RU24872U1 - INSTALLATION FOR THE PRODUCTION OF WOOD COAL - Google Patents

Abstract

Charcoal production plant, comprising a horizontally mounted casing, divided in length into a wood drying zone and into its pyrolysis and calcining zone, a device for loading wood into a drying zone, a combustion chamber, a first gas circuit made in the form of a gas duct for supplying gas and vapor from pyrolysis and calcining zones in the combustion chamber, a second gas circuit for supplying flue gases to the drying zone, a chimney, a coal discharge device, characterized in that the drying zone and the pyrolysis and calcining zone are made in the form of a floor x rectangular structures, and the device for loading wood into the drying zone - in the form of a stationary rectangular body for receiving large pieces of wood with a loading mechanism for the continuous supply of vertically placed logs to the drying zone, which, like the wood loading device, is equipped with a longitudinal central partition with control flaps, mounted for alternately blocking the passages formed by the partition, forming a second gas circuit in the form of a gas duct connecting the top of a heated surface the surface of the pyrolysis and calcination zone with the upper part of the drying zone with the possibility of a reverse-countercurrent process of processing raw materials for pyrolysis, moreover, a control damper is made on the chimney, the combustion chamber is installed under the pyrolysis and calcination zone, and the coal unloading device is made in the form of a shaft with a sealed unit connecting removable plugs to the body of the pyrolysis zone and calcination to continuously fill them with calcined coal.

Description

INSTALLATION OF D1Sh PRODUCTION OF WOOD COAL. The utility model relates to the field of production of charcoal by pyrolysis of wood without selecting volatile pyrolysis products and can be used for processing non-visible wood and lumpy waste of wood raw materials in leshozes, in the lower warehouses of timber industry enterprises or timber processing enterprises.

Known installations for the pyrolysis of wood, equipped with tunnels that operate on the principle of external heating by flue gases (Vyrodov V.A., Kislitsyn A, N. Technology of chemical production, M. Desnaya industry, 1987, p.214-219),

The closest of them in terms of technical nature and the achieved result to the claimed installation is a tunnel waggon retort, into which process wood is fed in trolleys along a wide gauge rail track. The trolleys loaded with firewood are equipped with a four-piece coupler and loaded into the drying chamber for drying. After that, the smoke exhaust fan is turned on, which feeds the flue gases leaving the retort furnaces into the drying zone, To KoretsM, cl. 7 F26B 19/00, ШВ 5 / 00.

All retorts have a wood pyrolysis and coal calcination zone. The retort is heated by the flue gases resulting from the combustion of fuel in two grate furnaces located under both ends of the retort. Flue gases enter the drying zone from the bottom of the retort through channels reaching the middle of the drying zone, gases wash the trolleys with firewood from the bottom up, and in the second half of the drying zone from top to bottom and enter the atmosphere through a pipe near the loading doors of the drying zone. After drying, the retort is loaded with dried firewood in trolleys, where the process of carbonization begins. Combined-gas decomposition products are diverted from the retort to refrigeration condensers, and non-condensable gases after washing in scrubbers or steam treatment in absorbent condensers are sent to combustion in furnaces under the retorts. Possible wood ignition is prevented by water irrigation. Coal is unloaded either manually with the lower side grates of the trolleys removed, or with the help of a tilting-tilting machine trolley D.Vyrodov, A. Kislitsyn Technology of forest chemical industries, M. Desnaya industry, 1987, pp. 214-215, prototype).

The known installation has the following significant disadvantages: T) low specific productivity due to:

-low coefficient of utilization of the capacity of carriage retorts;

-Significant time consumption when loading and unloading a retort;

- 2-chaotic arrangement of wood in trolleys, which has great resistance to the flow of coolant and increases the process time;

2) Enough fire extinguishing means;

3) Significant fuel consumption due to:

-installation of the combustion chambers under the ends of the retort;

- lack of chimney flaps.

The technical result of the utility model is the creation of a new design of a plant for the production of charcoal, which has high specific productivity, economical fire safety, high fuel economy.

