RU162554U1 - VACUUM CLEANING MACHINE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A vacuum sweeper truck, consisting of a car chassis, a subframe, a hopper for collecting estimates with the possibility of dumping through the back cover, a fan to create a vacuum in the hopper, an internal combustion engine to drive a fan, one or two flexible suction pipelines located in one or in both lateral overhangs of the automobile chassis and equipped with budget pickers in the lower part, a device for supplying estimates to pickers, consisting of a tray brush on the outside of each a pick-up and a cylindrical brush, located under the frame of the car chassis, an additional flexible pipe for manual cleaning of the estimate located at the rear of the hopper, a humidification system of the estimate with the possibility of supplying water to at least the brushes and pick-ups, a hydraulic drive for rotating the brushes and for dumping the hopper pneumatic or hydraulic drive for moving brushes and pick-ups from the transport position to the working position and vice versa, characterized in that the torque for Water fan is transmitted from the internal combustion engine sequentially through a soft starter device driveline, an intermediate bearing support, and a V-belt peredachu.2. A machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a centrifugal clutch is used as a soft starter. 3. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a controlled friction clutch is used as a soft starter.

Description

The field of technology.

This utility model relates to the field of road-building equipment, designed for cleaning surfaces with hard surfaces from various kinds of contaminants, and can be used to clean debris and dust from roads, sidewalks, squares, and airfields.

The level of technology.

Currently, the prior art there are many options for cleaning machines, working on the principle of sweeping debris from the surface with the subsequent movement of the estimate in the hopper due to the vacuum available in the hopper.

Known vacuum sweeper (RF patent for utility model No. 39895), which includes a power plant mounted on the base chassis with a fan and a hopper for estimates. The machine also contains mounted on the rear of the chassis picker estimates connected to the fan, and a brush working element. The brush working element is formed by two tray brushes, which are rotated one towards the other in the direction that ensures the supply of the estimate captured by the brushes into the suction nozzle of the pick-up. Tray brushes are installed in the area between the rear of the chassis and the pick-up estimate.

The disadvantage of this machine is the location of the estimate picker on the machine axis, which is effective when cleaning surfaces with uniform pollution (for example, areas), while cleaning roads in the city, the greatest pollution is observed at the curb, and therefore the location of the estimate picker in the center of the machine is accompanied by increased energy costs for moving estimates.

Known vacuum sweeper (RF patent for utility model No. 52409) in the form of a trailer to the tractor, mainly to the tractor, and designed to perform various public works. The disadvantage of this machine is the hydraulic drive of the fan, which serves as a source of vacuum in the hopper, which reduces the energy efficiency of the machine, as it requires additional energy for cooling the hydraulic system.

Known road sweeper (RF patent for utility model No. 114327) based on a self-propelled automobile chassis. A cyclone hopper is installed on said chassis for collecting garbage by utilizing the effect of lowering atmospheric air pressure in the hopper, a humidification system including hydraulically connected primary and secondary tanks, a tank refueling unit formed by the neck of at least one of said tanks, and a filter installed therein for purifying water from mechanical impurities, a means of blowing water formed by a water pump and at least one nozzle fixed to the bottom of the road harvester. The device also has a power take-off unit, a hydraulic unit, as well as front and rear mounting plates. The cyclone hopper is equipped with a blade evacuation evacuator based on an internal combustion engine, or an electric motor, or a pneumatic motor, or a hydraulic motor and is equipped with at least one shaft in the interbase space of the self-propelled chassis for suctioning the estimate, positioned on the right and / or left side the said chassis, and a flexible sleeve with a tip for manual collection of garbage, removed from the cyclone hopper through the flap at the back of the road sweeper. Before the shaft end, which adjoins the surface to be cleaned, a cost estimator is installed, made in the form of at least one tray brush with the possibility of forced rotation. Mounting plates for mounting attachments are fixed on the front and rear sides of the vehicle’s self-propelled automobile chassis, each of which is equipped with at least two couplings hydraulically connected to the said hydraulic unit

By the set of essential features, this machine is taken as a prototype of the claimed utility model.

