RU2472071C1 - Oven - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: personal use articles.

SUBSTANCE: oven, mainly for bath-house, comprises an oven housing, preferably made of metal, with a door to load fuel and a furnace located within the said housing, a smoke pipe connecting the furnace cavity with the surrounding atmosphere, a container with heat exchange coarse material, preferably naturally occurring stones located in the container in the vicinity of the combustion zone of the oven, and in the said container a device for feeding the evaporative fluid to the heat exchange coarse material is mounted for steam generation, which comprises at least two articulated together hollow sections forming a T-shaped housing of the device, and one section is mounted horizontally or practically horizontally. And its flow cross-section in the output parts is reduced, preferably the ends are made plugged, and the other section is mounted vertically or practically vertically, and along the entire housing of the L-shaped device the channels are made which connect the cavity of the device with the cavities inside the heat exchange material and/or with the heat exchange material itself.

EFFECT: simplifying the design and improvement of the efficiency of the device operation, obtaining the steam of adjustable temperature and humidity.

8 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the design of furnaces and a method for generating superheated steam and can be used in the equipment of stationary and mobile types of baths, as well as for heating domestic and industrial premises.

Known furnace for a bath containing a metal body, a furnace, a chamber with stones located in it and a chimney mounted above the chamber. During operation, clean steam is obtained by pouring hot water on the stones (Patent RU 2005263 C1, F24B 1/24, 03/07/1993).

The disadvantages of these furnaces are the possibility of flue gases entering the steam room and the presence of large drops of boiled water brought up to 70% in relative humidity. However, it is impossible to obtain superheated steam with a relative humidity of less than 25%.

Known methods for producing superheated steam from high-pressure wet steam by separating the liquid from the steam, throttling and overheating by heat exchange with saturated steam and thereby increase efficiency (Patent SU 561048 A, F22G 1/10, 08/01/1977).

The disadvantages of the methods are the need for an additional steam generator and the difficulty of stabilizing the temperature of superheated steam.

Known furnace "Geyser" for steam, containing a metal casing with a furnace, chimney and an open container with coarse-grained material, the open container is placed in the upper part of the furnace from the side of the heated room, the furnace contains a pressure vessel with coarse-grained material and installed in its upper part, a moisture distributing device connected to the tank for the vaporizing liquid by means of a dispenser, is integrated a throttle pipe which is passing through the heat exchange coarse material and the upper part of the furnace in said open container, providing additional superheat formed in the pressure vessel of the superheated steam in the upper part of the furnace and due to the regenerative heat exchange with the coarse material. In this case, the liquid dispenser can be made in the form of a throttle channel, or in the form of a valve with manual control, or in the form of an electromagnetic valve connected to a control unit for supplying a liquid with a predetermined time duty cycle between inclusions. Overheating of the throttled steam is carried out in the upper part of the throttle pipe passing through the furnace, and by recuperative heat exchange with coarse material in an additional container (RF Patent No. 2250417, IPC: F24B 1/24 - prototype).

The specified furnace for the bath "Geyser" works as follows.

Fuel is put into the furnace of the metal case of the furnace modification under consideration through the door and ignited. Residues from combustible fuel wake up through the grate to the blower. Hot gas generated from the combustion of fuel rises up the furnace, heats the coarse heat-exchanging coarse material in the tank and container, as well as steam in the upper part of the throttle pipe. Then the hot gas, rising up through the through chimney, heats the water tank. Gradually, the coarse-grained material is heated to (350 ... 450) ° C, heating the air in the room to (60 ... 100) ° C.

The method of steam overheating is as follows.

To obtain superheated steam, the vaporizing liquid from the tank through the throttle channel with the pipe enters the moisture distribution device. The heating of the liquid occurs when it comes in contact with a heat-exchange coarse-grained material. The resulting saturated steam rises to the upper part of the tank and then, as its volume increases, it seeps through the material under its own pressure, heats even more than 100 ° C and enters the inlet of the throttle pipe in the lower part of the tank. Next, superheated steam is heated in a horizontal section of the throttle pipe in the upper part of the furnace. The throttled steam enters an open container and, in the process of recuperative heat exchange with coarse material, overheats above 110 ° C, heating the room.

The main disadvantage of this method of producing steam is the following.

