RU2331033C1 - Multistage electromagnetic accelerator with acceleration sensor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapon.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to arms, particularly, to electro-magnetic launching device. The multistage line electromagnetic accelerator of solenoid type contains the ferromagnetic shell, cylindrical nonmagnetic barrel with the tractional actuator fixed thereon in alignment, the line accelerator sensor, commutation devices of actuator coils according to the signals of processing control device and condensing generator. The alternate switching of the actuators is carried out with accurate position of the shell inside of each actuator. The information for determination of the shell position is the signal of momentary level of recoil, which entries to the process operating device from the line accelerator sensor of the tube.

EFFECT: efficiency increase of usage of the whole length of the tube and resistance to countermeasures of the construction.

2 dwg

Description

In the technique of electromagnetic acceleration of bodies linear multi-stage accelerators are known [1-9]. The accelerator steps are switched on alternately, depending on the position of the projectile. To track the position of the projectile, the accelerator in each stage has its own projectile position sensor.

The closest analogue of the claimed accelerator is an electromagnetic accelerator [8], which has the following disadvantages: the accelerator has a reduced efficiency caused by the incomplete use of the barrel length due to the placement of individual solenoids with gaps for sensors, high design complexity due to the use of individual sensors in each stage and low noise immunity, caused by the proximity of the power and signal circuits of each stage.

The objective of the proposed solution is to build an effective accelerator with a large number of steps, with the solenoids placed on the trunk close to each other, without gaps in length, having high noise immunity due to the spatial separation of sensors and power electrical circuits, increasing the reliability of the accelerator by using only one shell position sensor in the design, common to all steps.

This technical problem is solved as follows.

A multi-stage linear electromagnetic accelerator of the solenoid type contains a ferromagnetic projectile, a cylindrical non-magnetic barrel with traction solenoids coaxially mounted on it, a barrel acceleration sensor, means for switching solenoid windings according to the signals of the control device, and a capacitor energy source.

The invention has the following new features that distinguish it from the known ones: the exact determination of the required moment of switching the solenoids occurs by the level of the signal entering the control device from one, common to all stages of the linear acceleration sensor of the barrel, measuring recoil acceleration.

Figure 1 shows the connection diagram of the main parts of the accelerator.

The numbers on the diagram indicate:

1 - ferromagnetic shell;

2 - trunk;

3 - traction solenoid;

4 - control device;

5 - sensor linear acceleration of the barrel;

6 - means of alternating switching of the solenoid windings;

7 - capacitor energy source.

A multi-stage electromagnetic accelerator is arranged as follows: a ferromagnetic projectile 1 moves inside a cylindrical non-magnetic barrel 2 and is accelerated due to the magnetic field of the traction solenoids 3 coaxially mounted on the barrel and working alternately.

The control device 4 receives from the sensor 5 information about the linear acceleration of the barrel caused by the recoil force of the accelerated projectile. Based on information from the acceleration sensor, the control device controls the switching means 6, alternately connecting the solenoids to the capacitor source 7.

Description of the accelerator.

Figure 2 graphically shows the experimental dependence of the force acting on the projectile on the position of the projectile relative to the solenoid. The dependence is given for the case of passage through the winding of a DC solenoid. The graph shows the initial position X1 of the projectile, at which the acceleration stage starts, and the position of full retraction X0, at which the current in the solenoid winding must be turned off. If the current in the solenoid is turned off later, when the projectile has already passed the X0 position and starts to fly out of the solenoid, the projectile will be decelerated by the magnetic field of the solenoid due to reverse retraction. As can be seen from the graph of figure 2, when the projectile moves from position X1 to position X0, the retraction force gradually increases, reaches a certain maximum, and to the position X0 the force drops to zero.

Simplified operation of the accelerator is as follows.

