RU2403801C1 - Feed supplement - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the animal industry. The feed supplement is characterised by content of biologically active substances represented by products of pine green processing to a chlorophyll concentration of 2000-3000 mg/kg and additional concentrated beta-carotene source or a 30 wt % beta-carotene suspension or a 10 wt % solid form of beta-carotene to a concentration of 2000-3000 mg/kg adsorbed in pores of a neutral sorbing agent with a large active surface and a protective antioxidant membrane represented by a bioflavonoid complex of larch in a concentration of 5000-10000 mg/kg at the following ratio of ingredients, wt %: product of pine green processing - 20-30; concentrated beta-carotene source - 0.67-3; bioflavonoid complex of larch - 0.72-3.4, neutral sorbing agent - the rest. ^ EFFECT: this invention usage allows to stimulate growth of animals; this food supplement is an additional source of vitamins and provitamins. ^ 1 tbl, 13 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of satisfying human needs and can be used in the production of biologically active feed additives for animal husbandry.

The use of biologically active substances (BAS) in feeding animals and poultry leads to an increase in their productivity, increased resistance to diseases, general stimulation of the body, which, in general, improves the technical and economic indicators of production by reducing the time to achieve presentation and improving the quality of products .

It is known that in the spring-summer period of time when using green grass and grass meal in feeds, the need for the introduction of other biologically active substances is reduced, due to the high effectiveness of the combination of chlorophyll, carotene and other natural stimulants of the green mass of plants [Valdman A.R. and others. Flour from green fodder. - M., 1971, p. 155].

Due to the low stability of biologically active substances in dry grass meal for winter feeding, they are forced to find other sources of biologically active substances that act with an efficiency similar to or greater than the green mass of plants.

It is known to use crushed coniferous greens for these purposes [Repyakh S.N. et al. Feed additives from woody greens, Timber industry, 1988], the disadvantage of which is the limited shelf life (suitability for 3 days after harvesting), low feeding doses due to the high concentration of tannins, bitter glycosides and resins.

More suitable for use in animal husbandry are concentrated products of deep processing of coniferous herbs: chlorophyll-carotene paste or provitamin concentrate [Chlorophyll-carotene paste. Technical conditions GOST 21802; Provitamin concentrate. Technical conditions OST 56-32], having a long shelf life and partially exempted from potentially toxic substances for animals.

These products have a resinous consistency, are poorly soluble in water, which makes it difficult to dose these biologically active substances in feed. At the same time, dosing accuracy is important, since biologically active substances have a bitter taste and a strong coniferous smell. Exceeding dosages or irregular application of feed can lead to animal failure to feed or the appearance of coniferous smell in milk or meat.

According to the analysis of the technical level, a microencapsulated feed additive (MIC) was identified, consisting of a core with a biologically active substance (biologically active product - processing of coniferous herbs) and a shell (gelatin and tanning agent) in the following ratio of ingredients, wt.%: Product of processing of coniferous herbs - 75-92 ; gelatin - 5-20; tanning agent - 0.5-20.

Concentrates obtained from woody greens are recommended as a product of processing coniferous herbs: biologically active concentrate (LHC) of the following composition, mg / 100 g: chlorophyll - 200-1200, carotenoids - 30-300, vitamin E - 40-400; provitamin concentrate (PC) of the following composition, mg / 100 g: carotenoids - 200-500, vitamin E - 300-600, - if necessary, the products of the processing of coniferous herbs are supplemented with vitamins, for example A, D3, E, group B [RU Patent No. 2021736 , date publ. 10/10/1994].

Microencapsulation increases bioavailability, preservation of biologically active substances, facilitates the introduction of feed, but the use of 75-92 wt.% Concentrated softwood preparations, chemical compounds associated with microencapsulation technology (plant tanning agents, glutaraldehyde) in a feed additive can lead to intoxication of the animal and damage the liver.

