RU2430236C2 - Method of combined development of coal minefield - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: method involves overburden operations and extraction of beds projecting under accretions with the pit so that projections are formed. Mine field is divided into panels throughout the length of working edge of the pit; on the projection adjacent to output of coal bed there formed is intermediate platform from which the bed is drilled as per deep coal bed development procedure (DCBDP). First, inclined overburden operations are performed along the boundaries of each panel to the depth specified in DCBDP certificate, which are then deepened, enlarged and reinforced with pithead frame, thus forming the main and flank slopes. Then, the bed is drilled in the space between the main and flank slops by making inclined working-outs mainly at the bed soil and assuming the distance between them by three or four times more than it is specified with DCBDP. As the bed is drilled in the direction from the main slopes to flank slopes, preparation of extraction pillar is performed in the area of worked-out DCBDP; at that, pillar is oriented at small slope towards the main drilling working-outs for arrangement of gravity-flowing water removal. Processing of the rest deposits is performed in long extraction pillars with mechanised devices in descending order.

EFFECT: increasing development efficiency of coal minefield owing to increasing the intensity of mining operations.

2 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to mining, in particular to combined, open-underground mining of coal seams, and can be used in coal mining from shallow seams.

A known method of combined coal mining, including the extraction of coal by an open pit method in a quarry, carrying out contouring workings from the pit, installation of a mechanized complex on the pit soil and the extraction of coal by underground methods of complex mechanization [1]. The disadvantage of this method is that when the mechanized complex is deepened into the coal mass, the conditions for ventilation of the working face are sharply worsened, as well as the increased complexity of organizing work to enter the mechanized complex into the coal mass.

The closest analogue, adopted as a prototype, is a method of combined coal mining, including conducting overburden operations and excavation of seams emerging under sediments, a quarry with the formation of ledges; formation drilling using the technology of deep mining of coal seams (FGR); dividing the mine field on the panel by carrying out inclined openings at their boundaries along the seam, preparing excavation columns between the inclined openings and underground mining of coal by means of complex mechanization [2]. The disadvantages of the prototype are:

- increased coal losses in the bowels due to the need to leave pillars between the workings carried out by the deep seam mining complex, and the barrier pillar between the fracturing operations and the nearest extraction column;

- weak intensification of the development of a coal deposit, associated with a consistent transition from open-pit mining to open-underground and further to underground.

These shortcomings reduce the efficiency of coal development.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the development of a coal deposit by increasing the intensity of mining by combining development methods, moving from open coal mining to open-underground, and from it to underground, and combining them in time.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the method of combined development of a coal deposit, which includes conducting overburden operations and excavation of seams leaving under sediments, a quarry with the formation of ledges; formation drilling using the technology of deep mining of coal seams; carrying out inclined openings in the reservoir; the preparation of the extraction columns between the inclined workings and the underground mining of coal by means of complex mechanization, the drilling of the formation is carried out from the ledge of the quarry, the width of the ledge of the quarry from which the drilling of the formation is taken, taking into account the placement of the equipment of the deep mining complex on it and the organization of rock transport from open works ; along the entire length of the working board of the quarry is divided into panels, inclined opening workings are carried out along the borders of each panel with a deep development complex; formation drilling using deep mining technology is carried out between the opening inclined workings of the panel; the preparation of the excavation column is carried out as the formation is drilled in the zone worked out by the deep mining complex, and the mining column is oriented at a slight slope towards the main inclined opening workings, and the distance between the workings conducted by the deep mining complex is three to four times more than the routine.

The method is illustrated by schemes for the combined development of coal seams. Figure 1 shows a diagram of the opening and development of a coal seam suite for combined coal mining; figure 2 is the same plan view.