At the initial moment, the signal in the control device turns on the current in the winding of the first solenoid. The force of the electromagnetic interaction arising between the solenoid and the projectile acts on both of these objects, causing their counter acceleration, opposite in direction. In this case, the force acting on the projectile causes its accelerated movement inside the solenoid, towards the target, and the force acting on the solenoid causes the accelerator to accelerate in the direction opposite to the projectile movement - recoil occurs. The acceleration sensor moves together with the barrel and produces an information signal proportional to the instantaneous value of the barrel acceleration. At this time, the projectile continues to be pulled into the solenoid. As the projectile approaches the position of full retraction, the interaction force of the solenoid and the projectile decreases and in the position of full retraction becomes equal to zero. At this moment, to prevent the braking of the projectile during further movement from the solenoid, it is necessary to turn off the current in this solenoid and turn on the current in the next one. At the same moment, the projectile, leaving the solenoid, moves by inertia forward, towards the target, to the next solenoid, and the entire accelerator moves backward by inertia of the first stage. At the point of the projectile fully retracting into the solenoid, the projectile acceleration and recoil force are zero, and the acceleration sensor generates a signal of zero level. This value of the signal from the sensor is information about the exact location of the projectile in the fully retracted position inside the solenoid. Based on this sensor signal, the control device turns off the current in the exhaust solenoid and turns on the current in the next stage solenoid. The projectile and the next solenoid begin to interact and again acceleration appears, increasing the velocity of the projectile toward the target and increasing recoil, increasing the velocity of the entire accelerator in the direction opposite to the motion of the projectile. On the acceleration sensor, a signal appears again, corresponding to the acceleration of the barrel during recoil. As soon as the signal stops, the control device will turn off the current in the second solenoid and turn on the current in the next, third solenoid. Thus, all stages of the accelerator are switched on alternately based on the signal of a single acceleration sensor.

In a real design, after the solenoid is disconnected from the capacitor source, the current in the solenoid winding does not disappear instantly, but due to the inductance of the winding, it decreases for some time off, depending on the damping circuits of the self-induction EMF of the solenoid winding and the overload capacity of the switching means. Therefore, the control device begins to switch stages in advance, without waiting for the exact position of the complete retraction of the projectile in the solenoid. To do this, during the operation of each stage, the control device captures the maximum signal level from the sensor, corresponding to the maximum acceleration of the stage, and begins to turn off the solenoid when the acceleration decreases below a certain value, depending on the fixed maximum level. Thus, by the time the projectile is fully retracted, the current in the solenoid winding has time to decrease to an insignificant value and during operation the projectile does not slow down when it leaves the solenoid.

The application of the proposed technical solutions allows to increase the accelerator efficiency due to more dense placement of solenoids along the entire length of the barrel, without gaps, and to switch the accelerator stages at optimal time points using one acceleration sensor common to all stages. At the same time, a high noise immunity of the system is achieved, since the signal circuit of the sensor and the power supply circuit of the solenoids are spatially separated from each other.

Information sources

1. Patent of Russia No. 2267074. Electromagnetic accelerator propelled body. IPC: F41B 6/00.

2. Patent of Russia No. 2258885. Electromagnetic accelerator with rotation of the projectile. IPC: F41B 6/00.

3. US Patent No. 5,168,118. Method for electromagnetic acceleration of an object. IPC: F41B 6/00.

4. US Patent No. 5,125,321. Apparatus for and method of operating a cylindrical pulsed induction mass launcher. IPC: F41B 6/00.

5. US patent No. 5024137. Fuel assisted electromagnetic launcher. IPC: F41B 6/00.

6. US patent No. 4926741. Apparatus for driving a coil launcher. IPC: F41F 1/02.

7. US Patent No. 3611783. Electromagnetically energized impact forming device. IPC: B21J 7/30.

8. US Patent No. 2235201. Electrcic gun. US cl .: 124/3 89/8 310/14.

9. US patent No. 1241333. Gun US cl .: 124/3 89/8 310/14.

Claims (1)

A multistage linear electromagnetic accelerator of the solenoid type for throwing ferromagnetic shells, containing a cylindrical barrel of non-magnetic material with traction solenoids coaxially mounted on it with means for switching their windings according to the signals of the control device and a capacitor energy source, characterized in that it is equipped with a sensor for measuring linear acceleration of the barrel, designed to use the measured value of the acceleration of the barrel when it is returned, as a signal to control the medium switching properties.

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