RU2423184C1 - Centrifugal dressing apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to dressing of minerals, particularly, to dressing equipment and may be used for concentration of ore and industrial ferrous and non-ferrous products in fluid medium. Proposed centrifugal dressing apparatus comprises stationary housing, pulp box, and drive shaft supporting hollow truncated cone with smaller base up ward, and impeller. Truncated cone stepped inside section features annular groove made at base of each step. Truncated cone outer surface has holes communicated with annular grooves. Separation deflectors made up of hollow truncated cones with larger bases directed downward are arranged at bottom inner surface, with clearance relative to cone, and fixed on drive shaft. Deflector arranged above that arranged below features larger clearance. Apparatus is provided with three stationary annular separation product boxes.

EFFECT: higher separation efficiency.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of mineral processing, in particular to mineral processing equipment, and can be used to enrich ores and intermediate products of non-ferrous and ferrous metals in a liquid medium.

A known centrifugal concentrator, close to the invention in design (http://www.new-technologies.spd.ru/article/ckpp_star1.pdf-114.733 bytes).

There are many different designs, but their main drawback is the quick insertion of a mineral bed filling the grooves between the ring flutes on the inner surface of the trapping organ of a conical or spherical shape. In the industrial enrichment of ores and sands, the need for frequent stops for concentrate removal and the difficulty of rinsing due to the pressing of the concentrate even for short intervals of operation hinder the widespread use of centrifugal concentrators. Their modifications are “Proba” -2M, POU, PURS.

Known centrifugal separators with jigging (RU 2238149 C2, 20.10.2004, B03B 5/10, 8 s. / 1 /), operating on the principle of separation of materials in a centrifugal field when they are deposited in a pulsating stream of an aqueous suspension, are designed to separate small and thin particles of minerals in density. Its disadvantage is the complex design of the device, respectively, complicated repair work, it is difficult to bring to operating mode, instability in work.

The closest device to the claimed invention in terms of features is a "Centrifugal, classifying, processing unit" (CKOA) (RU 2353433 C2, 05/10/2007, IPC V03V 5/32).

It is known that in centrifugal fields there is a sharp increase in the rate of fall of mineral grains in water. In this case, the pulp is unwound by the impeller and centrifugal force is discarded to the upper part of the stratification surface of the mineral grains. The stratification surface is the rotating inner part of the truncated cone installed by the base with a large diameter for unloading, the stratification surface consists of steps, and at each step there is a groove through which washing water flows. Moving along an inclined, stepped stratification surface, grains with a larger mass displace randomly trapped minerals with a lower mass (gangue), and at each stage flushing water is supplied from the groove along the entire circumference, which additionally leaches light minerals. At the exit from the stratification surface, we obtain minerals distributed by mass in layers, according to their hydrodynamic characteristics, basically this “layer cake” consists of three layers:

the first layer is small particles of a mineral with a large mass, usually open grains of an enriched mineral;

the second layer is splices;

the third layer is minerals with a lower mass (usually quartz, tails).

Due to the fact that there is no clear boundary between the layers, if you set the separation cutter to the minimum gap, the layer height of the open grains of the enriched mineral, immediately without screening we get a high-quality concentrate, but a small percentage of open grains and rich intergrowths fall into the tails, which is economically disadvantageous. If the gap is increased so that rich splices also enter the concentrate, then the poor splices, similar in size to the opened grain, are cut off and, when screening, they get into the under-sieve product, that is, into the concentrate, which reduces the quality of the concentrate.

The disadvantage of the CCAA is the poor separation of the material being enriched, and screening complicates the enrichment process on the apparatus.

The proposed "Centrifugal Processing Unit" (COA) eliminates the disadvantage of the prototype. The technical result achieved in the invention is to increase the efficiency of material separation due to the installation of an additional separation cutter.

The specified technical result is achieved as follows. It is known that one dividing shut-off cannot fulfill the requirements of high-quality separation of material.

If you put two dividing cutters, the first cutter will remove the tails, and it is installed with such a gap that removes the "clean" tails, since a small percentage of the tails remains in the splicing layer. The second separation cutter is installed with such a gap to remove the layer of splices and a partially small percentage of open grains. This ensures that the layer of open grains remains without impurities, i.e. a pure concentrate. The concentrate and tails are removed from the process, and the layer of intergrowths remains in the enrichment process, due to this, losses are minimized.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which schematically shows a structural embodiment of the proposed centrifugal enrichment apparatus.

