RU2434954C1 - Procedure for extraction of gold and palladium from concentrates - Google Patents
Procedure for extraction of gold and palladium from concentrates Download PDFInfo
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- RU2434954C1 RU2434954C1 RU2010125894/02A RU2010125894A RU2434954C1 RU 2434954 C1 RU2434954 C1 RU 2434954C1 RU 2010125894/02 A RU2010125894/02 A RU 2010125894/02A RU 2010125894 A RU2010125894 A RU 2010125894A RU 2434954 C1 RU2434954 C1 RU 2434954C1
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- Prior art keywords
- gold
- palladium
- extraction
- concentrates
- salt mixture
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011833 salt mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical group N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- PRORZGWHZXZQMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N azane;nitric acid Chemical compound N.O[N+]([O-])=O PRORZGWHZXZQMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical class O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000086 high toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfurothioic S-acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=S DHCDFWKWKRSZHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Изобретение относится к металлургии благородных металлов, в частности касается извлечения золота, палладия из минеральных концентратов, и может найти применение при переработке минерального сырья благородных металлов.The invention relates to the metallurgy of precious metals, in particular for the extraction of gold, palladium from mineral concentrates, and may find application in the processing of mineral raw materials of precious metals.
Основным методом извлечения золота из руд и концентратов в мировой практике золотодобычи является цианидный процесс. При всех достоинствах цианидного процесса у него имеется существенный недостаток - очень высокая токсичность цианистых солей. Наряду с цианированием известны методы выщелачивания золота из руд и концентратов с применением серной, соляной, азотной кислот, хлора и хлорсодержащих реагентов, брома, йода, тиомочевины, тиосульфата и других реагентов [1]. Так согласно способу извлечения золота (патент США №5013359 от 07.05.1991) рудную пульпу окисляют азотной кислотой или выщелачивание золота ведут раствором серной кислоты с продувкой кислородом (патент США №4979987 от 25.12.1990).The main method for extracting gold from ores and concentrates in the world practice of gold mining is the cyanide process. With all the advantages of the cyanide process, it has a significant drawback - the very high toxicity of cyanide salts. Along with cyanidation, methods are known for leaching gold from ores and concentrates using sulfuric, hydrochloric, nitric acids, chlorine and chlorine-containing reagents, bromine, iodine, thiourea, thiosulfate and other reagents [1]. So, according to the method of gold extraction (US patent No. 5013359 from 05/07/1991), the ore pulp is oxidized with nitric acid or the leaching of gold is carried out with a solution of sulfuric acid with oxygen purge (US patent No. 4979987 from 12/25/1990).
Известны способы извлечения золота и других благородных металлов из руд и концентратов путем выщелачивания раствором соляной кислоты в присутствии хлорсодержащих реагентов: FeCl3, CaCl2, MgCl2, NaCl (патент РФ №2041965 от 20.08.1995; А.С. ЧССР №241214 от 15.09.1987).Known methods for the extraction of gold and other noble metals from ores and concentrates by leaching with a solution of hydrochloric acid in the presence of chlorine-containing reagents: FeCl 3 , CaCl 2 , MgCl 2 , NaCl (RF patent No. 2041965 from 08.20.1995; A.S. Czechoslovakia No. 241214 from 09/15/1987).
Однако недостатком известных способов является использование растворов кислот, обуславливающих применение оборудования из специальных материалов и очистку стоков. Известен способ извлечения золота и некоторых платиноидов путем приготовления смеси сухих NH4Cl и NH4NO3 с рудой в соотношении 1:1 до 3:1 и возгона благородных металлов при температуре 233-871°С (патент США №3988415 от 26.10.1976).However, a disadvantage of the known methods is the use of acid solutions that condition the use of equipment from special materials and the treatment of effluents. A known method for the extraction of gold and some platinoids by preparing a mixture of dry NH 4 Cl and NH 4 NO 3 with ore in a ratio of 1: 1 to 3: 1 and sublimation of precious metals at a temperature of 233-871 ° C (US patent No. 3988415 from 10.26.1976 )
Наиболее близким по технической сущности к предлагаемому решению является способ извлечения золота и платиноидов из руд и концентратов, в котором руду или концентрат подвергают 2-3 часовому обжигу при температуре 400-600°С в присутствии 2-15% NH4NO3 либо щавелевой кислоты (патент ПНР №140800 от 30.01.1988). Выделяющаяся газовая фаза промывается раствором соляной кислоты, из раствора действием Na2S выделяется осадок, являющийся концентратом золота.The closest in technical essence to the proposed solution is a method for the extraction of gold and platinoids from ores and concentrates, in which the ore or concentrate is subjected to roasting for 2-3 hours at a temperature of 400-600 ° C in the presence of 2-15% NH 4 NO 3 or oxalic acid (NDP patent No. 140800 dated 01/30/1988). The evolving gas phase is washed with a solution of hydrochloric acid, a precipitate is formed by the action of Na 2 S, which is a gold concentrate.