The vapor-forming liquid is supplied from the moisture distribution device in the form of drops or a dosed liquid stream directly to the heated coarse material. This supply leads to the fact that part of the liquid evaporates without falling into the throttle pipe, which leads to a decrease in efficiency and an off-design mode of operation of the steam generating device. In addition, the presence of a sufficiently long horizontal section in the throttle pipe leads to additional resistance when the resulting steam moves horizontally, while at the exit a horizontally moving steam must overcome the resistance of the path formed by the coarse-grained heat-exchange material.

The objective of the proposed technical solution is to create a furnace with a device that allows you to get steam with adjustable temperature and humidity, simplifying the design and increasing the efficiency of the device to obtain it.

This problem is solved due to the fact that in the proposed furnace, mainly for a bath, according to the invention, the furnace contains a housing, preferably a metal one, with a door for loading fuel and with a firebox located inside the specified housing, a chimney connecting the cavity of the furnace with the surrounding atmosphere, a container with coarse heat-exchanging material, preferably natural stones, located in the container in the immediate vicinity of the combustion zone of the furnace, wherein in said container but a device for supplying vaporizing liquid to a coarse-dispersed heat-exchanging material for producing steam, comprising at least two hollow sections interconnected, forming an L-shaped device body, one section being installed horizontally or almost horizontally, while its passage section is in the output parts are reduced, preferably, the ends are muffled, while the other section is installed vertically or almost vertically, moreover, the entire body of the L-shaped device is made The channels connecting the cavity of the device with the cavities inside the heat exchange material and / or the heat exchange material itself.

In an embodiment, said L-shaped device is installed in the container at least below the first layer of coarse heat-exchanging material, preferably below the second. This solution allows you to feed a vapor-forming liquid into the heat exchange material, which will provide steam at the outlet with the required temperature and humidity.

In an embodiment, the vertically located section is configured to be moved from one end of the horizontally located section to the other. This technical solution allows you to optimize the design of the device for supplying a vaporizing liquid and its location in the heat exchange material.

In an embodiment, at least one branch is performed on a horizontally located section. This solution allows you to increase the distribution area of the vaporizing liquid in the heat exchange material.

In an embodiment, the channels for supplying vaporizing liquid from the cavity of the specified device are formed by connecting the housing elements to each other with an intermittent weld. This solution allows you to get additional channels for supplying a vaporizing liquid into the coarse heat-exchanging material.

In an embodiment, a funnel and / or non-return valve are installed in the upper part of the upright section. The presence of a funnel allows to improve the service conditions of the device for producing steam, and the presence of a non-return valve eliminates the possibility of splashing out of the vaporizing liquid from the funnel when the specified liquid enters the heated coarse material and its instant boiling.

In an embodiment, the length of the L-shaped device is l = (0.25 ... 0.9) L, where l is the length of the device, L is the length of the furnace.

The lower value of the specified ratio is selected on the basis that with a further decrease in it, the volume of vaporizing liquid poured into the device case decreases, which leads to a reduction in the time between furnace servicing and a decrease in the volume of produced steam.

The upper value of the specified ratio is selected based on the fact that with its further increase, the volume of coarse heat-generating material placed between the walls of the furnace and the device decreases, which leads to a deterioration in the thermal regime of the furnace.

In an embodiment, the perimeter of the passage section of a horizontally located section of the L-shaped device is p = (0.1 ... 0.4) l, where p is the perimeter of the passage section, l is the length of the device.

The lower value of the specified ratio is selected on the basis that with a further decrease in it, the volume of vaporizing liquid poured into the device case decreases, which leads to a reduction in the time between furnace servicing and a decrease in the volume of produced steam.

The upper value of the specified ratio is selected on the basis that with a further increase in it, the volume of the vaporizing liquid poured into the device case increases, which can lead to its boiling up in the device case due to the fact that the entire volume does not have time to leak through the channels. This also entails a decrease in the volume of coarse heat-generating material placed between the walls of the furnace and the device, which leads to a deterioration in the thermal regime of the furnace.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a furnace with a device for supplying a vaporizing liquid, side view, Fig. 2 shows a furnace with a device for supplying a vaporizing liquid, front view, Fig. 3 is a vaporizing device in a perspective view.