The need to introduce 5-20 wt.% Gelatin, tanning agent, and other auxiliary substances that require subsequent disposal, as well as the use of sophisticated microencapsulation technology, leads to a rise in the cost of feed additives and its accessibility restrictions.

The production of microencapsulated forms of preparations is high-tech and requires appropriate equipment: equipping with coolants, spray or lyophilized dryers, homogenizers, sophisticated laboratory equipment, the availability of highly efficient wastewater treatment and disposal systems, which also affects the increase in the cost of the final product.

MIC in recommended dosages does not cover the deficit of animals in carotene [V.K. Menkin. Feeding farm animals. Moscow, 1977]. If you wanted to compensate for such a need in broiler chickens (1-2 mg carotene per day) with the help of MIC-LHC, the dosage would have to be increased to 10.02% relative, which would necessarily affect the organoleptic characteristics of the feed and the appearance of a specific smell later in marketable meat .

The needs of dairy cows for carotene are highest among animals (300-500 mg of carotene per day). The use of MIC-LHC as a source of carotene for dairy cows would lead to the introduction of more than 15 wt.% Feed additives, which is also unacceptable in terms of organoleptic characteristics of the feed.

The bioefficiency of MICs is due not only to the physiological effects of carotene, but also to the biological effect of chlorophyll combined with it.

The importance of chlorophyll as a component of a feed additive is known from the literature and is also evident from the practical application of MIC-PVCK: the positive effect on chick growth in the absence of chlorophyll was less pronounced.

From the analysis of the technical level it also follows that an increase in the stability and preservation of biologically active substances is possible as a result of their introduction into the pores of neutral sorbents with a large active surface [Products for the pharmaceutical and food industry. Technical Information BASF, 2005, p.205].

Antioxidants serve as an additional protection for biologically active substances. Chemical synthesis products are most often used: butyloxytoluene, butyloxyanisole, santokhin or physiologically active substances such as vitamin E, ascorbic acid or its salts.

The objective of the invention is to expand the range of feed additives using processed products of coniferous herbs.

Technical results that can be obtained by carrying out the claimed invention are:

- implementation of the purpose;

- expansion of the scope;

- increasing bioefficiency;

- reduction of production costs.

The solution of the problem and the achievement of the technical results became possible due to the creation of a feed additive, characterized by the content of biologically active substances in the form of products of processing of coniferous herbs to a chlorophyll concentration of 2000-3000 mg / kg and an additional concentrated source of beta-carotene in the form of or 30 wt.% Suspension beta-carotene, or 10 wt.% dry beta-carotene to a concentration of 2000-3000 mg / kg, adsorbed in the pores of a neutral sorbent with a large active surface, as well as protective oh antioxidant membrane in the form of a larch bioflavonoid complex at a concentration of 5000-10000 mg / kg in the following ratio of ingredients, wt.%:

coniferous product 20-30 concentrated beta carotene source 0.67-3 larch bioflavonoid complex 0.72-3.4 neutral sorbent rest

In a particular example, the biologically active portion of the feed supplement may be supplemented with fat and / or water soluble vitamins.

An inventive step is the creation of a new feed supplement using biologically active substances in the form of products of coniferous herbs processing, which allows to eliminate such disadvantages of previous preparations as a specific taste, the presence of significant concentrations of auxiliary toxic substances. For this, concentrated coniferous herbs processing products are used in a limited amount, mainly as a source of chlorophyll.

Of the concentrated products of processing coniferous herbs, coniferous chlorophyll-carotene paste containing at least 10,000 mg / kg of chlorophyll is used along with other biologically active components, moreover, chlorophyll-carotene paste makes up from 20 to 30 wt.% Feed additive.

Due to the limitation of the concentration of concentrated coniferous herbs and the introduction of concentrated sources of carotene of a different origin, the new feed additive can be used not only as a growth stimulant, but also to eliminate carotene deficiency in all groups of animals without the risk of deterioration of the organoleptic characteristics of the feed or marketable products in the form of milk or meat .