The disadvantage of this machine is its limited performance during operation in hot climates, since its description does not suggest an effective mechanism for transmitting power from the engine to the vacuum source in the hopper, which ensures minimal energy loss.

The objective of this utility model is to create a vacuum sweeper, more reliable and economical in operation, including in hot climates than analogues.

This problem is solved due to the fact that the proposed machine contains a car chassis, a subframe, a hopper for collecting estimates with the possibility of dumping through the lid located on the rear wall of the hopper, a fan to create a vacuum in the hopper, an internal combustion engine to drive a fan, one or two flexible suction piping located in the lateral overhangs of the automobile chassis and equipped at the bottom with estimate pickers, a device for supplying estimates to pickers, consisting of a tray brush with an outside It sides of each pick and the cylindrical brush, arranged under the frame of automobile chassis. The machine also contains an additional flexible pipeline with a shutter located at the rear of the hopper and used for manual cleaning of the estimate, a humidification system of the estimate with the ability to supply water to at least brushes and pick-ups, a hydraulic drive for rotating the brushes and for dumping the hopper, pneumatic or hydraulic drive for moving brushes and pick-ups from the transport position to the working position and vice versa. A feature of the machine is that the torque for the fan drive is transmitted from the internal combustion engine using a mechanical transmission, namely, through a sequentially arranged soft starter, cardan drive, an intermediate bearing support and V-belt drive.

The technical results of the utility model are:

- increased efficiency of the machine, due to the fact that the machine unit with the highest power consumption - fan - is driven by a mechanical transmission, which is characterized by a high efficiency;

- increased reliability of the machine, achieved by the use of a V-belt drive fan in the kinematic circuit of the drive, which allows short-term slippage during overloads without destroying the transmission elements;

- the possibility of using various types of internal combustion engines for the fan drive of the machine without significantly changing the rest of the machine structure, due to the fact that the kinematic circuit of the fan drive has a cardan drive, the change in length of which allows the installation of engines of different overall dimensions in one engine compartment.

Disclosure of a utility model.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a vacuum sweeper.

In FIG. 2 is a kinematic diagram of a mechanical transmission of a fan drive of a vacuum sweeper.

The machine has a basic automobile chassis 1 (Fig. 1). A hopper for estimates 3 is mounted on the frame of the base automobile chassis through an additional subframe 2, on the back wall of which there is a cover 4, a fan 5 is mounted on the subframe, an internal combustion engine 6, which serves to drive the fan, suction pipes 7 are mounted on the sides of the machine, at the bottom suction pipelines there are pickers estimate 8. On the outside of each pick-up there is a tray brush 9, between the pickers, under the frame of the car chassis there is a cylindrical brush 10. With days of the hopper side for the estimate, an additional suction pipe is installed 11. The machine also has a humidification system of estimate 12, a hydraulic drive 13 for rotating the brushes and for dumping the hopper, pneumatic or hydraulic drive 14 for moving the brushes and pick-ups from the transport position to the working position and back .

The kinematic diagram of the mechanical transmission of the machine fan drive is shown in FIG. 2. The mechanical transmission of the fan drive 20 consists of an internal combustion engine 15, a soft starter 16, a cardan drive 17, an intermediate bearing support 18, a V-belt drive 19. As a soft starter, a centrifugal clutch or a controlled friction clutch can be used.

Implementation of a utility model.

The manufacture of a vacuum sweeper is as follows. A subframe of the machine is made. Then the subframe is installed on the car chassis, after which all the components of the machine are installed on the subframe: the internal combustion engine, the fan, the elements of the mechanical transmission of the fan drive, the hopper for the estimate, the suction pipes, tray brushes, a cylindrical brush, the humidification system, hydraulic and pneumatic systems, electrical equipment and control system. The engine and its systems, the hydraulic system of the machine are refilled with working fluids, and the relative position of the components installed on the machine is adjusted and adjusted. Further, the machine passes tests to check the operability of all installed elements.

