RU2326534C2 - Herbicidal items and method of weeds abatement - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: herbicidal items are described which contain alcohol esters C₇-C₉ 3,6-dihlorpiridin-2-carboxylic acid normal and isomeric structure or in combination in the number of 200-550 g/l in terms of acid. The herbicidal items are presented in the form of concentrate emulsion. Also an abatement of weeds in cereal crops, sugar beets, canola, fiber flax is described by herbicidal items processing which contain such substances as alcohol esters C₇-C₉ 3,6-dihlorpiridin-2-carboxylic acid normal and isomeric structure or in combination in the number of 200-550 g/l in terms of acid, with the normal flow of existing substances 0.05-0.09 kg / ha.

EFFECT: effective destruction of weeds, regardless of weather conditions.

7 cl, 5 tbl, 10 ex

Description

The group of inventions relates to the field of agriculture, namely to herbicidal agents suitable for the destruction of weeds and undesirable vegetation, regardless of weather conditions in crops of grain crops (for example, wheat, barley, oats, corn, millet), rapeseed, sugar beets, flax .

Known methods of dealing with weeds represented by hard-to-eradicate perennial root shoots — types of thistle, dandelion, wormwood and some young species — types of highlanders, chamomile, sugar beet, grain crops, rape, white cabbage, Lontrel-300 preparations, which is an aqueous solution of monoethanol salts of 3,6-dichloropyridin-2-carboxylic acid (clopyralide) with a concentration in terms of clopyralide 300 g per liter, or Lontrel Grand VDG, which is a dry granule dispersible in water clopyralid concentration of 750 g per kg (list of pesticides and agrochemicals permitted for use in the Russian Federation, 2005 / Supplement to the journal "plant protection and quarantine», № 6, 2005, str.225, 226).

The main disadvantages of these herbicidal preparations are:

- underutilization of the potential of biological effects on weeds of the active substance of the preparations (clopyralid) and, as a result, the overestimated consumption of the drug per 1 ha of cultivated area;

- the high cost of the drug, which does not allow its wide industrial use, especially in grain crops.

The noted disadvantages are the result of the use of the active substance (clopyralid) in the herbicidal agent in the form of aqueous solutions of salts.

As follows from the practice of using preparations in the form of aqueous solutions of salts, especially in the continental climate during periods of drought, after processing the crops and evaporation of the aqueous phase of the working fluid, dry, stationary salts remain on the leaf surface, the biological effectiveness of which decreases sharply.

An object of the present invention is to provide herbicidal preparations having a high herbicidal effect regardless of weather conditions.

The problem is solved by using 3,6-dichloropyridin-2-carboxylic acid as active ingredient in herbicidal agents in the form of normal or isostructural alcohols C ₇ -C ₉ alcohols individually or in combination with the content of 3,6-dichloropyridin-2- carboxylic acid in an amount of 200-550 g / l, while the herbicidal agents are in the form of an emulsion concentrate.

The aqueous phase of the working fluid of the preparations, which are aqueous solutions of salts or water-dispersible granules, plays the role of not only a transporting factor, but also a factor necessary for the preparation to exhibit biological activity, and in the case of emulsion concentrates, the role of the aqueous phase of the working fluid is limited only by transporting the drug to the surface sheet.

The herbicidal preparations according to the invention are suitable for controlling weeds in crops of beneficial plants with an effective application rate of 0.05-0.09 kg / ha.

The proposed technical solution allows us to expect a stable biological effect of clopiraralide-based emulsions concentrates, regardless of weather conditions, and to eliminate the disadvantages inherent in lontrel-300, produced in the form of aqueous solutions of clopiralide monoethanolamine salt, and lontrel-granule, produced in the form of water-dispersible granules containing clopyralid 750 g / kg. The proposed herbicidal agents have a high herbicidal activity against a wide range of perennial dicotyledonous (thistle, dandelion, wormwood, butan of the field, sorrel) and annual dicotyledonous (species of chamomile, highlander, shiritsa) weeds, are especially effective against difficultly eradicated root shoot weeds.