The method can be implemented as follows. The retinue of coal seams 1, 2, 3, 4 within the boundaries of the mining allotment of a coal mine is prepared for excavation by removing overburden rocks with the formation of ledges 5, 6, 7, 8 for organizing coal transport and overburden. The full length of the working board of the quarry is divided into panels. On a ledge associated with the output of a coal seam of working capacity, for example, a ledge 7 and bed 2, an industrial site 9 is formed on which the equipment of the deep formation development complex 10 (GGRF) is mounted, the width of this ledge is taken taking into account the organization of transport of rock mass from open work .

With complex 10, at first, one or two inclined workings are drilled at one border of the panel, which are then extended, expanded and secured with a shaft support, thereby constructing the main slopes 11. Then, two inclined workings are drilled at the other border of the panel and the flank slopes are constructed in the same way 12. Then, in the space between the main and flank slopes are working on the extraction of coal from the inclined workings 13, conducted near the soil of the reservoir and oriented along the line of its fall. In this case, the distance between the inclined workings is taken equal to three to four times the distance due to the technological parameters of the use of hydraulic fracturing. The depth of the inclined workings 13 take in accordance with the technical characteristics of the fracturing.

As the treatment work is carried out by the complex of hydraulic fracturing, starting from the main slopes towards the flanks, preparatory workings are carried out, thus cutting the excavation column 14, and the preparatory workings are carried out at a slight angle towards the main slopes to organize drainage from the extraction column.

After the completion of the treatment works by complex 10, within the boundaries of the panel, these works are transferred to the neighboring panel in the same way, and in this, after the preparatory work is completed in the extraction column 14, underground treatment works are started, using a high-performance mechanized treatment complex. Coal is completely removed from the extraction column 14. The subsequent coal mining operations in this panel are carried out underground using long mining columns 15, 16, 17 using complex mechanization means.

Due to the extraction of coal by the deep mining complex and the significant combination of preparatory underground work, an intensive transition from open to underground coal mining is carried out; this removes coal from the pillar between the quarry and the mine.

Due to the implementation of inclined workings drilled by hydraulic fracturing, near the formation soil and increasing the distance between them, the stability of not only the inter-chamber pillars, but also the loose workings themselves increases. This, in turn, helps to improve ventilation and drainage in the extraction column.

Due to the expansion, deepening and fastening of the already completed extreme inclined workings of the developed panel, the capital costs for the formation of the main and flank slopes are reduced, the conditions for their ventilation and the organization of work are improved.

Due to the use of part of the inclined workings as slopes, a Bremsberg ventilation scheme for subsequent excavation columns is organized, which improves the conditions for their development.

By combining open-pit, open-underground and underground mining and combining them in time, an increase is achieved not only in the completeness of coal extraction, but also in the intensity of development of the deposit.

The listed circumstances, in our opinion, indicate an increase in the efficiency of development of a coal deposit, and this is the purpose of the invention.

Information sources

1. The method of isolation of the installation site when mining a coal seam from the surface. RF patent No. 1751334, publ. 07/30/1992, bull. No. 28 (analogue).

2. The method of combined development of shallow seams of coal deposits. RF patent No. 2312218, publ. 12/10/2007, bull. No. 34 (prototype).

Claims (1)

A method for the combined development of a coal field, including overburden operations and excavation of seams leaving under sediments, a quarry with the formation of ledges, drilling a seam using the technology of deep development of coal seams, conducting inclined openings in the seam, preparing excavation columns between inclined openings and underground coal mining using complex mechanization, characterized in that the drilling of the formation is carried out from the ledge of the quarry, the width of the ledge of the quarry from which the drilling asta, taking into account the placement on it of the equipment of the deep mining complex and the organization of rock mass transport from open cast mining, the working side of the quarry is divided into panels along the entire length, inclined openings are carried out along the borders of each panel with a deep mining complex, the formation is drilled using deep mining technology carried out between the opening inclined workings of the panel, the preparation of the excavation column is carried out as the formation is drilled in the zone worked out by the complex of deep mining s, and the extraction pillar is oriented at a slight incline toward the main inclined reveals the workings, and the distance between the excavations, carried out deep development of complex reservoirs, taking three to four times as many of the procedural.

Images