snow during the movement of the feeding device due to its shape and the teeth located on it (16) begins to crush and, due to centripetal acceleration and the vacuum conveyor, gets into the tank through the feeding pipe, in which the snow is heated similarly to the description of paragraph 2. The auger consists of a snow removal trap from a set of individual teeth, which allows you to break the snow-ice mass of various densities into small fractions with its further supply to the vacuum system.

4. Removing garbage from the tank is carried out using a crane (17) and a basket (9), made in the form of repeating the shape of the tank (2). The basket (9) is removed from the tank using a crane (17) controlled by the operator from the cab of the car or from a stationary console, which also opens the casing of the basket. At the edges of the basket there are latches for fastening the bag (18), on which the bag (19) is attached. The bottom of the basket (9) is made in the form of two swing sashes, for removing the bag (19) to the floor surface, fixed by locks (25). The loader crane (17) can also perform functions of mowing lawns and tree crowns, watering roads or any other surfaces. For this, various equipment is installed on the clutch of the manipulator, expanding the functions of the car.

5. If it is necessary to treat the road with anti-icing means, the reagent is poured into the tank (21) and, when the feed system is turned on, is distributed through the holes located in the reagent distribution system (20) installed in the rear of the vehicle in the direction of travel. At the end of the car, a container (22) for filling with sand opens, after opening the damper, sand enters the distribution system (23) and, falling on the rotor (24), rotating parallel to the road, is scattered along the road.

Claims (8)

1. All-weather mounted equipment for municipal vehicles, containing a crane mounted on the chassis of the truck, front and rear cylindrical front brushes, as well as a tray brush, cavitation system, reagent tank, tank equipped with a basket that repeats its shape for unloading garbage from the tank , a feed pipe made with the possibility of heating, a vacuum pump for collecting snow, foliage, dust, a snow-melting device for forced separation of the snow mass from the air and preliminary heating of the snow. 2. Equipment for municipal vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that all-weather mounted equipment is used on the chassis of any vehicle in any weather conditions at any time of the year. 3. Equipment for municipal vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that the front cylindrical frontal brush is installed, which together with the rear cylindrical frontal brush remove snow from the road section to the side or to the curb. 4. Equipment for municipal vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that the tray brushes are designed for supplying snow to a vacuum hole. 5. Equipment for municipal vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that the tray brushes are located behind the front wheels of the car and, having an adjustable spot of contact with the road surface, pick up snow pressed by the front wheels. 6. Equipment for municipal vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that the snow melting device is designed for forced heating of snow through the use of water energy and the dynamic laws of physics. 7. Equipment for municipal vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that a snow removal trap is installed on the vehicle frame. 8. Equipment for municipal vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that a screw system is used in the snow removal trap for crushing dense snow.

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