The technical result is achieved in the design of the installation for the production of charcoal, containing a horizontally mounted casing, divided in length into a zone of drying wood and into a zone of its pyrolysis and calcination of coal. A device for loading wood into a drying zone, a combustion chamber, a first gas circuit, made in the form a gas duct for supplying steam and gas from the pyrolysis and calcining zone to the combustion chamber, a second gas circuit for supplying flue gases to the drying zone, a chimney, a device for unloading coal, in which, according to divisions, the drying zone and the pyrolysis and calcination zone are made in the form of hollow rectangular structures, and the device for loading wood into the drying zone is in the form of a stationary rectangular body for receiving large pieces of wood with a loading mechanism for the continuous supply of vertically placed logs to the drying zone, which, like a device for loading wood, equipped with a longitudinal central partition with 3 regulating dampers mounted with the possibility of alternately overlapping the passages formed by the partition, connecting the second gas circuit in the form of a gas duct connecting the top of the heated surface of the pyrolysis and calcination zone with the upper part of the drying zone with the possibility of reversing the counter-current process of processing raw materials for pyrolysis, moreover, the control chimney is made on the chimney, the combustion chamber is installed in the pyrolysis and calcination zone, and the device for coal unloading is made in the form of a shaft with a sealed unit for connecting removable cages to the body of the pyrolysis and calcination zone for continuous filling them with calcined coal.

In such an installation:

1) Significantly increased specific productivity due to:

-the maximum possible degree of completeness of using the volume of the body;

- implementation of the continuous supply of wood raw materials to the installation and continuous unloading of coal;

-installation of the combustion chamber in the pyrolysis and calcination zone;

-performance on the chimney of the regulating flap, which allows you to adjust the pressure in the drying zone;

-increasing specific moisture removal and speeding up the drying process;

- vertical arrangement of lumpy wood during loading, allowing the coolant to flow along the logs, providing it with minimal resistance and minimizing contact time with the coolant

for using control flaps in the drying zone; 3) High fuel savings due to;

-installation of the combustion chamber in the pyrolysis and calcination zone;

-performance on the chimney of the regulating flap, which reduces heat consumption.

A comparative analysis of the inventive installation for the production of charcoal and the prototype reveals the presence of distinctive features of the claimed installation in comparison with the closest analogue, which allows us to conclude that the proposed solution meets the criteria of novelty.

The presence of distinctive features makes it possible to obtain a positive effect, expressed in the creation of a new

charcoal production plant designs,

specific

with high performance, economical fire safety and high fuel economy.

The use of the claimed utility model in the field of charcoal production provides it with the criterion of industrial applicability.

Installation for the production of charcoal is shown in the drawing, in which Fig. X shows a General view of the installation, Fig. 2 is a top view of the installation, in Fig. 3 a section along A-A, in Fig. 4 a section along B-B , FIG. 4 is a sectional view along the GC.

The apparatus for producing charcoal contains a horizontally mounted building I, divided in length into zone 2 of wood drying and zone 3 of pyrolysis of wood and calcining coal, a device 4 for loading wood into the drying zone, a combustion chamber 5, a first gas circuit made in the form of a gas duct b for supplying steam and gas from aeons

- 5 pyrolysis of wood and calcination of coal into the combustion chamber 5, a second gas circuit for supplying flue gases to the drying zone 2, the chimney 7, a coal unloading device, and the drying zone 2 and the pyrolysis and calcination zone 3 are made in the form of hollow rectangular structures, and the device 4 for loading wood into the drying zone 2 — in the form of a stationary rectangular body for receiving large-sized wood with a loading mechanism 8 for continuously feeding vertically placed logs to the drying zone 2, which, like the device 4 for loading wood, is it is bent by a longitudinal central partition 9 with control flaps 10,11 mounted with the possibility of alternating blocking by a partition 9 of 12DZ passages forming a second gas circuit in the form of a gas duct connecting the top of the heated surface of pyrolysis zone 3 and calcining with the top of zone 2. drying with the possibility of reversing countercurrent process of processing raw materials for pyrolysis, moreover, on the chimney 7 a control damper 14 is made, a combustion chamber 5 is installed under the pyrolysis and calcination zone 3, and the device I unloading coal is designed as a shaft with a sealed removable connection assembly 15 to the housing Kubel zo us 3 pyrolysis and calcination for continuous filling them prokalonnym coal.

Installation for the production of charcoal works as follows.

Wood raw materials in the form of logs 1.0 or 1.5 m long and a thickness of not more than 10 mm, humidity up to $ 50 from loading device 4 by means of mechanism 8 are continuously fed into drying zone 2. The loading mechanism 8 has a cable drive. The raw materials in the drying zone 2 are subjected to reverse-countercurrent heat treatment by direct internal heating of the pyrolysis zone 3 with exhaust flue gases and calcining in the longitudinal direction of the logs from top to bottom or from bottom to top.

