RU2420689C2 - Pellet burner - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: power industry.

SUBSTANCE: pellet burner refers to power industry and can be used in domestic heating systems operating on granulated fuel (pellet) of agricultural recycling. Pellet burner includes body 1 made in the form of tube with steeply bent branch on the end of which head 2 of increased diametre with two air supplies 3, 4 is installed. The other end of body 1 is located in cavity of shell 5. Cavity of shell has inlet opening 6 and outlet branch pipes 7, 8. Body 1 and shell 5 are connected by means of flange 9 in which there is opening 10. Header 11 is located on head 2 of body 1. Inner part of header 11 is made in the form of a plate. Holes 12 are located along concave circle of header 11. Toothed disk 13 which interacts with crank 14 and cam 15 mechanisms is attached in middle part to header 11. Cam mechanism 15 is located on shaft 16 which comes out of cavity of body 1. Screw 17 is installed inside cavity of body 1 on shaft 16. Screw is kinematically connected to electric control drive 18 through chain transmission 19 and to reduction gear 20. Besides, head 2 of body 1 and header 11 in their lower part have two radial channels 21. Lighter 22 is installed into cavity of header at the outlet of body cavity.

EFFECT: development of solid granulated fuel combustion burner.

2 dwg

Description

The technical solution relates to the field of mechanical engineering and can be used in domestic heating systems operating on granular fuel (pellets) from agricultural processing.

Known technical solution No. 2058, UA, Bull. No. 9, 2003, including a collector with three tubular burners parallel to each other and perpendicular to the collector.

Known technical solution No. 589866, UA, Bull. No. 9, 2003, containing a cylindrical body, inside which there are many pipes connected to a cone. The cone has holes for air supply. The gas supply pipe is connected to the cone.

Also known is a technical solution No. 39688, UA, Bull. No. 5, 2001, which contains the housing, and inside the housing there is a collector, a U-shaped burner with holes and a lighter.

The above technical solutions are designed for burning air-gas mixture and are not suitable for burning solid granular fuel.

The closest technical solution in essence is the latter - the holes are located almost on a closed perimeter.

To eliminate this drawback, the goal was to create a burner for burning solid granular fuel.

To solve this problem, a pellet burner is proposed, which, like the well-known one, includes a housing with a lighter and a collector with holes installed.

Unlike the well-known in the claimed technical solution, the body is made in the form of a pipe with a steeply bent outlet, at the end of which a larger diameter head with two air inlets is installed. The other end of the housing is located in the cavity of the shell with the outlet pipes, and the cavity of the shell and the cavity of the shell are separated and have separate input windows on a common flange. A collector is located on the housing head, the inside of which has a plate shape with holes in a circle. In the middle part of the collector is a toothed disk interacting with the rocker and cam mechanisms. The latter is located at the end of the shaft emerging from the cavity of the housing. A screw is installed on the shaft inside the housing cavity and it is connected to an electrically-regulating chain drive and gearbox. The head and collector, in their lower parts, have two radial channels.

Distinctive features of the claimed pellet burner are new, sufficient and necessary to fulfill the task, have a number of positive qualities that affect the technical result, namely:

- the housing is made in the form of a pipe with a steeply bent outlet, at the end of which a head is installed. Such a pipe has no acute angles and transitional elbows, therefore, stagnant zones will not occur. Pellets moving along the pipe meet minimal resistance.

- the housing head is made of a larger diameter than the pipe. When burning pellets, a torch is created, which has an extension in the lower part. This factor is taken into account in the technical solution, the volume for the torch is constructively laid.

- the housing head has two air inlets. Two air supply will create a better air supply to the combustion zone. There is an equalization of air flow through the holes as they move away from the inlets.

- the other end of the housing is located in the cavity of the shell with the outlet pipes, and the cavity of the shell and the cavity of the shell are separated and have separate input windows on a common flange. During burner operation, the housing receives heat. Passing air through the cavity of the shell takes heat from the housing. Thus, the case is cooled, this means that premature ignition of granules in the cavity of the case where the screw is located is eliminated.

- shells have outlet pipes. Heated air from the cavity of the shell will enter the furnace, into the burnout area of unburned products. This cycle is especially important in the cold season and in high humidity.

- the body cavity and the shell are separated. This means that the air supplied to the cavity of the shell will not enter the cavity of the housing and will not destroy the combustion zone.

- on the head of the housing is a collector, the inner part of which has a plate shape with holes in a circle. This design of the plate provides a uniform supply of air to the combustion zone and the creation of a conical shape of the combustion zone both in flame and in the combustible product.

