RU2495246C2 - Method to prepare ore mass for transportation with steep inclined conveyors (sic) - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining.

SUBSTANCE: method includes creation of grinding-reloading stations at the pit wall on the basis of crushers of coarse and medium crushing for transportation of rock mass by conveyors with inclination of 35-40°. Microaction at bulk pieces is carried out by intense central impact of massive hammers for crushing of bulk fraction resulting in formation of 2-3 large and a group of small fragments moved with the help of a brush for cleaning and movement of the material towards another quick-acting hammer for subsequent reduction of their dimensions to 200-250 mm and transfer into mobile cone crushers of medium crushing. Afterwards the ground material of low size arrives to steep inclined conveyors, to increase mobility and quick displacement from one place into another, crushing devices are made in the form of vertical modules and arranged horizontally.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of rock mass preparation on pits and for wide application of inclined and steep inclined conveyors on pits.

1 ex, 10 dwg

Description

There is a method of preparing the rock mass, which consists in the fact that on board the quarry they arrange a crushing and reloading station, which includes jaw crushers of large crushing and conveyors of traditional design [1].

The disadvantage of this method is the low productivity of the transfer point on the basis of jaw crushers and the use of conveyors with a slope of 15-16 °.

A known method of preparing rock mass, based on the use of cone crushers to obtain a coarse crushing product with a size of 300-350 mm [2].

The disadvantage of this method is that the material of this size can be used for transportation only by conveyors with an angle of inclination of 15-16 °.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is a method of preparing the material and lifting it with an inclined conveyor to a height of 270 m [3].

The disadvantage of this method is that at first a semi-stationary crushing and loading point based on cone crushers is used, and then a screw-tooth crusher. In addition, the angle of the conveyor is 35-40 °, and the maximum piece size is 300 mm, which increases the bulkiness of the structure and is associated with some risk and loss of reliability in work over time.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the preparation of rock mass in quarries for widespread use of inclined and steeply inclined conveyors in quarries.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known method of preparing the rock mass in open pits by creating crushing and transshipment points of the semi-stationary type on the sides of the sides, mainly on the basis of coarse crushers, producing a piece of 350-300 mm in size, and then finishing, for example, in screw-type crushers for transportation with an inclined conveyor with an angle of 35-40 ° for widespread use of inclined, steeply inclined and vertical conveyors in quarries, it is supposed to switch to a new method of preparing the rock mass, in which is newer than the new technical solution, which, unlike the traditional crushing scheme, micro-impacts on large pieces, carry out an intense central blow of massive hammers to crush large-sized fractions, leading to the formation of 2-3 large and a group of small fragments, moved with a brush for cleaning and moving the material to another high-speed hammer for the subsequent reduction of their sizes to 200-250 mm and transfer to medium-crushing mobile cone crushers, then crushed small-sized material arrives on steeply inclined conveyors, in order to increase mobility and quickly move from one place to another, crushing devices are made in the form of vertical modules and placed horizontally.

The method includes the detuning of steeply inclined and vertical ledges and sections of the side in the middle and deep zones and their strengthening and the device on them inclined, steeply inclined and vertical conveyors.

The size and weight of the modules of the crushing devices are reduced by 5-10 times, which allows them to be transported in the usual way and ensures the achievement of the minimum shoulder for transporting the rock mass during the calculation period, and this is associated with a large economic effect.

The advantage of the new technical solution is that when preparing the rock mass by blasting in quarries, large pieces (blocks) of size 1000-1200 mm are 2-3%, 700-1000 mm - 4-5%, 500-700 mm - 7-8% , 350-500 mm - 9-10%, i.e. the yield of fractions of 1200-350 mm is only 22-26%.

In the rock mass of one dump truck with a carrying capacity of 120 tons, the number of pieces will be: a fraction of 1000-1200 mm with a percentage composition of 2.5% or about 3 tons will be 1 piece, a fraction of 700-1000 mm (4-5%) - 5.4 tons or 3-4 pcs., Fraction 500-700 mm (7-8%) - 9 t or 12-14 pcs., Fraction 350-500 mm (9-10) - 11.4 or 60-65 pcs.

When reducing the size of oversized pieces in one stroke by 2-3 times in the first stage to 400-500 mm and then to 200-250 mm, a second and third stroke are needed. For the implementation of 75-85 strokes within 2-3 (3-4) minutes, 2 hammers will be required: one weighing 50-80 tons, another 30-40 tons with a shock frequency of 1-2 and 5-10 per minute, respectively, the performance of one unit is 2400 -3000 tons / year, which is comparable with the capacity of a cone crusher or 16-20 million tons / year.

This crushing device consists of a complex of modules: hammers, a feeder-grate with a slit of 200-250 mm to separate a fraction of 0-250 mm and directing it to the feeder and conveyor of a mobile or self-propelled cone crusher of medium crushing. To avoid the accumulation of large fragments under the hammer No. 1 between the blows, a “brush” is used from a massive plate that moves these fragments for additional destruction by the second hammer. All modules, including the case, are not massive and allow you to transport them to deeper horizons in the usual way. Lifting hammers to a height of 1.5-2 m can be carried out using hydraulic cylinders with a trigger device or using a tensioning winch.

The economic effect of the proposal can be estimated by the actual profit received at the quarry Majdanpek (former Yugoslavia), when a decrease in transportation distance by dump trucks by 3.5 km provided a profit of 3 million dollars. USA when moving 14-18 million tons of ore mass. With a quarry productivity of 16 million tons per year, the achieved effect may be 2-3 million dollars. USA per year.