The clopiraralide-based emulsion concentrate is a homogeneous mixture obtained by mixing normal esters of C ₇ -C ₉ alcohols and isostructure of 3,6-dichloropyridine-2-carboxylic acid, used individually or in combination, surfactants and an organic solvent. The concentration of ether in the preparation in terms of 3,6-dichloropyridin-2-carboxylic acid is 200-550 g / l. The lower limit is limited by the economic inexpediency of its reduction, the upper limit by purely technological considerations. Alcohols, aromatic compounds or hydrocarbons, or mixtures of organic solvents (n-octanol, isooctanol, heptanol, toluene, nefras, xylene, xylene fraction and other aromatic hydrocarbons) are used as a solvent.

The concentration of surface-active compounds, which can be used known ionic or nonionic surfactants or mixtures thereof, in the preparation ranges from 50 to 300 g / L. The only requirement for the quality and quantity of surface-active compounds is the creation of a stable emulsion of the working fluid of the drug, ensuring the size of the droplets of the emulsion in the working fluid at the level of 1-3 microns.

Example 1

67 g of clopiralide 2-ethylhexyl ether and 18.8 g of neonol AF 9-12 are dissolved in 14.2 g of nefras A 150/330. Emulsify 2 g of the obtained concentrate in 98 ml of water and determine the average particle size of the dispersed phase of the emulsion by the turbidimetric method of the turbidity spectrum using a FEC-56 M photocalorimeter.

Example 2

30 g of clopiraralide octyl ester and 4.7 emulsogen are dissolved in 65.3 g of petroleum xylene. Further, as in example 1.

Example 3

81 g of clopiraralide heptyl ester, 7 g of neonol AF 9-10, 2.4 g of calcium alkylbenzenesulfonate are dissolved in 9.6 g of oil solvent. Further, as in example 1.

Example 4

45 g of non-clopiraralide nonyl ester and 14.1 g of syntanol ALM-10 are dissolved in 40.9 g of n-octanol. Further, as in example 1.

Example 5

60 g of clopyralide esters of the C ₇ -C ₉ alcohol fraction and 28.2 g of syntamide-5 are dissolved in 11.8 g of isooctanol. Further, as in example 1.

Example 6

Analogously to example 2, instead of clopiralide octyl ether, 15 g of clopiralide octyl ester is used in combination with clopiralid isooctyl ether in an amount of 15 g.

The data shown in table 1 show that the emulsions of the claimed herbicidal agents have a very even fractional composition in the range from 1 μm to 3 μm.

Example 7

The test sample obtained as described above was an emulsion concentrate (Example 1) containing 3,6-dichloropyridin-2-carboxylic acid 2-ethylhexyl ester (450 g / l in terms of technical clopyralide), a surfactant (neonol AF 9-12 200 g / l), the rest is a solvent (nefras AR-150/330).

The tests were carried out on the production crops of sugar beets on the Unish collective farm of the Tuymazinsky district of Bashkortostan in conditions of lack of moisture. More than a month after treatment with the drug, no precipitation occurred.

The test results are presented in table 2.

Example 8

Tests of herbicides are carried out in the field on experimental plots with an area of 10 square meters. m in wheat crops. The predominant weeds are perennial dicotyledons (thistle, sorrel, dandelion) and annual dicotyledons (odorless chamomile, highlanders). Herbicides are applied to vegetative weeds with a knapsack sprayer in the tillering phase of wheat. The effectiveness of the compounds is estimated by the weight of weeds per 1 sq.m. areas of experimental and control plots. Repeat fourfold, margin of error 5%.

Example 9

Tests of herbicides are carried out in the field on experimental plots with an area of 10 square meters. m. in the crops of flax. Crops are littered with mountaineers, odorless chamomile, medicinal chamomile, field sow thistle, field calf. Herbicides are sprayed during the growing season, the herringbone phase, the height of the plants is 3-10 cm. The tests are carried out in arid conditions.

