RU2329036C1 - Method of animal's wound combined treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine; veterinary science.

SUBSTANCE: method provides wound toilet. Then wound is put for 2-3 times a day with composite agent, consisting of gizzard stomach cuticle, bentonite, phosphogypsum, lactic acid, methylcellulose and distilled water. Animal is place in an open-air cage (room) furnished with photocatalystic disinfecting cleaner "Aerolife".

EFFECT: reduced treatment time of injured animals.

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Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, relates to a combined method and can be used to treat wounds in animals.

At the present stage of the development of surgery, there is a tendency to increase the frequency of purulent-inflammatory processes that complicate the treatment of the postoperative period in surgical patients [1].

The increase in the number of patients with acute purulent diseases of soft tissues is associated with a decrease in the effectiveness of antibiotic therapy, a change in the nature of microflora, an increase in its antibiotic resistance as a result of the widespread use of antimicrobial agents and the administration of too low doses, as well as with a change in the immunobiological resistance of the body [2]; the almost impossible fulfillment of the goal of destroying poorly studied populations, periodically releasing ecological niches by means of poorly justified disinfection measures and other direct or indirect human actions that perform a selective role, provide abnormal outbreaks of the number of various pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms.

On the other hand, the concentration of a large number of animals in limited areas, their year-round stay in enclosed areas with easel or cage content, the use of industrial feeds and other processes began to cause animals to weaken their health and constitution, deep metabolic disorders, decreased productivity, the emergence of new diseases [3].

More than 60 types of pathogenic microorganisms can exist in the air of livestock and medical facilities, in addition, if sanitary standards are violated (insufficient ventilation, solar insolation, poor disinfection, etc.), molds, fungi, etc. can develop in the premises. In this way, resistant colonies are artificially created that are constantly in contact with animals and humans, which leads to repeated or chronic contamination. Air is a natural aerosol. The vast majority of microorganisms are in a dusty environment and tend to accumulate in it (while the pathogen is in an organic substrate, the amount of which is much larger in comparison with the mass of the microbe, which makes it difficult to disinfect with chemicals), they are dispersed in hard-to-reach places, moved by air currents, creating potential foci of infection.

As a result, one of the main problems of surgery is the prevention and treatment of purulent-inflammatory diseases in animals.

Depending on the time, the wounds can be fresh (24-36 hours), inflamed and complicated by infection. If the wound is inflamed, then there are two phases of wound inflammation: hydration (there is a swelling of dead tissue colloids, hydrolysis, the development of phagocytosis, the formation of a biological barrier) and dehydration (there is a decrease in the inflammatory response, reduction of edema, degenerative processes prevail over necrotic, acidosis decreases). There are two processes in the dehydration phase - granulation and epidermization with scarring.

When treating wounds, the phase and biology of the wound process, as well as the biophysical and chemical changes that occur after the wound, during healing and during treatment, are taken into account. Tricilin is used to powder wounds after surgical treatment. Alkaline osmotherapy of wounds is carried out in the first phase of the wound process, sodium bicarbonate is used in a mixture with iodine for drainage of wounds and purulent-necrotic cavities. If the wound is complicated by a purulent or anaerobic infection, calcium chloride is used to drain festering wounds, with sluggish, swollen, bleeding granulations - potassium permanganate for irrigation of wounds and opened anaerobic foci, 2% chloramine solution for long-term irrigation of the wound cavity [4].

Antibiotic therapy is also performed. Antibiotics are used in the form of solutions for irrigation of wounds and wetting of drains. Antibiotic solutions are prepared before use. Benzylpenicillin, bicillin are used [4, 5].

Collagen sponges are used - this is a very promising material due to its structural biological compatibility with the connective tissue of a living organism. Having a number of positive properties, collagen preparations form strong complexes with medicinal substances and stimulate regenerative and recovery processes [4].

All of the above pharmacological agents are single-component and have a limited effect on wound healing processes.

In parallel with pharmacological agents in the treatment of surgical wounds, physicochemical methods of sterilizing the air of hospitals are used. Known methods for neutralizing and disinfecting rooms, such as the use of carbon filters, aerosols, quartz lamps and laser radiation, have significant disadvantages, for example, in the first case, microorganisms are not deactivated and not all toxic substances are disinfected, household air purifiers using this technology have high operating costs, and in case of untimely change of filters, the air purifier itself becomes a source of harmful substances.

In the second case, harmful substances are not detoxified, in the third - low antibacterial effectiveness, lack of detoxification and harmful effects on humans and animals (nitrogen oxides, ozone, etc. are generated) [5, 6, 7, 8].