Vacuum sweeper works as follows.

When the soft starter 16 is switched off (Fig. 2), the engine 15 is started, then the soft starter 16 closes the kinematic chain between the engine and the cardan gear 17, thereby starting the fan 20 through the V-belt drive 19. In the event that as a smooth device a centrifugal clutch is used to start, the kinematic chain closes automatically when the engine reaches a certain speed, if a controlled friction clutch is used, then the kinematic chain closes oiskhodit by exposing it to the operator through the drive. A further increase in the engine speed leads to a synchronous increase in the fan speed until it reaches its nominal values. In the event of an overload in the kinematic circuit of the fan drive, for example, if the rotation speed of the drive motor increases too fast, or when the resistance on the fan wheel suddenly increases, the V-belt drive 19 slides, preventing mechanical damage to the fan drive elements.

The fan draws in air from the interior of the hopper to collect the estimate 3 (Fig. 1) and throws it out, thereby creating a vacuum in the hopper to collect the estimate. Further, the machine operator puts one of the pick-ups 8 (Fig. 1) into operation, together with the nearby tray brush 9, as well as the cylindrical brush 10. The vacuum created inside the hopper is transmitted through the suction pipe 7 to the pick-up 8. Then the machine starts moving. When the machine moves, the brushes 9 and 10, forming an estimate shaft, direct it to the pick-up 8, in which the estimate is captured, and enters the hopper 3 through the pipe 7. Since the interior of the hopper with respect to the suction pipe is a diffuser, the air flow rate it drops many times, due to this, fragments of the estimate are deposited inside the hopper. To reduce the effect of dust formation during cleaning, an estimate moistening system is used, by which sprayed water is supplied to the working area of the brushes 9 and 10, as well as pick-ups 8. If necessary, garbage can be removed from bins, piers and other hard-to-reach places, the machine operator can use an additional suction pipeline 11 located on the rear side of the hopper for collecting estimates, moving the tip of this pipeline manually.

At the end of the cleaning process, the contents of the estimate hopper are dumped unloading, while the cover 4 opens behind the hopper, the estimate hopper is lifted using a hydraulic actuator 13, after which the contents of the hopper are unloaded from it by gravity.

When the machine is operating, thanks to the mechanical drive of the fan, the engine power consumed by it is transmitted with minimal losses without using the hydraulic system of the machine, which prevents the need for energy costs for cooling the working fluid of the hydraulic system. Also, due to the V-belt drive fan in the mechanical drive, the drive system is protected from short-term overloads. And thanks to the presence of a cardan drive fan in the mechanical drive, it is possible to use engines of different overall dimensions in the production of the machine, changing only the length of the cardan shaft, without changing the rest of the machine layout.

Claims (3)

1. A vacuum sweeper truck, consisting of a car chassis, a subframe, a hopper for collecting estimates with the possibility of dumping through the back cover, a fan to create a vacuum in the hopper, an internal combustion engine to drive a fan, one or two flexible suction pipelines located in one or in both lateral overhangs of the automobile chassis and equipped with budget pickers in the lower part, a device for supplying estimates to pickers, consisting of a tray brush on the outside of each a pick-up and a cylindrical brush, located under the frame of the car chassis, an additional flexible pipe for manual cleaning of the estimate located at the rear of the hopper, a humidification system of the estimate with the possibility of supplying water to at least the brushes and pick-ups, a hydraulic drive for rotating the brushes and for dumping the hopper pneumatic or hydraulic drive for moving brushes and pick-ups from the transport position to the working position and vice versa, characterized in that the torque for Water fan is transmitted from the internal combustion engine sequentially through the starter, the driveline, an intermediate bearing support and V-belt transmission. 2. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a centrifugal clutch is used as a soft starter. 3. The machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a controlled friction clutch is used as a soft starter.

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