Example 10

Tests of herbicides are carried out in the field on experimental plots with an area of 10 sq.m. in rape crops. Crops are littered with the following weeds: highlander bindweed, highlander leafy, odorless chamomile, medicinal chamomile, field butyrus, field sow thistle, field bindweed. Herbicides are introduced during the growing season in the phase of 3-4 rapeseed leaves.

The above received full confirmation of the test results, which are presented in tables 2-5.

Thus, the concentrates of clopyralid emulsions under conditions of low moisture supply, unlike aqueous solutions of clopyralid salts, provide stable biological effectiveness while reducing the consumption rate of clopyralid per 1 ha of cultivated crops.

Table 1 The composition of the herbicide formulations No. of examples Clopiraralide ester Surfactant Solvent The particle size of the dispersed phase of the emulsion, microns wt.% g / l in terms of clopiraralide wt.% g / l wt.% g / l one. 67 450 18.8 200 14.2 152 1 ÷ 3 2. thirty 200 4.7 fifty 65.3 698 1 ÷ 3 3. 81 550 9,4 one hundred 9.6 103 1 ÷ 3 four. 45 300 14.1 150 40.9 438 1 ÷ 3 5. 60 400 28,2 300 11.8 126 1 ÷ 3 6. thirty 200 4.7 fifty 65.3 698 1 ÷ 3

Table 3 Clopiraralide herbicidal activity in wheat crops No. of examples Type of D.V. based on clopiraralide Clopiraralide consumption rate, g / ha Inhibition of weeds,% Perennial dicotyledonous Annual dicotyledonous one. 2-ethylhexyl ether 75 98 99 2. Octyl ether 75 98 99 3. Heptyl ether 75 97 98 four. Nonyl ether 75 97 98 5. The esters of the fraction of alcohols C ₇ -C ₉ 75 99 99 6. Octyl ether
Isooctyl ether 75 one hundred 99 Lontrel-300 (prototype) Monoethanolamine Salt 120 70 75 Lontrel Grand (prototype) - “-“ - 90 68 72

Table 4 Herbicidal activity of clopiraralide in flax crops Herbicide name Type of D.V. based on clopiraralide Clopiraralide consumption rate, g / ha Weeds,% death thistles daisies highlanders The test sample of example 3 Heptyl ether 75 one hundred 99 one hundred The test sample of example 5 The esters of the fraction of alcohols C ₇ -C ₉ 75 98 one hundred one hundred Lontrel-300, BP Monoethanolamine Salt 120 70 60 75

Table 5 Herbicidal activity of clopiraralide in rapeseed Herbicide name Type of D.V. based on clopiraralide Clopiraralide consumption rate, g / ha Weeds,% death thistles daisies highlanders The test sample of example 2 Octyl ether 75 98 one hundred 99 The test sample of example 4 Nonyl ether 75 99 one hundred one hundred Lontrel-300, BP Monoethanolamine Salt 120 75 70 80 Lontrel Grand, (750 g / kg) VDG - “-“ - 90 80 75 70

Claims (7)

1. A herbicidal agent comprising, as an active substance, a derivative of 3,6-dichloropyridin-2-carboxylic acid, a surfactant and a solvent, characterized in that it contains alcohol esters as a derivative of 3,6-dichloropyridin-2-carboxylic acid C ₇ -C ₉ 3,6-dichloropyridin-2-carboxylic acid normal and isostructure individually or in combination in an amount of 200-550 g / l in terms of acid. 2. The herbicidal agent according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains, as a surfactant, a surfactant of a non-inogenic or ionic type, or mixtures thereof, and as a solvent, an organic solvent or a mixture of organic solvents. 3. The herbicidal agent according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains a surfactant in an amount of 50-300 g / l. 4. The herbicidal agent according to claim 3, characterized in that it is presented in the form of an emulsion concentrate. 5. A method of controlling weed vegetation, characterized in that it is treated with a herbicidal agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4 at an effective consumption rate. 6. The method of controlling weeds according to claim 5, characterized in that the consumption rate of the active substance is 0.05-0.09 kg / ha. 7. A method of controlling weeds according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that it is used in crops of useful plants from the group: cereals, sugar beets, flax, rape.