As concentrated sources of carotene, either a 30 wt.% Oil suspension of beta-carotene is used, or 10% wt. dry, powdery forms of beta-carotene. Beta-carotene in its pure form is an extremely unstable substance, the greatest stability in time in the presence of atmospheric oxygen is noted only for its concentrated suspensions in oil and for special dry forms, which, in turn, are products of the adsorption of oil suspensions on highly active sorbents with protection antioxidants.

A characteristic property of chlorophyll-carotene paste is the high stability of the biologically active substances that make up its composition. This is due to its rich composition, including both natural antioxidants such as terpenes, flavonoids, and the presence of film-forming materials such as waxes.

Combining highly protected concentrated sources of chlorophyll with concentrated protected sources of beta-carotene in biologically active substances of a new feed additive, they increase the stability of biologically active substances in storage time and in feed composition.

Additional antioxidant protection is carried out by using BFK.

The effectiveness of antioxidant protection increases significantly when using not only an antioxidant, but a number of natural compounds with a similar chemical structure that naturally fit into the scope of enzymatic processes that occur with protected biologically active substances. In relation to a feed additive, including chlorophyll and carotene, an antioxidant based on a larch bioflavonoid complex (BFC) is used, the main component of which is dihydroquerticin, which has not only antioxidant function, but also its own biological activity.

BFC is commercially available under the name “Larch Bioflavonoid Complex” TU 9199-045-54651030-2009 and contains from 30 to 70% BFC, the dry matter of which consists of 30 wt.%. from dihydroquerticin, the rest are extractives of larch: oligomers of dihydroquerticin, naringenin, dihydrocampferol and other plant bioflavonoids.

In addition to the antioxidant ability, BFK has its own spectrum of biological activity - this is a well-known capillary protector, has a positive effect on the functional state of almost all internal organs.

Separate use of chlorophyll-carotene feed additives stimulates the growth and development of animals, providing a gain of about 20% relative to the control.

In the same way, feed additives based on the use of BFK alone show themselves. In this case, no obvious hepatoprotective, detoxifying properties of the additive are observed. Only the use of chlorophyll-carotene compounds, including BFK, shows a synergism in properties: it increases the gain by more than 50% relative to the control with the provision of the process of hepatocyte regeneration in the liver and detoxification in case of accidental poisoning of animals.

The adsorbent with a large active surface contributes to the enhancement of the bioefficiency of the feed additive. The alkaloids of poisonous plants such as black root or gallows, which may be present in the haylage in greater or lesser amounts, are removed from the body of the animal with the help of highly active sorbents.

For the production of a new feed additive, expensive equipment is not needed: a highly efficient mixing device is sufficient. At the first stage of mixing, biologically active substances in the form of a mixture of chlorophyll-carotene paste with a concentrated source of beta-carotene are introduced into the pores of a neutral sorbent. Aerosil, alumina, zeolite and others are used as a sorbent. In the second stage, BFC is distributed over the surface of the obtained product and homogenized by vigorous stirring. Due to the insignificance of energy and labor costs, the cost of production actually consists of the cost of the constituent parts of the feed additive. There are no effluents and emissions into the atmosphere that require disposal.

The error in the preparation of the feed additive consists of the error of averaging, the error of chemical analysis and is a maximum of ± 500 mg / kg for chlorophyll and ± 500 mg / kg for carotene.

The content of BFC in the feed additive depends on the concentration of chlorophyll and carotene: when introduced in the amount of 2000 mg / kg, it was found that the concentration of BFC 5000 mg / kg ensures that there are no changes in the concentrations of chlorophyll and carotene in excess of 10% relative to the initial content during the year of storage . With an increase in the content of chlorophyll and carotene to 3000 mg / kg, to ensure stability indicators, the concentration of BFC must be increased to 10000 mg / kg.

The possibilities of using the new feed additive are illustrated by the following application examples and table.

