RU2306982C1 - Coal flotation process - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mining industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to mineral concentration processes and can be used for flotation of coals with various degrees of mineralization. Conditioning of pulp involves addition of foaming agent and collector, the latter being heavy polymer distillate composed of, wt %: isobutylene trimers C₁₂H₂₄ 10-20, isotridecenes C₁₃H₂₆ 3-10, isotetradecenes C₁₄H₂₈ 3-12, isopentadecenes C₁₅H₃₀ 2-17, isobutylene tetramers C₁₆H₃₂ 30-70, , isoheptadecenes C₁₇H₃₄ 6-10, and non-identified hydrocarbons 3-4.

EFFECT: increased recovery of combustible mass into concentrate and reduced consumption of reagent.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of mineral processing and can be used in coal processing plants for flotation of coal of various degrees of mineralization.

There is a known method of coal flotation, including pretreatment of pulp with a collector and a blowing agent, where a light fraction (C ₁₀ -C ₁₁ ) of the bottom residue of the rectification of propylene trimers is used as a collector, the boiling range of which is 150-170 ° C (see A.S. USSR No. 1450869, B03D 1/02).

The disadvantages of this method are the low extraction of the combustible mass into the concentrate, since the hydrocarbons that make up the collector have an insignificant length of molecules, mainly of normal structure, which do not sufficiently increase the hydrophobicity of the coal surface, as a result of which a high collector flow rate is required to obtain satisfactory flotation rates.

The closest analogue to the claimed object is a method of flotation of coal, including conditioning the pulp with a collector and blowing agent and the allocation of coal mass in concentrate. Moreover, as a collector use "heavy hydrocarbons" composition, wt.%:

butylene trimers (C ₁₂ H ₂₄ ) 55-62 butylene tetramers (C ₁₆ H ₃₂ ) 5-8 hydrocarbon mixture (С ₁₀ Н ₂₀ ; С ₁₁ Н ₂₂ ; С ₁₃ Н ₂₆ ; С ₁₄ Н ₃₀ ) 25-30 unidentified hydrocarbons 6-9

(see AS USSR No. 1708425, B03D 1/02).

The disadvantage of this method is the low extraction of the combustible mass into the concentrate due to the presence in the collector of a significant amount of unsaturated linear hydrocarbons with the number of carbon atoms 12 having insufficient flotation activity, which leads to an increased consumption of the collector.

The technical problem solved by the invention is to increase the extraction of the combustible mass in the concentrate while reducing the consumption of the reagent.

This object is achieved by the fact that in the known method of coal flotation, including conditioning pulp with a collector and blowing agent, the allocation of coal mass in a concentrate, according to the invention, a heavy polymer-distillate composition, wt.%, Is introduced into conditioning as a collector:

isobutylene trimers C ₁₂ H ₂₄ 10-20 isotrideken C ₁₃ H ₂₆ 3-10 isotetradecenes C ₁₄ H ₂₈ 3-12 isopentadecenes C ₁₅ H ₃₀ 2-17 isobutylene tetramers C ₁₆ H ₃₂ 30-70 isoheptadecenes C ₁₇ H ₃₄ 6-10 unidentified hydrocarbons 3-4

Physico-chemical properties of the claimed reagent

The collector is a heavy polymer distillate of the claimed composition is a brown liquid with a density of 800-810 kg / m ³ .

Fractional composition:

boiling point not lower than 170 ° C boiling point not higher than 270 ° C Water content no more than 0.05% wt Bromine number not less than 80 g of bromine per 100 g Pour point not higher than -60 ° C

A heavy polymer distillate is obtained during the polymerization of butylenes. It is known to use heavy polymer distillate as a raw material for thermocatalytic processes (see Higher Olefins. Production and Application. / Ed. By M. Dalin. - L .: Chemistry, 1984. - p.138-140, 238).

In the inventive method of coal flotation, hydrocarbons included in the group chemical composition of a heavy polymer distillate, when adsorbing them on a coal surface, provide a significant increase in the hydrophobicity of the latter due to the fact that the number of carbon atoms that make up a significant part of the molecules of the inventive collector is greater than or equal to sixteen. Also, the hydrocarbons that make up the heavy polymer distillate, having an isomeric structure, when adsorbed on coal, contribute to a greater disorientation of the water molecules that make up the hydration shell near the coal surface, as a result of which the collision of coal particles with air bubbles sharply increases the strength of the “particle - bubble ", which provides increased extraction of the combustible mass in the concentrate. At the same time, a decrease in the collector consumption is observed due to the fact that the isoheptadecenes and isobutylene tetramers, which are part of the heavy polymer distillate, adsorbed on the surface of coal particles, close its micropores commensurate with isotetradecene molecules, which prevents the micropores of the collector components from absorbing isotetradecenes to isotetradecene trimers and therefore, provides better adsorption of these components on the surface of the coal particles.

