RU2306015C1 - Apparatus for decoating of vegetables and roots - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food-processing industry, in particular, technique used at canned food producing enterprises and vegetable drying plants, as well as at public catering enterprises for decoating of vegetables and roots such as potato, beet, carrot, rapes, and onion from skin.

SUBSTANCE: apparatus has working chamber defined by immovably fixed cylindrical shell and bottom formed as rotating disk, both cylindrical shell and disk being provided with abrasive coat. Cylindrical shell is provided with alternating flat and curved partition walls having windows and extending longitudinally of axis of symmetry. On flat partition walls windows are aligned with shell, and on curved partition walls windows are aligned with longitudinal axis of symmetry of working chamber. Partition walls are equipped with abrasive coat made in the form of strips running in parallel with longitudinal axis of symmetry of working chamber. Width ratio of coated strips to coat-free strips is 2:1. Curved partition walls are formed as arcs of circle and are made from resilient material. Curved partition walls are rigidly fixed only in zone adjoining to longitudinal axis of symmetry of working chamber.

EFFECT: improved quality of decoating vegetables and roots.

2 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The present invention relates to the food industry and can be used in canning and vegetable drying enterprises, as well as in public catering establishments when cleaning vegetables and root crops, for example, potatoes, beets, carrots, turnips and onions from peels.

Known devices for peeling potatoes mechanically using abrasive elements [1].

The described devices clean the surface of potato tubers and vegetables from the peel, removing from them a sufficiently thick surface layer that goes into waste, while the surface of the peeled tubers has a large roughness. Thus, the consumer properties of processed foods are reduced, since the most enriched layer with nutrients, vitamins and trace elements is located close to the peel, and a rough surface, for example, absorbs a significant amount of fat during cooking.

A device for processing food materials containing rolls with abrasive elements is also known. By its design, it is difficult and difficult to maintain during operation, and the rolls themselves located in this machine wear out quickly. It takes a lot of time to replace them and the technological process of processing products is interrupted. In addition, the continuous process of processing products with their use requires additional conveying devices that occupy large areas [2].

Closest to the claimed invention by its technical nature and the effect obtained is a device for cleaning vegetables and root crops from the peel, including a fixed cylindrical working chamber, on which there are abrasive elements. In the lower part, with the possibility of rotation relative to the axis of the cylinder, a conical bowl is installed, the inner surface of which is also covered with a layer of abrasive material [3].

The known device is more productive in comparison with the previously described. It makes the most of its abrasive work surfaces, but requires calibrated food material. If this condition is not met, the processing time of a smaller product increases. This ultimately leads to excessive abrasion of smaller tubers and, accordingly, to unreasonably large losses of the food product.

The technical effect in the proposed device is realized due to the fact that in the device for cleaning vegetables and root crops from the peel, including the working chamber in the form of a fixed cylindrical shell and bottom, in the form of a rotatably mounted disk equipped with an abrasive coating, a cylindrical shell in the longitudinal direction the axis of symmetry is equipped with alternating flat and curved partitions with windows, and on the flat partitions the windows are paired with the shell, and on curved window partitions are made conjugated with the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the camera. This allows you to change the trajectory of the cleaned product in the chamber, lengthening the path of its contact with the abrasive surface, which, in turn, improves the quality of cleaning and productivity of the device. In addition, the partitions are provided with an abrasive coating in the form of strips parallel to the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the chamber, and the ratio of the width of the strips coated with the abrasive and free from it is 2: 1. This embodiment of the partitions allows you to intensively remove the peeled peel with the supplied water from the contact area of the working bodies with the product, preventing the “salting” of the working surfaces. In addition, curved partitions are made in the form of circular arcs of elastic material and are rigidly fixed only in the zone of the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the chamber. This allows you to automatically provide the most rational operating conditions of the device, tracking the size and density of the product being cleaned, which due to centrifugal force, bending the curved partitions, provide, if necessary, an increase in the working area.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a General diagram of the device.

The device for cleaning vegetables and root crops from the peel consists of a working chamber in the form of a fixed cylindrical shell 1 and bottom 2, in the form of a disc mounted with the possibility of rotation, provided with an abrasive coating. The cylindrical shell in the direction of the longitudinal axis of symmetry 3 is equipped with alternating flat 4 and curved 5 partitions with windows, moreover, on the flat partitions of the window 6 are made paired with the shell, and on the curved partitions of the window 7 are made paired with the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the chamber. The partitions are provided with an abrasive coating in the form of strips 8 parallel to the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the chamber, and the ratio of the width of the strips coated with the abrasive and free of it is 2: 1. Curved partitions are made in the form of circular arcs of elastic material and are rigidly fixed only in the zone of the longitudinal axis of symmetry 3 of the chamber. A window 9 for loading the product being cleaned and a window 10 for unloading are made in the cylindrical shell. Inside the working chamber through the pipe 11 is continuously supplied with running water. The drive 12 is installed with the possibility of transmitting torque by means of a flexible transmission to the axis of the bottom 2.

The device operates as follows. The peeled vegetables or root crops are loaded through the window 9, while simultaneously turning on the drive 12 and supplying water through the pipe 11. Getting on the disk 2, due to friction on the abrasive coating, the product to be cleaned begins to rotate about axis 3, obtaining centrifugal acceleration. Pressing centrifugal force to the shell 1, he rubs against its side surface, covered with abrasive, which removes part of the peel. Passing through the window 6, the product enters the curved partition 5, moving along which it loses another part of the peel and bends it in accordance with its size and density, providing the necessary working space. Having passed along the entire partition 5, the product through the window 7 enters another working area, where it is exposed to the abrasive applied to the partition 4. The removed part of the peel is washed off with water through the gaps between the strips 8, advancing to the discharge window 10.

Using the described device makes it easy to provide high performance due to the appropriate choice of the number of partitions and the geometric dimensions of the chamber. The exact separation of the individual fractions of the product - the peel - is carried out by choosing the size of the abrasive grain.

Information sources

1. A.S. USSR No. 655382, MKI B01D 17/00. Device for peeling potatoes.

2. A.S. USSR No. 146618, IPC С02F 1/00. Device for peeling vegetables and root vegetables.

3. Equipment for public catering. Elkhina V.D. and others, M., Economics, 1987, S. 129-162.

Claims (2)

1. A device for cleaning vegetables and root crops from the peel, comprising a working chamber in the form of a fixed cylindrical shell and bottom in the form of a rotatably mounted disk equipped with an abrasive coating, characterized in that the cylindrical shell in the direction of the longitudinal axis of symmetry is equipped with alternating flat and curved partitions with windows, moreover, on flat partitions the windows are made conjugated with a shell, and on curved partitions the windows are made paired with a longitudinal In order to ensure symmetry of the chamber, in addition, the partitions are provided with an abrasive coating in the form of strips parallel to the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the chamber, and the ratio of the width of the strips coated with abrasive material and free of it is 2: 1. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the curved partitions are made in the form of circular arcs of elastic material and are rigidly fixed only in the zone of the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the chamber.