RU2258340C2 - Apparatus for removal of weeds from plant rows - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural engineering, in particular, equipment for removing weeds during interrow cultivation of tilled crops, preferably hard-fiber crops.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus has flat hoe with tine. Slotted coverer formed as flat plate and bracket for attachment of flexible member are fixed on tine in parallel with flat hoe blade. Slotted coverer is mounted in vertical position. Flexible member is made in the form of resilient rod, cable or flexible wire having rigidity providing crushing of weed plants without damaging of cultured crops. Apparatus is further provided with at least one holder mounted on bracket in offset relation relative to one another in transverse and longitudinal directions. Holder is formed as head with at least two faces for key, threaded fixture at its end, transverse aperture and clamp for flexible member. Flexible member is positioned forward of flat hoe at obtuse angle to axis of row and gets in row line for regulating value of pressing force applied to soil, moving in holder aperture and fixing.

EFFECT: increased efficiency in complete removal of weeds during interrow cultivation procedures.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, and in particular to devices for the destruction of weeds in rows of row crops, mainly hard-stemmed.

The known device for the destruction of weeds near plants by the method of sprinkling (A.S. USSR No. 913960, class A 01 B 39/18, 1980) regulates the thickness of the soil to be deposited using a blade and a plate made with a fixer of their position. Reliable sprinkling of weeds in a row with existing working bodies (hillers, harvesters) is ensured when the weeds are no more than 3 ... 4 cm (Vegetable growing on open ground. M., Kolos, 1976, p. 100).

The main significant disadvantage of the known technical solution is the poor dusting of weeds with a height of more than 3 ... 5 cm.

It is also known a device for the destruction of weeds in rows of plants (A.S. USSR No. 1424750, class A 01 B 39/18, 1987), which contains mounted on the frame plane-cutting working body, elastic plates and located behind them zagortachi. The plates are mounted with a displacement in the transverse direction by half the width of the grip of a plane-cutting working body. When the device moves, the plates bend the weeds to the ground, and the stubblers sprinkle them with soil. The plates are installed with the possibility of regulating their position relative to the soil and shorting.

The main significant drawback of this technical solution, selected by the applicant as a prototype, is that the elastic plates in the device only bend high weeds to the ground in front of the shorting weights, the height of which is greater than the height of the plate. To sprinkle them, you need a large soil roller. With a small height of the soil roller, the weeds will straighten and will not be destroyed.

The aim of the present invention is to increase the completeness of weed control.

This goal is achieved through a more complete use of the differences in the stiffness of the stems of weeds and cultivated plants during the execution of the work. To achieve this goal, weeds, regardless of height, do not just bend, but are crushed at the surface of the soil and laid on the soil, which prevents them from rising after the passage of working bodies. To do this, elastic elements in the form of an elastic rod, cable or elastic wire are pressed to the surface of the soil in a row of plants, copying its microrelief. Thin stems of weeds are crushed, and more durable and stiff stems of cultivated plants bypass the elastic element. From the patent technical literature, as well as from the practice of working similar agricultural equipment, this set of essential features was not known. Based on this, the conclusion is valid:

1. The presented set of essential features meets the criterion of novelty of the claimed technical solution.

2. The claimed technical solution meets the criteria of the prior art.

The claimed technical solution can be used repeatedly, i.e. repeatedly reproduced, which meets the criterion of "industrial use".

Figure 1 shows a General view of the device, a top view; figure 2 - device, front view.

A device for killing weeds in rows of plants contains a flat-cutting paw 1 with a stand 2, on which behind the paws, at an acute angle to the row, parallel to the blade, a slotted claw 3 is fixed in the form of a flat plate and an arm 4 for attaching an elastic element 5 made of elastic wire with a diameter 2-3 mm, an elastic steel cable with a diameter of 4-6 mm or other elastic material. On the bracket 4 with a nut 6 and a spring washer 7, at least one holder 8 is attached in the form of a head, with at least two turnkey faces, with a threaded fastening at the end, with a transverse hole and a clamp 9 for the elastic element.

The elastic element 5 is installed in front of the paw 1 and the slotted shutter in the form of a flat plate 3 at an obtuse angle to the axis of the row 10 with the possibility of adjusting the pressing against the surface of the field and moving in the hole of the holder 8, with the end of the row beyond the line and fixed with a clamp 9, for example, a bolt. If the holder is not one, they are installed stepwise with offset in the transverse and longitudinal directions from each other. The stiffness of the elastic elements 5 is chosen such that when they interact with cultivated plants, the pressure of the elastic element on the stem is less than the resistance of the stem to crushing and bending. In this case, the resistance to crushing of the stem of the weed would be lower than the pressure exerted on it by the elastic element 5.

The device operates as follows.

When the device moves, a plane-cutting paw 1 cuts the soil and destroys weeds in the row-spacing, the plate 3 shifts the soil in a row. The elastic element 5 crushes weeds, low and high. The soil roller reliably sprinkles weeds lying on the surface of the field. At the same time, cultivated plants do not bend and are not damaged, since the stiffness of their stem at the time of processing exceeds the rigidity of the elastic element 5, and their height exceeds the height of the soil roller.

The advantage of the claimed technical solution over similar solutions is that weeds in a row of row crops, regardless of height, are crushed, laid on the surface of the field and can reliably sprinkle with a thinner layer of soil than when using other technical solutions. This provides a reduction in the cost of manual labor for weeding row crops in a row.

Claims (2)

1. A device for the destruction of weeds in rows of plants, containing a flat-cutting paw with a stand on which behind the paw parallel to its blade there is a slotted shutter, and in front of the paw there is a bracket with at least one elastic element fixed to it, installed in front of the paw at an obtuse angle to the axis of the row and with approaching the line of the row, characterized in that it is equipped with at least one holder in the form of a head with at least two faces mounted on a bracket with displacement in the transverse and longitudinal directions from each other od key, with threaded fastening on the end with a transverse hole for the elastic member formed as an elastic rod or an elastic wire rope, which provides the buckling stiffness of weeds without damaging the crop plants while moving the elastic member on the surface of the soil. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic element is fixed with the possibility of regulating the pressure on the soil, displacement in the transverse direction and fixing in a predetermined position.

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