RU2491124C1 - Shelling drier - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: process engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to grain processing and may be used for, in particular, fro shelling of wheat and barley as well as for grinding in production of groats. Shelling drier comprises housing 1 with loading pipe 2 and discharge pipe 3, sieve cylinder 5 arranged inside housing 1 and aligned therewith, hollow shaft 6 with holes to accommodate IR radiators 7, abrasive wheels 8 fitted on aid shaft and rings 9 arranged there between. Sieve cylinder 5 has pimples shaped to helical line inclined to cylinder generatrix and arranged over cylinder entire length.

EFFECT: better processing at high moisture content of grain.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices for grain processing and can be used in the grain processing and animal feed industry, in particular for peeling rye, wheat and barley, as well as grinding and polishing barley in the production of cereals.

A known peeling and grinding machine for grain, comprising a loading device, a sieve cylinder, in which a hollow shaft with abrasive disks is placed, an unloading nozzle for grain with control valves, an unloading nozzle for husks and a fan with a suction nozzle, an annular chamber is mounted in the lower part of the sieve cylinder with a uniform cross section, connected to a fan, in the side wall of which there are slots with shutters and in which an annular slope and two dividers are installed, one of which is placed with side of the discharge pipe for husks, and the other from the opposite side (a. with. No. 544245, IPC V02V 3/02, publ. 05.11.76, bull. No. 41).

The disadvantages of this device are low productivity and insufficient processing quality with increased grain moisture and non-intensive mixing of the product.

A known peeling and grinding machine comprising a housing with loading and exhaust nozzles, a vertical shaft mounted in the housing with abrasive wheels horizontally mounted on it, enclosed in a sieve cylinder, rigidly mounted in the housing, guide sectors are mounted motionlessly, obliquely to the plane of the circles, and arcuate races mounted with the possibility of rotation in the horizontal plane, and an impeller is fixed on the shaft under the lower abrasive wheel (a.s. No. 1639738, publ. 07.04.91, bull. No. 13).

The disadvantages of this device are low productivity and insufficient processing quality with increased grain moisture and non-intensive mixing of the product.

The closest to the claimed invention in terms of the number of essential features and technical nature is RF patent No. 2159679, IPC B02B 3/02, published on November 27, 2000, in which a peeling and grinding machine comprising a housing with loading and exhaust pipes installed coaxially in the housing with it a sieve cylinder, a hollow shaft enclosed in it with holes, with abrasive circles fixed on it, between which shells are installed. The hollow shaft is installed horizontally, on it, under the loading nozzle, a feeding screw is located, abrasive wheels are mounted vertically on the shaft, between them air blowers are mounted on the shaft, and shells are located on their outer surface. The sieve cylinder, the inner surface of which is roughened, has perforations in the form of grooves that are inclined to the generatrix of the sieve cylinder. Shells are sets of rings.

The disadvantages of this device are the decrease in the design productivity and quality of the processed product at high grain moisture, incomplete removal of husks and shells from the peeling zone.

An object of the invention is to maintain the estimated performance and improve the quality of processing at high grain moisture.

This problem is solved in a peeling and drying machine, comprising a housing with loading and exhaust pipes, a screen cylinder coaxially mounted with it, a hollow shaft enclosed in it with holes, with abrasive circles fixed to it, between which shells are installed, characterized in that infrared emitters are fixed inside the vertically installed hollow shaft, and between the abrasive wheels located horizontally on the hollow shaft, mesh shells are mounted, and the screen cylinder There is a stamping in the form of a helix located along the entire height, inclined to the generatrix.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of this invention is that in addition to its main function of peeling, the machine can, if necessary, also drying and disinfecting the grain.

The installation of infrared emitters inside the hollow shaft makes it possible, if necessary, to dry and disinfect the grain, that is, to make the machine combined in terms of its functions.

As a rule, in small-sized grain processing lines, husking-grinding machines are installed after the breaking bins, where the grain enters after hydrothermal treatment carried out in humidifying machines, in which water is added to the grain and mixed with an auger. In this case, the amount of water is automatically adjusted depending on the amount of grain entering the machine. This system is simple and works quite efficiently with urban water supply networks. In rural conditions, the water pressure in the supply pipe is not constant and often varies within different limits. In this case, the calculated ratio of water to grain is violated, as a result, the moisture content of the grain entering the hopper for breaking is not always the norm. And if insufficient moisture can be eliminated by re-moistening, then excess humidity is difficult to reduce, because drying lines are not provided in the technological lines after the hopper bins. This leads to a decrease in the productivity of the entire line and increased humidity of the final product (flour, cereals, animal feed).

Figure 1 shows a peeling and drying machine, a General view.

Figure 2 shows a sieve cylinder (detail position 5 see figure 1).

The peeling and drying machine consists of a housing 1, a loading pipe 2, an exhaust pipe 3, a drive 4 installed in the housing 1 coaxially with a screen cylinder 5 with an inner rough surface, a hollow shaft 6 enclosed in it with holes in which infrared emitters 7 are installed and horizontally abrasive circles 8 are fixed along the shaft 6, between which mesh shells 9 are installed, the sieve cylinder 5 has a helical stamping 10 located obliquely to the generatrix of the sieve cylinder, and an integrated fan insulator 11

Husk-drying machine operates as follows.

The drive 4 through the V-belt drive informs the rotation of the hollow shaft 6 and the abrasive wheels 8. The feedstock (grain) to be processed is fed through the loading pipe 2 into the working area between the rotating abrasive wheels 8 and the stationary screen cylinder 5, where due to intense friction on one side about a fixed sieve cylinder 5 and rotating abrasive wheels 8 on the other, when the grain moves, the upper shells of grain are separated, the bulk of which is removed by the aspiration system of the machine. As the grain passes through the working space, the stamping 10 of the sieve cylinder 5, made in the form of a helix, makes it move down the machine in a spiral, which improves the mixing of the layers of grain, the particles of exfoliated shells are faster removed through the perforation of the sieve cylinder 5 and increases the time the grain is inside the machine .

Microwave infrared radiation generated by infrared emitters 7, passing through the mesh shell 9, acts on the grain, is converted into thermal energy, heats the material and evaporates moisture from it. The air sucked in by the fan 11, which is built into the machine body 1, passes inside the hollow shaft 6, cools the infrared emitters 7, heats up and flows through its openings into the drying zone, providing convective heat and mass transfer and vaporization of the evaporated moisture, and is removed to the suction enterprise system. Having reached the bottom of the machine, the grain enters the exhaust pipe 3, from where it is unloaded.

The proposed peeling and grinding machine allows you to maintain the estimated performance when processing grain with high humidity, dry it and disinfect.

Claims (1)

Desiccant-drying machine, comprising a housing with loading and exhaust nozzles, a screen cylinder coaxially mounted with it, a hollow shaft enclosed in it with holes, with abrasive circles fixed to it, shells between which are installed, characterized in that inside the vertically installed hollow infrared emitters are fixed to the shaft, and between the abrasive wheels located on the hollow shaft horizontally, mesh shells are mounted, and the sieve cylinder has over the whole height of the stamps ku in the form of a helix, located obliquely to the generatrix.

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