The proposed technical solution is presented in the drawings (figures 1-10):

Figure 1. The general scheme of the complex nodes of the proposed technical solution:

1 - bulk rocks; 2 - feeder with a gap of 200-250 mm; 3 - a large piece; 4 - mass hammer; 5 - “anvil” with a slit of 200-250 mm; 6 - “brush” for cleaning and moving the material; 7 - assembly feeder (conveyor); 8 - feeder for feeding material into a cone crusher 9 medium crushing; 10 - feeder for feeding material steeply inclined conveyor 11.

Figure 2. The scheme of crushing (reduction) of large pieces (node 4) (cross section):

3 - a large piece; 4 - a massive hammer; 5 - “anvil” with a slit of 200-250 mm; 6 - “brush” for cleaning and moving the material; 7 - assembly feeder (conveyor); 12 - support (heel) of the device.

Figure 3. Node 4 (longitudinal section):

2 - feeder with a gap of 200-250 mm; 5 - “anvil”; 6 - “brush” for cleaning and moving the material; 7 - assembly feeder (conveyor).

Figure 4. Massive hammer action diagram:

5 - anvil with a slot; 13 - hydraulic cylinders that raise the hammer; 14 - stops (reclining); 15 - trigger for turning the stops; 16 - traction mechanism when working with a winch; 17 is an external structure.

Figure 5. The scheme of the receiving feeder with a slot (2 inclined sheets) for separating the fraction 0-250 (300 mm) (2):

3 - crushed large piece; b is the width of the gap.

6. The scheme of a massive hammer (node 4) from plates (disks).

7. The action pattern of the “brush” (6) with the stroke (L).

Fig. 8. Thrust heel during the operation of the percussion device with the running support (19) when moving the device to another place.

Fig.9. The scheme of folding the stop when the hydraulic cylinder 13 is pressed into the trigger mechanism (15).

Figure 10. The scheme of crushing (reduction) of large pieces.

Execution example

In relation to existing deep open pits (Kovdorsky complex iron ores, Central and Koashvinsky apatite-nepheline ores of the Vostochny mine) in the region and other open pits, the proposed invention can be used.

To do this, near the site of the crusher’s location on medium and then deep horizons, a pile of rock mass 1 is created, into which dump trucks are dumped with a loading capacity of 110-120 tons, and the ore (rock) mass sliding from the slope falls onto a plastic feeder 2, which can work under blockage. The feeder represents two blades with a slit of 250-300 mm, which can be tilted to each other, forming a kind of "tray", so that pieces of 350-1200 mm in size enter the crusher. This material with a volume of 10-12 m ³ forms a layer with a height of 1.5-2 m and determines the area of the crushing compartment with a width of 2 m and a length of 3-3.5 m S = 67 m ² . For crushing large pieces 3 of size 700-1000 mm and 1000-1200 mm using a massive hammer 4 weighing 60-80 tons, which with one blow divides these pieces on plate 5 into at least 2-3 large fragments (up to 400-500 mm) . In this case, small pieces, as well as a fraction of 0-300 mm, enter the slot and are transported by feeder 7 to the assembly conveyor and to feeder 8 and further to the medium crushing cone crusher 9. Pieces 400–500 mm in size are destroyed by the next blow of a massive hammer or they are displaced with a “brush” 6 in the form of a massive plate with hydraulic cylinders for destruction with a smaller hammer 4 weighing 30-40 tons, producing 5-10 beats per minute. To better move the material from one hammer to another, the surface of the plate 5 is made inclined in the transverse direction by 10-15 ° in the direction of the outlet slit with a width of 250-300 mm and in the longitudinal direction for better crushing of pieces with a size of 500-350 mm more intensively working hammer (up to 5-10 beats per minute).

Hammers 4 are made in the form of massive disks or plates for quick disassembling and moving to a new place.

Lifting hammers 4 to a height of 1.5-2 m is provided by hydraulic cylinders 13 with a trigger when lifting the hammer to the desired height and pressing the stops 14 on the trigger 15 or lifting the hammer can be carried out using a winch 16. A good technological solution is the use of hydraulic hammers.

The separation of the initial material using a plate feeder-grate 2 fractions of 0-300 mm and the subsequent fraction after crushing 0-300 mm enters the assembly line and then enters (feeder) 7 using feeder 10 into the (cone 9) mobile (self-propelled) middle crusher crushing, which ensures its performance. The cone crusher can be made not only in a mobile form, but also self-propelled, which increases its mobility. The resulting product is suitable for transportation by inclined, steeply inclined and vertical conveyors 11 of the developed design, mainly taking into account the inclination of 35-40 ° by tubular-shaped conveyors, which ensures the reliability of their operation and the use of one conveyor belt.

A crushing device for quick movement from one place to another is provided with a running device 19. This is also facilitated by the horizontal arrangement of the constituent modules of the crushing device.

The use of steeply inclined and vertical conveyors allows you to make a profit in the amount of 2.5-3 million dollars. USA per year.

Claims (1)

A method of preparing rock mass for transportation by steeply inclined conveyors (KNK), including the creation on board a quarry of crushing and reloading points based on large and medium crushers for transporting rock mass with conveyors with an inclination of 35-40 °, characterized in that, unlike the traditional crushing scheme micro action on large pieces is carried out by an intense central blow of massive hammers to crush the large-sized fraction, leading to the formation of 2-3 large and a group of small fragments, moving using a brush to clean and move the material to another high-speed hammer to subsequently reduce its size to 200-250 mm and transfer it to medium-sized mobile cone crushers, after which the crushed material of small size is fed onto steeply inclined conveyors to increase mobility and quick movement from one places in another, crushing devices are in the form of vertical modules and placed horizontally.

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