К недостаткам известного способа следует отнести высокую температуру обработки и недостаточно полное извлечение золота (76%).The disadvantages of this method include the high processing temperature and insufficiently complete extraction of gold (76%).
Технической задачей, на решение которой направлено предлагаемое изобретение, является обеспечение высокой степени извлечения золота, палладия из концентратов при безкислородном ведении процесса.The technical problem to which the invention is directed is to provide a high degree of extraction of gold, palladium from concentrates with an oxygen-free process.
Решение поставленной задачи достигается тем, что в способе извлечения благородных металлов процесс ведут путем термообработки минеральных концентратов с двухкомпонентной солевой смесью, взятой в количестве 5-20% массы концентрата, при температуре 220-280°C в течение 0,5-1,5 часа. Солевую смесь составляют из аммония азотнокислого и аммония надсернокислого в соотношении NH4NO3:(NH4)2S2O8 (1:1). Термообработанную минеральную смесь промывают водой, при этом золото и палладий переходят в раствор. Из раствора металлы выделяют традиционными способами, например золото осаждают сульфитом натрия (Na2SO3) или цинковым порошком. Температурный интервал обработки концентратов 220-280°C обусловлен температурой плавления солевой смеси, проявляющей повышенную реакционную способность по отношению к благородным металлам в этом интервале. Нагрев выше 300°C не улучшает результатов извлечения полезных компонентов.The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that in the method of extraction of precious metals, the process is carried out by heat treatment of mineral concentrates with a two-component salt mixture, taken in an amount of 5-20% by weight of the concentrate, at a temperature of 220-280 ° C for 0.5-1.5 hours . The salt mixture is composed of ammonium nitrate and ammonium sulfate in the ratio of NH 4 NO 3 : (NH 4 ) 2 S 2 O 8 (1: 1). The heat-treated mineral mixture is washed with water, while gold and palladium pass into solution. Metals are isolated from the solution by conventional methods, for example, gold is precipitated with sodium sulfite (Na 2 SO 3 ) or zinc powder. The temperature range for processing concentrates 220-280 ° C is due to the melting temperature of the salt mixture, which exhibits increased reactivity with respect to noble metals in this range. Heating above 300 ° C does not improve the recovery of useful components.
Примеры реализации способаMethod implementation examples
Пример 1Example 1
Извлечение золота и палладия из концентрата полиметаллической руды. Содержание золота - 90 г/т, палладия - 140 г/т.Extraction of gold and palladium from a concentrate of polymetallic ore. Gold content - 90 g / t, palladium - 140 g / t.
1 кг концентрата смешивают с реагентом. В качестве реагента используют солевую смесь NH4NO3:(NH4)2S2O8 (1:1), взятую в количестве 20% массы концентрата, минеральную смесь нагревают в течение 1,5 часа при температуре 220-280°C. По окончании реакции минеральную смесь промывают водой, отделяют твердую фазу от раствора. В растворе определяют содержание золота, палладия и остаточное содержание благородных металлов в твердой фазе. Извлечение золота в раствор составляет 90%, палладия - 96%.1 kg of concentrate is mixed with the reagent. The reagent used is a salt mixture of NH 4 NO 3 : (NH 4 ) 2 S 2 O 8 (1: 1), taken in an amount of 20% by weight of the concentrate, the mineral mixture is heated for 1.5 hours at a temperature of 220-280 ° C . At the end of the reaction, the mineral mixture is washed with water, the solid phase is separated from the solution. The solution determines the content of gold, palladium and the residual content of noble metals in the solid phase. The recovery of gold in the solution is 90%, palladium - 96%.
Пример 2Example 2
Извлечение золота из концентрата железистой руды, содержащего 300 г/т золота.Extraction of gold from iron ore concentrate containing 300 g / t of gold.
1 кг концентрата смешивают с реагентом. В качестве реагента используют солевую смесь NH4NO3:(NH4)2S2O8 (1:1), взятую в количестве 15% массы концентрата. Минеральную смесь нагревают в течение 1 часа при температуре 260-280°C. Реакционную массу промывают водой, отделяют твердую фазу от раствора фильтрованием. Определяют содержание золота в растворе и остаточное содержание золота в твердой фазе. По данным анализа извлечение золота в раствор составляет 90%.1 kg of concentrate is mixed with the reagent. The reagent used is a salt mixture of NH 4 NO 3 : (NH 4 ) 2 S 2 O 8 (1: 1), taken in an amount of 15% by weight of the concentrate. The mineral mixture is heated for 1 hour at a temperature of 260-280 ° C. The reaction mass is washed with water, the solid phase is separated from the solution by filtration. The gold content in the solution and the residual gold content in the solid phase are determined. According to the analysis, the recovery of gold in the solution is 90%.