Example 1

The effect of feed additives on broiler growth and development was studied on ROSS cross broilers with close body weight for 20 days on chickens. Control weighing was carried out after 20 days. In all experiments, 0.5% of feed additives were introduced in relation to the average chicken need for feed during the growing period - 100 g / day, focusing on the physiological need of the bird for carotene (1-2 mg per day per head). To determine the vitamin A content in the liver, one chicken from each group was selected at the end of the experiment.

The chickens of the control group in example 1 received food without making a feed additive.

The average daily gain was 27 g / day. The content of vitamin A in the liver - 11 μg / g - is below normal.

Example 2

The tests were carried out as in example 1 with the introduction of a feed additive containing 2000 mg / kg of chlorophyll and having the composition:

- a product of the processing of coniferous herbs (chlorophyll-carotene paste with a chlorophyll content of 10,000 mg / kg) 20 wt.% - concentrated source of beta-carotene absent - BFK absent - neutral sorbent absent.

The average daily gain was 30 g / day.

The content of vitamin A in the liver - 13 mcg / g - is below normal.

Example 3

The tests were carried out as in example 1 with the introduction of a feed additive (1 mg carotene per head) containing 2000 mg / kg chlorophyll, 2000 mg / kg carotene and having the composition:

- a product of the processing of coniferous herbs (chlorophyll-carotene paste with a chlorophyll content of 10,000 mg / kg) 20 wt.% - concentrated source of beta-carotene 0.67 wt.% 30 wt.% Oily suspension of beta-carotene - BFK absent - neutral sorbent absent.

The average daily gain was 33 g / day.

The content of vitamin A in the liver - 25 mcg / g - is below normal.

Example 4

The tests were carried out as in example 1 with the introduction of a feed additive containing 10,000 mg / kg BFC of larch and having the composition:

- a product of processing coniferous herbs absent - concentrated source of beta-carotene absent - BFK 2 wt.% 50% solution of BFK in glycerin - neutral sorbent absent

The average daily gain was 34 g / day. The content of vitamin A in the liver - 11 mcg / day - is below normal.

Example 5

The tests were carried out as in example 1 with the introduction of a new feed additive (1 mg carotene per head) containing 2000 mg / kg chlorophyll, 2000 mg / kg carotene and 5000 mg / kg BFC, deposited on aerosil and including components corresponding to the lower values of the claimed range concentrations:

- a product of the processing of coniferous herbs (chlorophyll-carotene paste with a chlorophyll content of 10,000 mg / kg) 20 wt.% - concentrated source of beta-carotene 0.67 wt.% 30 wt.% Oily suspension of beta-carotene - BFK 0.72 wt.% 70 wt.% Solution of BFK in glycerin - neutral sorbent Aerosil rest

The average daily gain was 42 g / day.

The content of vitamin A in the liver - 31 mcg / g - is normal.

Example 6

The tests were carried out as in example 5 with the introduction of a new feed additive (0.5 mg carotene per head) containing 1000 mg / kg chlorophyll, 1000 mg / kg carotene and 3000 mg / kg BFC, deposited on aerosil and including components corresponding to the values below the claimed range of concentrations:

- a product of the processing of coniferous herbs (chlorophyll-carotene paste with a chlorophyll content of 10,000 mg / kg) 20 wt.% - concentrated source of beta-carotene 0.34 wt.% 30 wt.% Oily suspension of beta-carotene - BFK 0.43 wt.% 70 wt.% Solution of BFK in glycerin - neutral sorbent Aerosil rest

The average daily gain was 38 g / day.

The content of vitamin A in the liver - 28 μg / g - is below normal.