On the base 1, a shaft 3 is installed, on which the movable part of the central assembly is fixed, it consists of the bundle surface 6 closed by a fixed cover 2, under the bundle surface 6, in the upper part, the impeller 5 is located under the impeller 5, the inner conical surface 11 is located, at the lower the bases of the surface 11 are fixed by bolts 10, two cutters 8 and 9 are cone-shaped with a gap to the stratification surface 6. The shaft 3 is installed in the bearings 20. To receive the material, the COA is equipped with a neck 4. The fixed cover 2 is equipped with a fitting 16 for ode wash water. On the outside, the separation surface 6 has openings 7 for receiving washing water, which communicate with the annular grooves on the inner side of the separation surface 6.

Ring receivers of a divided product: concentrate 12, splices 13, tails 14. are brought to the bases of the cutters 8, 9, the outer and inner movable parts of the COA: V-belt drive roller 15 is fixed at the lower end of the shaft 3. Racks 18 fix the receivers of products 12, 13, 14 and through the fastener 17 cover 2. The base of the COA stands on the supports 19.

ЦОА works as follows: from the electric motor through the V-belt drive 15, the rotation is transmitted to the movable part, which is mounted on the shaft 3. Through the neck 4, the pulp enters the impeller 5, is untwisted and the particles of the crushed ore are centrifuged by force to the stratification surface of the minerals 6. This surface is internal part of the truncated cone, installed by the base with a large diameter for unloading, is made stepwise and is located at an angle to the vertical axis, and there are grooves on these steps, and on the outside Shnei side of the cone 6 has openings 7 communicating with these grooves, into which the wash water enters and exits through the slots. On the cover 2 there is a pipe 16, through which rinsing water enters. It does not coincide with the centrifugal field force vector.

The centrifugal force primarily casts particles with a larger mass and smaller dimensions to the stratification surface, but also light particles are captured. Moving along a stepped surface, particles with a larger mass displace light particles and are additionally washed with washing water.

Passing this stratification surface, minerals are distributed by mass according to their hydrodynamic characteristics:

1 layer - particles with a large mass, these are usually open grains of an enriched mineral;

2 layer - splices;

3 layer - minerals with a lower mass.

Before reaching the end of the stratification surface, the first cutter 8 is removed from the “puff pie” of minerals, at the beginning of the “poor splices” layer, a layer of minerals with a low mass and enters the hopper 14.

At the end of the delamination surface by the second cutter 9, a layer of splices is removed, and enter the hopper 13, this layer of minerals remains in the enrichment process. The cutoffs 8 and 9 are fixed by bolts 10 on the inner surface 11. The entire movable part of the apparatus on the shaft 3 is fastened with screws, the shaft rotates in the bearings 20.

The remaining layer of open grains of the enriched mineral, that is, the concentrate, enters the hopper 12. Shaft 3, product receivers 12, 13, 14, an electric motor are installed, fixed to the base of the housing 1. The base of the housing 1 and the entire apparatus stands on supports 19, for additional stability bins installation is equipped with racks 18, fasteners 17 fixed cover 2 of the housing.

The concentrate and tailings are removed from the process, it greatly simplifies, reduces the cost of the enrichment process.

If, for example, we take ore from the Mikhailovsky mining and processing plant, in which the grain of the mineral being enriched is 0.045 mm in size, the fineness of the final product in the minus 0.05 mm class is up to 98%. The classifying equipment used is hydrocyclones, and hydrocyclones up to 40% of the discovered grains of the enriched mineral are sent back to the mill, where some of the minerals are regrind and go to tailings. By placing the proposed apparatuses on the discharge of hydrocyclones of the first grinding stage and on unloading the mill of the second grinding stage, we simplify the processing chain, minimize regrinding, thereby increasing the extraction of the mineral being enriched, but it is necessary to highlight that the discovered martite and hematite minerals get into the concentrate together with minerals of magnetite. With the currently used enrichment technology at the Mikhailovsky GOK, the minerals of martite and hematite go into tails. If on this apparatus ore is enriched, in which there are minerals of noble metals, metals of the platinum group, then all of them, like minerals with a large mass, will enter the concentrate.

High-grade separators are used to enrich low-magnetic ores; this is a complex, energy-intensive, expensive processing equipment. They also use flotation enrichment, which at a high cost of flotation reagents, protective measures for environmental safety, is also an expensive process.

The proposed apparatus is tens of times less energy consuming compared to high-intensity separators, simpler and more reliable than the prototype in operation.

Claims (1)

A centrifugal enrichment apparatus, including a fixed casing, a pulp receiver, a drive shaft on which a hollow truncated cone is mounted, with a smaller base up, is also equipped with an impeller, the inside of the truncated cone is stepped, at the base of each stage there is an annular groove, and on the outer surface of the truncated the cone has holes communicating with the annular grooves, while in the region of the lower part of the inner surface with a gap to it are installed and also fixed on the drive shaft dividing cutters made in the form of hollow truncated cones installed with a large base downward, and the above mounted cutter has a larger gap than the lower mounted cutter, the apparatus is equipped with three fixed ring receivers of separation products.

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