- in the middle part of the collector a gear disk is installed. The gear disc acts as a gear. The disk transmits intermittent rotational motion.

- the gear disc interacts with the rocker and cam mechanisms. The cam mechanism is located at the end of the shaft extending from the cavity of the housing. A screw is installed on the shaft inside the housing cavity and it is connected to an electrically-regulating chain drive and gearbox. This kinematic relationship links the supply of the product to the combustion zone with periodic rotation of the collector, while the auger provides a constant supply of product to the combustion zone.

- the head and the collector, in their lower parts, have two radial channels. This design of the head and collector eliminates the accumulation of ash in the cavity formed by the walls of the collector and the housing.

All the distinguishing features are in a causal relationship with the obtained technical result and allow us to solve the task at the proper level. Thus, the features of the claimed technical solution are significant.

The essence of the technical solution, a pellet burner, is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 schematically shows a pellet burner.

Figure 2 is a top view of figure 1.

The pellet burner includes a housing 1 made in the form of a pipe with a steeply bent outlet, at the end of which a head 2 of an increased diameter with two air inlets 3, 4 is installed. The other end of the housing 1 is located in the cavity of the shell 5. The cavity of the shell has an inlet 6 and outlet pipes 7, 8. The housing 1 and the shell 5 are connected by a flange 9, in which there is a window 10. On the head 2 of the housing 1 is a collector 11. The inner part of the collector 11 is made in the form of a plate. Around the concave circumference of the collector 11 are holes 12. In the middle part, a gear disk 13 is attached to the collector 11, which interacts with the rocker 14 and cam 15 mechanisms. The cam mechanism 15 is located on the shaft 16, which extends from the cavity of the housing 1. Inside the cavity of the housing 1, a screw 17 is mounted on the shaft 16. The screw is kinematically connected to the electrically-controlling drive 18 by a chain gear 19 and a gear 20. In addition, the head 2 of the housing 1 and the collector 11 , in their lower part, have two radial channels 21. At the exit from the cavity of the housing into the cavity of the collector is a lighter 22.

Pellet burner operates as follows.

An electrically-regulating drive 18 through a gearbox 20 and a chain gear 19 rotates a shaft 16 with a screw 17 and delivers granular fuel - pellets into the body cavity. On the rotary section of the housing, the granules rise up, occupy the cavity of the head 2 and enter the cavity of the collector 11 of the combustion zone. In this zone, the granules are blown with air around the entire circumference, intense burning occurs. In the process of combustion, due to the blowing around the periphery of the combustion zone, its outer layers burn more intensively compared to the middle. In addition, during combustion, the manifold 11 makes intermittent rotational motion. The air jets emerging from the openings 12 of the collector 11, copy the movement and contribute to the combustion of granules in the stagnant zones of the combustion zone. Thus, the burning center has the form of a regular cone with a rounded apex.

Pellets during combustion lose their shape, disintegrate and turn into ashes. The main part of the ash is carried away by air from the zone of the collector 11, and some minimal part of the ash can get into the internal cavity of the collector 11 and head 2. And since the collector 11 is intermittently moving, the ash will go through the radial channels 21 of the collector 11 and head 2. Intermittent the movement of the collector 11 is carried out by a gear disk 13 and the action of the rocker 14 and cam 15 mechanisms on it. The cam mechanism 15 acts on the shaft 16, which is a continuation of the screw 17.

During burner operation, the housing in its expanding part heats up and transfers heat to the middle part. However, the part of the housing, which is located in the cavity of the shell 5, is cooled by the air coming from the ventilation unit (not shown). Heated air through the nozzles goes into the furnace to maintain combustion of unburnt volatile fractions of granular fuel.

This technical solution is new and useful, especially when the question of alternative fuels is acute.

The inventive pellet burner is structurally simple and technologically feasible.

Claims (1)

Pellet burner, comprising a housing with a lighter and a collector having openings, characterized in that the housing is made in the form of a pipe with a steeply bent outlet, at the end of which an oversized diameter head with two air inlets is installed, the other end of the housing is located in the shell cavity with outlet pipes, moreover, the housing cavity and the cavity of the shell are separated and have separate input windows on a common flange, while a collector is located on the head, the inside of which has a plate shape with holes in a circle, and in its middle part there is a toothed disk interacting with the rocker and cam mechanisms, the latter is located on the end of the shaft extending from the body cavity, and a screw is installed on the shaft inside the body cavity and it is connected to the electrically-controlled drive by a chain gear and gearbox, in addition, the head and the collector in their lower parts have two radial channels.

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