Example 7

The tests were carried out as in example 5 with the introduction of a new feed additive (1.5 mg carotene per head) containing 3000 mg / kg chlorophyll, 3000 mg / kg carotene and 10000 mg / kg BFC, deposited on aerosil and including components corresponding to the upper values the claimed range of concentrations:

- a product of the processing of coniferous herbs (chlorophyll-carotene paste with a chlorophyll content of 10,000 mg / kg) 30 wt.% - concentrated source of beta-carotene 3.0 wt.% 10 wt.% Dry beta-carotene - BFK 3.4 wt.% 30 wt.% Solution of BFK in glycerin - neutral sorbent Aerosil rest

The average daily gain was 49 g / day.

The content of vitamin A in the liver - 58 mcg / g - is normal.

Example 8

The tests were carried out as in example 5 with the introduction of a new feed additive (1.25 mg carotene per head) containing 2500 mg / kg chlorophyll, 2500 mg / kg carotene and 7500 mg / kg BFC supported on alumina and containing components corresponding to the average the values of the claimed range of concentrations:

- a product of the processing of coniferous herbs (chlorophyll-carotene paste with a chlorophyll content of 10,000 mg / kg) 25 wt.% - concentrated source of beta-carotene 2.5 wt.% 10 wt.% Dry beta-carotene - BFK 2.14 wt.% 35 wt.% Solution of BFK in glycerol - neutral sorbent alumina rest

The average daily gain was 49 g / day, the content of vitamin A in the liver of 40 μg / g was normal.

Example 9

The tests were carried out as in example 5 with the introduction of a new feed additive (2.0 mg of carotene per head) containing 4000 mg / kg of chlorophyll, 4000 mg / kg of carotene and 20,000 mg / kg of BFC, deposited on aerosil and including components corresponding to the values exceeding the claimed range of concentrations:

- a product of the processing of coniferous herbs (chlorophyll-carotene paste with a chlorophyll content of 10000 mg / kg) - 40 wt.% - concentrated source of beta-carotene - 4.0 wt.% 10 wt.% Dry beta-carotene - BFK - 4.0 wt.% 50% solution of BFK in glycerin - neutral sorbent Aerosil rest

The average daily gain was 51 g / day. The content of vitamin A in the liver - 56 kg / g - is normal.

Example 10

The tests were carried out as in example 5 with the introduction of a new feed additive (1.0 mg carotene per head) containing 4000 mg / kg chlorophyll, 2000 mg / kg carotene and 10000 mg / kg BFC supported on alumina and containing components corresponding to an increase the concentration of chlorophyll relative to the concentration of carotene in 2 times:

- a product of the processing of coniferous herbs (chlorophyll-carotene paste with a chlorophyll content of 10,000 mg / kg) 40 wt.% - concentrated source of beta-carotene 2.0 wt.% 10 wt.% Dry beta-carotene - BFK 2.0 wt.% 50 wt.% Solution of BFK in glycerin - neutral sorbent alumina rest

The average daily gain was 45 g / day, the vitamin A content in the liver of 34 μg / g was normal.

Example 11

The tests were carried out as in example 5 with the introduction of a new feed additive (2.0 mg carotene per head) containing 2000 mg / kg chlorophyll, 4000 mg / kg carotene and 10000 mg / kg BFC supported on alumina and including components corresponding to a decrease the concentration of chlorophyll relative to the concentration of carotene in 2 times:

- a product of the processing of coniferous herbs (chlorophyll-carotene paste with a chlorophyll content of 10,000 mg / kg) 20 wt.% - concentrated source of beta-carotene 4.0 wt.% 10 wt.% Dry beta-carotene - BFK 2.0 wt.% 50 wt.% Solution of BFK in glycerin - neutral sorbent alumina rest

The average daily gain was 49 g / day, the vitamin A content in the liver - 55 μg / g - is normal.