Источники информацииInformation sources
1. Лодейщиков В.В. Техника и технология извлечения золота из руд за рубежом. - М.: Металлургия. 1973. 288 с.1. Lodeishchikov VV Technique and technology for the extraction of gold from ores abroad. - M.: Metallurgy. 1973. 288 p.
2. Патент США 5013359. Опубликован 07.05.1991 г.2. US patent 5013359. Published on 05/07/1991
3. Патент США 4979987. Опубликован 25.12.1990 г.3. US patent 4979987. Published December 25, 1990
4. Патент РФ 2041965. Опубликован 20.08.1995 г.4. RF patent 2041965. Published on 08/20/1995
5. А.С. ЧССР 241214. Опубликован 15.09.1987 г.5. A.S. Czechoslovakia 241214. Published on September 15, 1987.
6. Патент США 3988415. Опубликован 26.10.1976 г.6. US patent 3988415. Published on 10/26/1976
7. Патент ПНР140800. Опубликован 30.01.1988 г.7. Patent PNR140800. Published 01/30/1988
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU2010125894/02A RU2434954C1 (en) | 2010-06-24 | 2010-06-24 | Procedure for extraction of gold and palladium from concentrates |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU2010125894/02A RU2434954C1 (en) | 2010-06-24 | 2010-06-24 | Procedure for extraction of gold and palladium from concentrates |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| RU2434954C1 true RU2434954C1 (en) | 2011-11-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| RU2010125894/02A RU2434954C1 (en) | 2010-06-24 | 2010-06-24 | Procedure for extraction of gold and palladium from concentrates |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3988415A (en) * | 1973-06-14 | 1976-10-26 | William Morrison Barr | Recovery of precious metal values from ores |
| EP0119685A1 (en) * | 1983-01-18 | 1984-09-26 | Morris John Vreugde Beattie | Hydrometallurgical arsenopyrite process |
| US4551213A (en) * | 1984-05-07 | 1985-11-05 | Duval Corporation | Recovery of gold |
| PL140800B1 (en) * | 1984-09-01 | 1987-05-30 | Roman J Faranski | Method of recovering gold and metals of platinum family from polymetallic ores and their concentrates |
| US5458866A (en) * | 1994-02-14 | 1995-10-17 | Santa Fe Pacific Gold Corporation | Process for preferentially oxidizing sulfides in gold-bearing refractory ores |
| RU2113526C1 (en) * | 1997-03-18 | 1998-06-20 | Закрытое акционерное общество "Интегра" | Method for processing rebellious ores of noble metals |
| RU2114196C1 (en) * | 1995-09-19 | 1998-06-27 | Клиблей Генри Хадыевич | Method of hydrometallurgical recovery of rare metals from technologically persistent raw material |
| WO2003091463A1 (en) * | 2002-04-23 | 2003-11-06 | Outokumpu, Oyj | Method for the recovery of gold |
| RU2244760C1 (en) * | 2004-04-16 | 2005-01-20 | Кадыров Гайрат Хамидуллаевич | Method for metal recovery from technologically proof raw materials |
-
2010
- 2010-06-24 RU RU2010125894/02A patent/RU2434954C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3988415A (en) * | 1973-06-14 | 1976-10-26 | William Morrison Barr | Recovery of precious metal values from ores |
| EP0119685A1 (en) * | 1983-01-18 | 1984-09-26 | Morris John Vreugde Beattie | Hydrometallurgical arsenopyrite process |
| US4551213A (en) * | 1984-05-07 | 1985-11-05 | Duval Corporation | Recovery of gold |
| PL140800B1 (en) * | 1984-09-01 | 1987-05-30 | Roman J Faranski | Method of recovering gold and metals of platinum family from polymetallic ores and their concentrates |
| US5458866A (en) * | 1994-02-14 | 1995-10-17 | Santa Fe Pacific Gold Corporation | Process for preferentially oxidizing sulfides in gold-bearing refractory ores |
| RU2114196C1 (en) * | 1995-09-19 | 1998-06-27 | Клиблей Генри Хадыевич | Method of hydrometallurgical recovery of rare metals from technologically persistent raw material |
| RU2113526C1 (en) * | 1997-03-18 | 1998-06-20 | Закрытое акционерное общество "Интегра" | Method for processing rebellious ores of noble metals |
| WO2003091463A1 (en) * | 2002-04-23 | 2003-11-06 | Outokumpu, Oyj | Method for the recovery of gold |
| RU2244760C1 (en) * | 2004-04-16 | 2005-01-20 | Кадыров Гайрат Хамидуллаевич | Method for metal recovery from technologically proof raw materials |
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