The closest technical solution is a method of treating wounds in animals - therapy using the method of photocatalytic oxidation of organic and inorganic substrates, the indicated method is implemented in the device "Aerolife" [9, 10].

The disadvantage of this method is that this method does not allow to effectively destroy and dispose of microorganisms and products of inflammation that are in the wound, in addition, there is no wound-healing and wound-healing effect.

Promising in this regard may be the development of a combined method of treating wounds in animals, including a physical method of influencing the acceleration of the healing process in combination with a pharmacological agent that affects all stages of wound healing - both hydration and dehydration.

The technical result of the invention is the reduction of treatment time for injured animals.

This goal is achieved by using, in addition to the aforementioned Aerolife instrument, a composite agent containing a cuticle of the muscle of the bird’s stomach, bentonite, phosphogypsum, lactic acid, methylcellulose, distilled water in the following ratio of components, wt.%

cuticle of the muscle of the bird - 19.0

bentonite - 25.0

phosphogypsum - 10.0

lactic acid - 1.0

methyl cellulose - 0.8

distilled water - 44.2

Cuticle - the mucous membrane of the chicken glandular stomach contains biologically active substances: pepsin A, D, S, a set of vital amino acids, trace elements (calcium, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, nitrogen, manganese, iron, copper, zinc, sodium, potassium, etc. ) [eleven].

Chicken pepsin is obtained from the cuticle, with a molecular weight of about 35,000, an isoelectric point at a pH of about 1. The pepsin molecule is a polypeptide chain consisting of 340 amino acid residues. Pepsin is produced in the gastric mucosa in an inactive form (pepsinogen). The cuticle produces a secret - hydrochloric acid [12]. Under the influence of hydrochloric acid, a part of the molecule that served as an inhibitor of pepsin is cleaved from pepsinogen (molecular mass of about 42,000), after which active centers open and the pepsin molecule becomes active (molecular weight of pepsin is about 35,000). In addition, hydrochloric acid destroys the microorganisms entering the stomach with food. Under the influence of pepsin, peptides are formed from fodder proteins, which include an average of 5-10 amino acids. Pepsin (endopeptidase) actively shows its catalytic effect at the level of internal peptide bonds of aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine) of the polypeptide chain, thus leading to the production of polypeptides. The catalytic activity of pepsin is high: 1 g of crystalline pepsin can hydrolyze in 1 hour up to 25 kg of denatured egg protein [13]. Pepsin activity increases in an acidic environment.

The cuticle is a waste of the poultry industry, obtained from the mucous membrane of the glandular stomach. A cuticle is obtained from birds immediately after slaughter or after they are stored frozen. A pharmacologically active substance is obtained by drying the cuticle at a temperature of 18-22 ° C to 8% of the mass fraction of moisture [11].

Bentonite is a natural aluminum silicate, enriched with salts of alkali and alkaline earth metals, contains more than 40 different elements vital for animals: silicon, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, cobalt, iodine and others [10].

Phosphogypsum - CaSO ₄ · 2H ₂ O contains calcium sulfate dehydrate (CaSO ₄ · 2H ₂ O (at least 92%), alkali metal silicofluorides (Na, K) ₂ SiF ₆ , calcium fluoride CaF ₂ , iron and aluminum phosphates PO ₄ · 2H ₂ O and AlPO ₄ · 2H ₂ O, fluorapatites Ca (PO ₄ ) ₃ · F, nepheline (Na, K) AlSiO ₄ · nSiO ₂ , silicates Fe and Al [10].

Lactic acid - organic acid is formed in animal tissues, especially in muscles and plants during conservation, during fermentation by microorganisms [14].

Methyl cellulose is a polysaccharide that is the main structural part of the cells of the land and sea world. More than 50% of the total organic carbon of the biosphere is bound in the form of methyl cellulose. Therefore, in terms of prevalence, it can be put in first place among all organic substances of living nature [15].

With the combined use of the Aerolife photocatalytic disinfectant cleaner and a composite agent, on the one hand, highly effective disposal of formaldehyde, carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen oxides, bacteria, viruses and fungal spores from the air occurs, and on the other hand, the composite preparation will contribute to the fastest regenerative process and improvement of trophism of the pathological focus.

The method is implemented as follows: a wound toilet is carried out, a composite agent is placed in the wound 2-3 times a day (depending on the condition and complexity of the wound). The animal is placed in an enclosure (room), in which the Aerolife photocatalytic cleaner-disinfector is located. Indicated feeding.

The essence of the method is illustrated by example.

