RU2494619C1 - Device for weed vegetation destruction in row of cultivated plants - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the agricultural machinery industry, in particular, to devices for weed vegetation destruction in crops of cultivated plants. The device for weed vegetation destruction in a row of cultivated plants comprises a frame, hoes-mouldboards, and devices-benders. The devices-benders are connected to the hoes-mouldboards and the frame by brackets. The benders are made in the form of L-shaped elastic plates. The plate thickness decreases from the hoes-mouldboards to the ends of the plates. Adjustment of the benders in height relative to the soil is provided, and adjustment of the angular position of the benders relative to the hoes-mouldboards.

EFFECT: simplification of the design and decrease of metal consumption of the device is provided.

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Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to devices for controlling weeds in crops of cultivated plants.

There is a method of controlling weeds in crops of cultivated plants by using chemicals - herbicides (Listopadov I.N. Destruction of weeds in farms of the Rostov region / Recommendations. - Rostov-on-Don. 1984. - S.11-39).

The disadvantage of this method is the high cost of herbicides, violation of the environmental safety of the territory and products, not the complete destruction of all types of weeds.

A known method of weed control in a row of plants (SU, AC No. 534222, A01M 21/00, BI No. 41, 05.11.76), including hilling of plants and crest formation in a row, which, together with sprouted weeds, are displaced in the aisle by compressed air.

The disadvantage of this method is the need to install additional equipment on the cultivator to produce compressed air.

There is also known a method and apparatus for controlling weed in the aisle (Organizational and technological project for the production of sunflower according to intensive technology / Recommendations. - Moscow: Rosselkhozizdat, 1987. - P.29-30) by sprinkling them with soil from the aisle by forming a ridge in a row with the help of paws okuchnikam KRN-52.

The disadvantage is the incomplete sprinkling of weeds in a row having the height of the stems or leaves greater than the height of the crest.

The closest technical solution is a device for the destruction of weeds in rows of plants (SU, AC No. 1424750 A01B 39/18, BI No. 35, 09/23/08), consisting of elastic plates fixed to the cultivator frame by means of brackets, each of which is located in front of one from zagortachok and installed with a shift in the transverse direction by half the width of the grip of a plane-cutting working body.

The disadvantage of this device is that the device can only be installed on zagotachki, consisting of disk tools that are located in the center of the row spacing and they are removed from the rows by half the width of the row spacing (for example, when sowing with row spacing of 70 cm, the distance will be 35 cm from the center of the zagorta in the direction of travel to the row of plants), in this case it is possible to install an additional bracket from the row at a distance of 15 cm between the row and the grinder, installing additional brackets increases the metal consumption cultivator, they are installed close to the rows of plants and when the cultivator passes, break off and injure the leaves of cultivated plants, tilted into the aisles, which subsequently dry out and can be subjected to various diseases. The claimed shortcuts, consisting of disk tools, have not been produced for the past 20 years and they are not used in production. Widely used for hilling plants in a row are cultivator paws-dumpers (Agricultural machines. Ed. 2 nd revised and additional - M .: Kolos, 1976. - P.76, copy attached), which are installed between the lancet paw of the cultivator located in the center of the aisle and a row of plants.

The essence of the invention is a device for the destruction of weeds in a row of cultivated plants with a high degree of destruction due to the binder installed on the dump paw and designed to tilt weeds in a row of cultivated plants to the soil surface, followed by their sprinkling of soil between the rows.

The technical result is a simplification of the design of agricultural tools for the destruction of weeds in a row of cultivated plants, as a result of which (in comparison with the prototype) its metal consumption is reduced.

The technical result is achieved thanks to the L-shaped binder, which is attached to the dump paw and serves to bend thin stems and leaves of weed plants in rows to the soil surface (the bending angle is set by the adjusting screw located on the back of the dump), followed by sprinkling them the soil from the row-spacing with the formation of a ridge, while the thicker and more elastic stems of cultivated plants deflect the elastic plate of the adherent from the stem and they are not sprinkled with soil.

A device for the destruction of weeds in a row of cultivated plants is illustrated by figures 1, 2, 3 and 4. In figure 1 - binder, top view; figure 2 - paw dumper with a binder, top view; figure 3 - paw dumper with a binder, side view; figure 4 - General view of the device during operation.

The binder 1 (Fig. 1) is made in the form of a l-shaped elastic plate, attached directly to the dump paw (Fig. 2 and Fig. 3), consisting of an arm 2, a baler 3 and fastening bolts 4. Regulation of the position of the binder 1 in height from the surface of the soil is carried out by placing the bend of the bend 1 in one of the recesses 5 (figure 3), made on the front of the dump 3, while one end of the bend 1 is fixed, one of the existing bolts 4 to the bracket 2, and the free flexible end leaves from the dump paw parallel to the surface of the soil (or at a small angle when increasing the depth of cultivation of row-spacing to 10-12 cm) towards the middle of the row of cultivated plants 6 with the overlapping row of cultivated plants (FIGS. 2 and 4) not less than 100-150 mm, and to reduce damage to the stem of plants, the thickness of the elastic plate of the binder, directed into the rows of plants, gradually decreases from the paw to the end of the plate and, accordingly, the elasticity of the plate of the binder decreases. The angle α (FIG. 2) between the binder 1 and the dumper 3 is set with an adjusting screw 7, mounted on the dumper 3 (FIGS. 2 and 3).

The device operates as follows.

A wide-row sowing of cultivated plants 6 (sorghum, corn, sunflower, castor oil, soybean, etc.) is carried out on cultivated soil, therefore, seedlings of cultivated plants (Fig. 4) usually appear on the soil surface before weeds 8 and develop at a faster rate than weeds plants with, in most cases, small seeds. Inter-row processing of cultivated plants, using the proposed device, is carried out by cultivators of the KRN-5,6 type, when the stems of cultivated plants 6 reach sufficient elasticity to resist the binder 1, which corresponds to the formation of the following number of leaves in cultivated plants: in sorghum 10-11, in corn 8-9, in sunflower 7-8, in soybean 12-13, i.e. in time, it falls on the second or third inter-row cultivation by cultivators, but before the plants close in the inter-rows. The weeding of weed plants 8 bent to the ground (Fig. 4) and the formation of a ridge in a row are carried out immediately by two dump paws (left and right), located on the opposite sides of each row, equipped with extensors 1, which, when passing the cultivator, provide bending to the soil surface leaves and stems of weeds 8 in the protective zone of the row and sprinkling them with displaced soil 9 from two adjacent row spacing. So that the soil does not sprinkle the binder plate 1, the angle α (Fig. 2) between the dump blade and the flexible plate of the binder 1 is selected so that it is always greater than the angle β of the descent of the soil from the dump blade. The angle α is adjusted with the adjusting screw 7 (FIGS. 2 and 3), welded on the back of the dump and abutting the opposite end through the nut 10 and the hole in the dump 3 into the elastic plate of the binder 1.

Claims (1)

A device for destroying weeds in a row of cultivated plants, containing elastic plates fixed to the cultivator frame by means of brackets, used to sprinkle weeds in a row, characterized in that the bending device is made in the form of an l-shaped elastic plate with gradually decreasing thickness from the paws a heap to the end of the plate, which is attached to existing heaps, while adjusting the position of the binder in height from the soil surface is carried out by I bend in one of the recesses made on the front of the dump-foot, and the angle between the dump-foot and the flexible bend plate is set with the adjusting screw welded on the back of the dump and rests the opposite end through the nut and hole in the dump into the elastic bend plate.

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