Thus, the specific interaction of the components of the heavy polymer distillate with the coal surface leads to an increase in the extraction of the combustible mass into the concentrate while reducing the consumption of the reagent.

Based on the foregoing, we can conclude that the inventive method of coal flotation does not follow explicitly from the prior art, and therefore meets the patentability condition "inventive step".

EXAMPLE OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE METHOD

To implement the method, we take a sample of coal, for example 50 g, mix it with water in the chamber of a laboratory flotation machine of the Mechanobr type with a volume of 0.5 l for 2 minutes and feed the collector reagent - a heavy polymer-distillate of the claimed composition. They condition the coal pulp for 40 s. Then, a reagent-blower is introduced into the pulp, for example, bottoms from the production of butyl alcohols, the composition of which is described in the book by Pikkat-Ordynsky G.A., Ostry V.A. Coal flotation technology. - M .: Nedra, 1972. - p.21, and continue conditioning for 20 s. After that, air is introduced into the chamber of the flotation machine and coal is released into the concentrate. Flotation is continued for 3 minutes. The total consumption of reagents is determined by the degree of mineralization of the organic mass of coal.

To substantiate the advantages of the proposed method of coal flotation in comparison with the prototype, laboratory tests were carried out, the results of which are presented in the table. The inventive reagent-collector was used to enrich the coal fines of the sections of the Kuznetsk basin with various degrees of mineralization of the organic mass: “Mezhdurechensky” (low-mineralized, ash content of 13.8%); Chernihiv (average salinity, ash content of 21.7%); "Siberian" (highly mineralized, ash content of 30.3%).

The results of laboratory tests showed that during coal flotation, the use of a heavy polymer distillate as a collector compared to a prototype collector can increase the extraction of combustible mass into concentrate:

- by 4.6% during flotation of low mineralized fines;

- 4.1% when flotation of mineralized fines;

- 3.0% during flotation of highly mineralized fines.

Moreover, the consumption of the inventive collector reagent is 1.5 times lower than that of the prototype.

The results of flotation of coal of various salinity using the inventive collector reagent and prototype Coal mineralization Reagent mode Flotation products Exit, % Ash content,% Extraction of combustible mass in concentrate,% Extraction of mineral mass in waste,% Collector Blowing agent Reagent consumption, kg / t collector blowing agent common Low "heavy hydrocarbons"
(prototype) VAT bottoms production of butyl alcohols Concentrate 85,2 7.3 0.78 0.86 Waste 14.8 51,2 91.6 54.9 0.08 Source 100.0 13.8 heavy polymer distillate Concentrate 89.6 7.4 0.52 0.60 Waste 10,4 68.9 96.2 51.9 Source 100.0 13.8 Average "heavy hydrocarbons"
(prototype) VAT bottoms production of butyl alcohols Concentrate 73.1 9.2 0.78 0.86 Waste 26.9 55.7 84.8 69.1 0.08 Source 100.0 21.7 heavy polymer distillate Concentrate 76.6 9.1 0.52 0.60 Waste 23,4 62.9 88.9 67.8 Source 100.0 21.7 High "heavy hydrocarbons" (prototype) VAT bottoms production of butyl alcohols Concentrate 65,2 11.7 0.78 0.56 Waste 34.8 65,2 82.6 74.8 0.08 Source 100.0 30.3 heavy polymer distillate Concentrate 67.4 11.3 0.52 0.60 Waste 32.6 69.6 85.6 74.9 Source 100.0 30.3

Claims (1)

A method of coal flotation, including conditioning pulp with a collector and a blowing agent, separating the coal mass into a concentrate, characterized in that a heavy polymer-distillate composition, wt.%, Is introduced into the conditioning as a collector, wt.%: isobutylene trimers C ₁₂ H ₂₄ 10-20 isotrideken C ₁₃ H ₂₆ 3-10 isotetradecenes C ₁₄ H ₂₈ 3-12 isopentadecenes C ₁₅ H ₃₀ 2-17 isobutylene tetramers C ₁₆ H ₃₂ 30-70 isoheptadecenes C ₁₇ H ₃₄ 6-10 unidentified hydrocarbons 3-4