Example 12

The tests were carried out as in example 5 with the introduction of a new feed additive (1.0 mg carotene per head) containing 2000 mg / kg chlorophyll, 2000 mg / kg carotene and 5000 mg / kg BFC, deposited on zeolite and additionally containing fat-soluble vitamins A, D3, E:

- a product of the processing of coniferous herbs (chlorophyll-carotene paste with a chlorophyll content of 10,000 mg / kg) 20 wt.% - concentrated source of beta-carotene 0.67 wt.% 30 wt.% Oily suspension of beta-carotene - BFK 1.0 wt.% 50 wt.% Solution of BFK in glycerin - vitamin A 500 IU - vitamin DZ 250 ME - vitamin E 0.2 mg / g - neutral sorbent zeolite rest

The average daily gain was 80 g / day, the vitamin A content in the liver - 49 μg / g - is normal.

Example 13

The tests were carried out as in example 1 with the introduction of a feed additive containing vitamin A - 550 IU / g, vitamin D3 - 250 IU / g, vitamin E - 0.2 mg / g.

The average daily gain was 30 g / day, the content of vitamin A in the liver - 25 μg / g - below normal.

The examples are summarized in the table.

Examples showed that the inventive feed additive implements the appointment with positive results, namely:

- expands the scope due to the positive effect on the organoleptic characteristics of the feed, which allows it to be used both for productive and non-productive animals as not only a growth stimulant, but also a source of necessary vitamins and provitamins;

- has increased bioefficiency due to the synergistic effects of the components: chlorophyll, carotene, BFK larch and a neutral sorbent with a large active surface;

- with high bioefficiency is available for use in animal husbandry due to the low cost and simple production technology.

As can be seen from the examples, the separate use of chlorophyll-carotene paste (example 2) and with the introduction of a concentrated source of beta-carotene (example 3) without the use of BFC and a sorbent with a large active surface provides weight gain of chickens from 10 to 22% relative to the control, while observe a slight increase in vitamin A in the liver in accordance with the entered mass of carotene.

A separately applied BFK (example 4) acts as a growth stimulator, providing a gain of about 25% relative to the control, but does not affect the content of vitamin A in the liver.

The use of a feed additive with a concentration of active substances in the claimed range led to an increase in animal mass from 51 to 81% relative to the control and normalized levels of vitamin A in the liver.

A decrease in the concentration of chlorophyll and carotene outside the claimed range at the used dosages of 0.5% in the feed did not allow achieving normalized levels of vitamin A in the liver and reduced daily gain.

An increase in the concentration of chlorophyll and carotene beyond the claimed range led to an increase in weight gain and vitamin A in the liver, but this increase was negligible and did not justify the cost of a feed supplement.

With comparable levels of chlorophyll and carotene, optimal daily gains and vitamin A levels in the liver were achieved within normal limits. An increase in the concentration of chlorophyll relative to the concentration of carotene and vice versa leads to unproductive costs: weight gain and vitamin A levels in the liver increase slightly.

As can be seen from control example 1, the chickens taken for experiments had a deep deficiency in vitamin A, and therefore, in example 12, the new feed additive was additionally enriched with fat-soluble vitamins A, D3, E. This combination led to a sharp increase in the gain in 2 times regarding control and overcoming vitamin A deficiency

The complex of vitamins used separately from the feed supplement (Example 13) turned out to be less effective: weight gain increased by 11% relative to the control, the content of vitamin A in the liver only approached the norm.

Claims (2)

1. A feed additive characterized by the content of biologically active substances in the form of products of coniferous herbs processing to a concentration of chlorophyll of 2000-3000 mg / kg and an additional concentrated source of beta-carotene in the form of either 30 wt.% Suspension of beta-carotene, or 10 wt.% Dry forms of beta-carotene to a concentration of 2000-3000 mg / kg adsorbed in the pores of a neutral sorbent with a large active surface, as well as a protective antioxidant membrane in the form of a larch bioflavonoid complex at a concentration of 5000-10000 mg / kg at the following m ingredients ratio, wt.%:
coniferous product 20-30 concentrated beta carotene source 0.67-3 bioflavonoid complex larch trees 0.72-3.4 neutral sorbent rest 2. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises fat and / or water soluble vitamins.