The furnace contains a metal housing 1 with a furnace 2, a chimney 3 and an open container 4 with coarse heat-exchanging material 5. An open container 4 is placed in the upper part of the furnace 2 from the side of the heated room. In coarse material 5, a device 6 is installed for supplying a vaporizing liquid to the heat exchange material 5 to produce steam. The device 6 contains at least two articulated, hollow sections 7 and 8, forming the body of the L-shaped device. Section 7 is located horizontally or almost horizontally, while its bore in the output parts is reduced, preferably, the ends 9 are muffled. Section 8 is installed vertically or almost vertically. Throughout the entire body of the L-shaped device, channels 10 are made, mainly in the form of through holes connecting the cavity of the device 6 with the environment, and channels 11 formed by performing an intermittent weld. In an embodiment, at least one branch 12 with channels 10 and 11 is made on a horizontally located section 7. A funnel 13 with a check valve 14 is installed in the input part of section 8.

The proposed furnace operates as follows.

Fuel is placed in the furnace 2 of the furnace and set on fire. When the fuel is burned, combustion products with a high temperature are formed, which, passing through the chimney 3 through coarse heat-exchanging material 5, placed in the container 4, heat it. In coarse material 5, preferably, under several layers of the specified material, a device 6 is installed for supplying a vaporizing liquid to the heat exchange material 5 to produce steam. Through a funnel 13, a vapor-forming liquid, mainly water, is poured into the body of the device 6. To protect against possible splashing of water from the funnel 13, a check valve 14 is installed, which passes water into the section 8 and prevents its backward discharge along with steam.

Water through a vertically installed section 8 passes through the heated layers of heat-transfer material and practically does not heat up, while part of the water through channels 11 on section 8 falls on the inner layers of the heat-transfer material 5. From section 8, water enters the horizontally located section 7 and also through channels 10 falls on the inner layers of the heat exchange material 5.

When water gets directly onto the preheated coarse heat-exchanging material 5, it instantly heats up with the formation of steam containing a sufficiently large number of large drops of boiled water. When passing through the layers of preheated coarse material 5, preferably from two or more, from the place of entry to the environment, the steam obtained is heated further by heat exchange with the specified material, while the percentage of moisture in it decreases, and the temperature of the vapor rises . Thus, steam enters the steam room with the required humidity and temperature, without large drops of boiled water, which provides comfortable conditions for staying in the steam room.

The tests of the proposed furnace carried out by the author and the applicant confirmed the correctness of the design and technological solutions and the proposed criteria.

Using the proposed technical solution will allow you to create a furnace that provides steam with controlled temperature and humidity, simplify the design and increase the efficiency of the device for its production.

Claims (8)

1. The furnace, mainly for a bath, characterized in that it contains a furnace body, preferably a metal one, with a door for loading fuel and with a furnace placed inside the specified body, a chimney connecting the cavity of the furnace with the surrounding atmosphere, a container with coarse-grained material preferably by stones of natural origin located in the container in the immediate vicinity of the combustion zone of the furnace, while a container for supplying a vaporizing liquid is installed in said container and on a heat-exchange coarse material for producing steam, containing at least two hollow sections articulated to one another, forming a L-shaped body of the device, one section being installed horizontally or almost horizontally, while its passage section in the output parts is reduced, preferably, the ends are muffled, while the other section is mounted vertically or almost vertically, with channels connecting the cavity of the device from the strips being made throughout the entire body of the L-shaped device inside the heat exchange material and / or the heat exchange material itself. 2. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the said L-shaped device is installed in the container at least below the first layer of coarse heat-exchanging material, preferably below the second. 3. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertically located section of the device is arranged to rearrange it from one end of the horizontally located section to the other. 4. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one outlet is made on the horizontally located section. 5. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the channels for supplying vaporizing liquid from the cavity of the specified device are formed by connecting the housing elements to each other by an intermittent weld. 6. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that in the upper part of the vertically standing section of the L-shaped device, a funnel and / or non-return valve is installed. 7. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the L-shaped device is l = (0.25 ... 0.9) L, where l is the length of the device; L is the length of the furnace. 8. The furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that the perimeter of the passage section of a horizontally located section of the L-shaped device is ρ = (0.1 ... 0.4) l, where ρ is the perimeter of the passage section; l is the length of the device.

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