To prevent tanning of the dried raw material and uniform drying of logs, it is precisely the reversible heat carrier flow in the drying zone 2 due to a change in the direction of the heat carrier flow to the opposite by means of dampers in the upper duct,

The spent drying coolant is selected through the chimney 7. The pressure in the module is adjusted using the control damper 14 on the chimney 7. Improving the distribution of the coolant in the drying zone 2 allows to reduce heat consumption and increase specific moisture removal.

Dried wood is pushed into zone 3 of its pyrolysis and calcination of coal, where pyrolysis is carried out for 6 hours due to the heated 4 walls. The obtained coal is continuously pushed into the unloading device, and then in the cube 15, which are periodically transported to a specially equipped area for cooling and stabilization.

The resulting pyrolysis steam and gas are fed to the combustion chamber 5 due to the vacuum generated by the draft of the chimney 7. In the combustion chamber 5, the amount of air supplied is regulated, and there is also an initiator of combustion of steam and gas (smoldering coal).

 7 - 8 from the combustion of steam and gas is enough to provide a closed thermal balance of drying and pyrolysis-calcination with wood moisture up to $ 55,

The inventive installation for the production of charcoal differs from the prototype in high specific productivity, economical fire safety and high fuel economy

FORMULA OF A USEFUL MODEL.

A charcoal production plant containing a horizontally mounted casing divided in length into a wood drying zone and into its pyrolysis and calcining zone, a device for loading wood into the drying zone, a combustion chamber, a first gas circuit made in the form of a gas duct for supplying gas and vapor from pyrolysis and calcining zones in the combustion chamber, a second gas circuit for supplying flue gases to the drying zone, a chimney, a coal discharge device, characterized in that the drying zone and the pyrolysis and calcining zone are made in the form of a floor x rectangular structures, and the device for loading wood into the drying zone - in the form of a stationary rectangular body for receiving large pieces of wood with a loading mechanism for the continuous supply of vertically placed logs to the drying zone, which, like the wood loading device, is equipped with a longitudinal central partition with control flaps, mounted for alternately blocking the aisles formed by the partition, forming a second gas circuit in the form of a gas duct connecting the top of the heated surface the surface of the pyrolysis and calcination zone with the upper part of the drying zone with the possibility of a reverse-countercurrent process of processing raw materials for pyrolysis, moreover, the control chimney is made on the chimney, the combustion chamber is installed under the pyrolysis and calcination zone, and the coal unloading device is made in the form of a shaft with a sealed unit connecting removable cages to the body of the pyrolysis zone and calcination to continuously fill them with calcined coal.

equipped with a longitudinal central partition 9 with control flaps 10,11, mounted with the possibility of alternating blocking of the passages 12,13 formed by the partition 9, forming a second gas circuit in the form of a gas duct connecting the top of the heated surface of pyrolysis zone 3 and calcining with the possibility of drying zone 2 reverse-countercurrent process of processing raw materials for pyrolysis, moreover, on the chimney 7 a control damper 14 is made, the combustion chamber 5 is installed under the pyrolysis and calcination zone 3, and the device for coal unloading, it is made in the form of a mine with a sealed unit for connecting removable cages 15 to the case of zone 3 of pyrolysis and calcination to continuously fill them with calcined coal,

I p, f .; 5 ill.

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Claims (1)

Charcoal production plant, comprising a horizontally mounted casing, divided in length into a wood drying zone and into its pyrolysis and calcining zone, a device for loading wood into a drying zone, a combustion chamber, a first gas circuit made in the form of a gas duct for supplying gas and vapor from pyrolysis and calcining zones in the combustion chamber, a second gas circuit for supplying flue gases to the drying zone, a chimney, a coal discharge device, characterized in that the drying zone and the pyrolysis and calcining zone are made in the form of a floor x rectangular structures, and the device for loading wood into the drying zone - in the form of a stationary rectangular body for receiving large pieces of wood with a loading mechanism for the continuous supply of vertically placed logs to the drying zone, which, like the wood loading device, is equipped with a longitudinal central partition with control flaps, mounted for alternately blocking the passages formed by the partition, forming a second gas circuit in the form of a gas duct connecting the top of a heated surface the surface of the pyrolysis and calcining zone with the upper part of the drying zone with the possibility of a reverse-countercurrent process of processing raw materials for pyrolysis, moreover, a control damper is made on the chimney, the combustion chamber is installed under the pyrolysis and calcining zone, and the coal unloading device is made in the form of a shaft with a sealed unit connecting removable plugs to the body of the pyrolysis zone and calcination to continuously fill them with calcined coal.