RU2314874C2 - Centrifugal re-usable dynamic-action crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: disintegration and processing of rocks and ore.

SUBSTANCE: proposed crusher has body with upper loading opening and lower unloading opening, accumulating pocket and working member made in form of accelerating disk with distributors for throwing the lumpy material to crushing zone. Working member is made in form of truncated cone with breaking members secured along its generatrix; lower base of this cone is provided with horizontal accelerating circular platform with guide fins. Internal working taper surface of crusher body has taper projections under accumulating pocket which are located at definite pitch. These projections have horizontal ring-shaped shelves with reflecting members secured in them. Clearance between crusher body and taper part of working member forms additional crushing zone; internal surface of body is provided with additional pocket at level of circular surface on lower base of working member.

EFFECT: reduced power requirements; improved quality of crushing.

3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of disintegration and processing of rocks and ores, is intended for use in industries processing solid minerals.

Known propellant crusher containing a cylindrical body with reflective plates and an accelerating disk mounted on the axis of the lower base [1]. The main disadvantage of this crusher is the low efficiency of one-sided impacts of disintegrable pieces of rock on reflective plates, as well as increased abrasive wear of reflective elements, therefore, the crusher is used mainly for crushing and grinding brittle materials with a low content of abrasive materials.

Closest to the technical nature of the claimed crusher is a known crusher of the type "Barmac", containing a cylindrical body with upper loading and lower discharge openings, a distribution feed disk on the upper part of the crusher, mounted on an axis on the lower base of the working body, which is an accelerating disk, and a special niche (pocket) for holding crushed material located at the level of the accelerating disk [2]. The basic principle of the crusher is the preliminary distribution of the source material into two streams and their destruction by organizing the dynamic effects of pieces of crushed material flying from the accelerating disk with pieces concentrated in a special pocket of the crusher. The disadvantage of this crusher is the low crushing efficiency, which was originally incorporated into the crusher design, providing only one-act dynamic contacts of ore pieces flying from the accelerating disk with a loose mixture of crushed material in the crusher pocket. At the same time, the necessary efficiency and quality of crushing are achieved only when the crusher is used in combination with classifying systems (screening), which ensure the return of unfinished materials.

Improving the efficiency of crushing in one crushing cycle can be achieved in the proposed centrifugal crusher multi-dynamic impact, comprising a housing with upper loading and lower discharge openings, a storage pocket and a working body, which is an accelerating disk with distributors for dropping pieces of material into the crushing zone, characterized in that the working body has the shape of a truncated cone, along the generatrix of which the fenders are fixed, on the lower base of which an accelerating horizontal annular platform with guide ribs is carried out, and the inner conical working surface of the crusher body under the storage pocket has a series of conical protrusions with horizontal pitch annular shelves with reflective elements fixed to them, and the gap between the crusher body and the conical part of the working body forms an additional the working area of crushing, while the inner surface of the housing, at the level of the annular surface on the lower base of the working organ ana, has an extra pocket.

A comparative analysis with an analogue [1] shows the possibility of a significant increase in the efficiency of crushing due to the multiple increase in the number of dynamic effects on pieces of ore. At the same time, a layer of material is continuously held in the storage pockets and on the ring-shaped shelves, and this ensures the application of the crushing method "piece by piece" and, accordingly, reduces wear on the working surface of the housing.

Therefore, the inventive crusher meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty."

A technical solution is known, in particular, with the prototype [2], in which the method of impact crushing is used by increasing the kinetic energy using the accelerating disk and impacting the mixture of crushed material in the storage pocket of the housing. However, in the claimed design, the process of destruction of geomaterials occurs not only in the storage pocket, but in almost the entire working area of crushing between the conical part of the working body and the crusher body.

Moreover, unlike the prototype, the storage pocket is not the only unloading point for the detailed material, but serves as a feeder for the additional crushing zone, unloading the material on the conical surface of the working body. Here, the pieces are subjected to dynamic action from the side of the fenders and are dumped on the inner surface of the housing. Horizontal annular shelves of the body, on the one hand, contribute to the delay of the layer of material in the wall region, and on the other hand, serve to feed it to the lower conical part of the working body. The cycle is repeated until the pieces reach the surface of the annular surface on the lower base of the working body, where the pieces, with the help of radial guide ribs, acquire the necessary kinetic energy to collide with particles of crushed material at the outlet of the working chamber of the crusher.

Obviously, the crushing efficiency of the source material increases due to the possibility of reporting multiple dynamic effects to the pieces as the working area of the crushing passes, and also due to the sequential increase in the energy of the dynamic action as the material moves down due to an increase in the linear velocity of the particle at the lower points of the surface of the working body with increasing diameter cone.

Thus, a comparative analysis of the proposed crusher with analogues allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "inventive level".

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a vertical section of the crusher, figure 2 is a section of the crusher body, and figure 3 shows the working body of the crusher.

The crusher (Fig. 1) consists of a casing 1 with loading 2 and unloading 3 holes and a coaxially mounted rotating conical working body 4. The inner surface of the crusher casing (Fig. 2) under the storage pocket 5 has a series of conical protrusions 6 with horizontal annular shelves 7, reflective elements 8 and an additional pocket 9, made at the level of the annular surface of the working body.

The working body (figure 3) is a truncated cone and has an accelerating disc-distributor 10, fender elements 11, mounted along an inclined generatrix. On the lower base of the working body there is a horizontal horizontal annular surface 12 with guide ribs 13.

The crusher works as follows: the source material to be crushed, through the feed hole 2, enters the accelerating disk-distributor 10 and is sent to the storage pocket 5, where the primary crushing “piece by piece” takes place. From the storage pocket, the material is constantly poured onto the conical surface of the working body 4, where the pieces are dynamically impacted by the baffle elements 11 of the working body and dumped onto the inner surface of the body, where they are repeatedly tested dynamically by the reflective elements 8 or collide with the material located on horizontal annular shelves 7. The crushing process in this way occurs by repeated dynamic contact of the material that is poured from the mountain the horizontal shelves of the inner wall of the crusher body, with the baffle elements of the rotating working body and the collision of the material thrown from the working body with the bump elements and with the material located on horizontal shelves. The crushing process is completed by feeding material to the annular surface 12 on the lower base of the working body, where the pieces, due to the radial guide ribs 13, acquire the necessary kinetic energy and are dumped into an additional pocket 9 for the last act of dynamic particle collision. Then the crushed material is discharged (from the pocket) from the working chamber of the crusher through the discharge opening 3.

Information sources

1. Handbook of ore dressing. - T.1. M: Nedra, 1972, - S.119-120.

2. Barmac - Rubdbrecher. Aufbereitung - Technic. - 1987.T.V, N11. - S.41-47.

Claims (1)

A multi-act dynamic impact centrifugal crusher containing a housing with upper loading and lower discharge openings, a storage pocket and a working body, which is an accelerating disk with distributors for dropping pieces of material into the crushing zone, characterized in that the working body has the shape of a truncated cone along which a generatrix the fenders are fixed, on the lower base of which there is a horizontal accelerating annular platform with guide ribs, and the inner cone the working surface of the crusher body under the storage pocket has a series of conical protrusions arranged at a certain step with horizontal annular shelves with reflective elements fixed in them, and the gap between the crusher body and the conical part of the working body forms an additional crushing working zone, while the inner surface of the casing is at the level of the annular surface on the lower base of the working body has an additional pocket.

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