Example

In order to determine the effectiveness of the claimed method, 3 groups of dogs were formed, 3 heads each, in which random wounds were recorded. In the first group, tricillin, sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate in a 10% alcohol solution were used, and after 2 days peat oxidate was additionally used [5]; the second group was not treated with pharmacological preparations; only the Aerolife device was used; the third group of animals was treated by the claimed method: the device "Aerolife" and a composite tool containing a cuticle of the muscular stomach of a bird, bentonite, phosphogypsum, lactic acid, methyl cellulose, distilled water in the following ratio, wt.%:

cuticle of the muscle of the bird - 19.0

bentonite - 25.0

phosphogypsum - 10.0

lactic acid - 1.0

methyl cellulose - 0.8

distilled water - 44.2

Drugs began to be applied after 12 hours, twice a day. Dogs received only topical treatment in one of the ways described above. The dogs had no other treatment. Treatment was carried out daily until complete recovery. The results of the clinical examination are presented in the table.

The effectiveness of different methods of treating wounds in animals Group number Method of treatment Duration of complete wound healing, 24 hours one Tricillin, magnesium sulfate, peat oxidate 8.5-9.0 2 Only Aerolife device More than 12 3 The claimed method 6.5-6.85

As can be seen from table 1, the best results on the timing of wound healing were obtained in the group of animals that used the claimed method.

Our studies convincingly prove that when applying the proposed method in operating and procedural boxes for the effective treatment of surgical diseases, we observed pronounced sterilizing activity against any aerogenic microflora, all odors were removed, thus ensuring the necessary hygiene and sterility of the premises.

The inventive method when applied does not cause complications and has no contraindications.

Information sources

1. Struchkov V.I. Errors, complications and issues of the rational use of antibiotics in surgery. / V.I. Struchkov, V.K.Gostishchev. // Bulletin of Surgery. I.I. Grekova. - 1973. - No. 9. - C.3-8.

2. Kurbangaliev S.M. Purulent infection in surgery. - M.: Medicine, 1985 .-- 272 p.

3. Shakhov A.G. Environmental problems of animal health and ways to solve them. / A.G. Shakhov, M.N. Argunov, B.C. Buzlama. // Veterinary medicine. - 2003. - No. 5. - C.3-6.

4. General clinical veterinary formulation. /Directory. M .: Kolos, 2000 - S.325-335.

5. Bashkirov B.A. General Veterinary Surgery. / B.A. Bashkirov, A.D. Belov et al. - Moscow, 1990.

6. Akatov V.A. Ultrasound and its use in veterinary medicine / V.A. Akatov. - M .: Kolos, 1970.

7. Aerosols for disinfection of livestock buildings. Guidelines. Makhachkala. 1983.

8. Mikhailov N.V. The mechanism of the treatment-stimulating effect of the laser beam on the animal organism and increase their productivity. / N.V. Mikhailov. - Kazan, 1985.

9. Guidelines for the use of the Aerolife photocatalytic air purifier-disinfectant for the prevention of animal diseases. / Under the total. ed. prof. M.N. Argunova. - Voronezh, 2004 .-- 11 p.

10. Taravkov A.A. The drug "Bentos" in the experiment and clinic for violations of the mineral metabolism of laying hens. Abstract. dis. candidate vet. sciences. / A.A. Taravkov. - Voronezh, VNIVIPFiT, 2006. - 22 p.

11. Shchedrov I.N. The drug "Fosbek" in the experiment and clinic for diarrheal syndrome of broiler chickens: abstract. dis. Cand. vet. Science. / I.N.Shedrov. - Voronezh, 2005 .-- 22 p.

12. Lysov V.F. Features of functional systems and the foundations of the ethology of poultry. / V.F. Lysov, V.I. Maksimov. - Moscow, 2003 .-- 91 s.

13. Zaitsev S.Yu. Biochemistry of animals. / S.Yu. Zaitsev, Yu.V. Konopatov. - Moscow, 2004 .-- 383 p.

14. R. Dawson, D. Elliot, C. Jones. Handbook of biochemist. / Moscow, Mir, 1991, s-47-48.

15. Tsvetikova O.N. Pharmaco-toxicology and the effectiveness of the drug MCC in animal toxicosis. // Abstract of dissertation for the degree of candidate of biological sciences. / Voronezh, 1999

Claims (1)

A method of combined treatment of wounds in animals, including the use of the device "Aerolife", characterized in that it further use a composite tool consisting of the following components, wt.%: muscle cuticle of the bird  19.0 bentonite  25.0 phosphogypsum  10.0 lactic acid  1,0 cellulose  0.8 distilled water  44,2