RU2304058C2 - Locking device (versions) and end face combination lock to prevent hi-jacking of automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering: antitheft devices.

SUBSTANCE: antitheft protection of vehicle is provided by fitting two interlocks, namely, stationary and detachable ones, in gas outlet pipe. Stationary interlock is installed under bottom of automobile and it closes gas outlet by support cover. Cylindrical chamber of detachable interlock is installed on end section of gas outlet pipe. Said cylindrical chamber is driven into pipe space and subsequently filled with air to provide tight closing of outlet. End face combination lock is installed and secured on pipe and bolt outlets by means of clamping sleeve using a wrench. Lock body is provided with cells whose locking heads get into coaxially arranged rectangular ports of cylindrical belt of cover holding it in locked position. Secrecy of lock is provided by dividing locking heads and lock cells into two types with left-hand and right-hand screw cuts. One or several lock cells are provided with interlock heads. Heads are unlocked through holes concealed in wall of lock. Special template is delivered with lock instruction sheet to find said holes.

EFFECT: improved reliability of protection against hi-jacking.

5 cl, 14 dwg

Description

The invention relates to vehicles with an internal combustion engine, mainly automobile, specifically to devices for protecting it from theft.

A device for protecting vehicles from theft [patent RV 2072310, BI, No. 3, 1997], adopted as a distant analogue of the proposed embodiment of a stationary locking device based on the overlap of the exhaust gas to block the start and operation of the engine. In this device, the gas outlet pipe is blocked by an interrupting device in the form of a valve (damper), equipped with a drive for regulating the cross-sectional area of the gas outlet. The drive is located under the bottom, and its management - in secret, inaccessible places of the vehicle. The drive and control elements are not structurally defined by it, the design of locking devices that protect the valve, its drive from unauthorized access is not proposed. This does not allow to evaluate the performance, reliability and effectiveness of protecting the vehicle from theft.

The anti-theft alarm device is known - with the exhaust pressure “PUT-VN” [patent РВ 2175922 С2, 11/20/2001], adopted as a prototype of the proposed version of the stationary blocking device, consisting of a housing installed in the gas inlet of the exhaust manifold of the gas exhaust system, a special valve in in the form of a package of alternating fixed and movable washers, each having identical segment openings, ensuring their full mutual combination in the closed position, of an alarming sound device. The anti-theft device is presented in two versions of controlling a special valve - mechanical and electromechanical.

Mechanical control of a special valve is carried out manually from the passenger compartment of the vehicle using a drive consisting of a handle, a support spring, a traction cable connected at one end to the handle, and the second - with working springs that rotate the movable washers in the “guard” or “movement” position with fixing the handle in the "guard" position. Putting “PUT-VN” into the “movement” mode is done by opening the lock of the support-locking device and using the support spring to return the handle to its original position.

The disadvantages of the prototype include the "layering" of a special valve, the presence of segmented openings in it, which do not guarantee protection of the cabin from the penetration of exhaust gases; the presence of “deaf” segmented walls in the washers reduces the area of free exit of exhaust gases, which can lead to increased pressure, and, as a result, loss of engine power; no design schemes have been identified for locking devices to protect against unauthorized entry into the locking and blocking unit, as well as a special mounting clamp to prevent penetration and protect the special valve from breaking. The foregoing does not allow to fully evaluate the reliability and efficiency of the “PUT-VN”.

An analogue and prototype of the proposed removable lock is an anti-theft device for vehicles [patent RU 2078702, BI No. 13, 1996]. This anti-theft device is installed on the end section of the exhaust pipe and consists of a removable plug with a hollow shaft, placed inside the exhaust pipe and corrugated cuffs - a plastic seal. The rod on the outside has annular grooves closed by corrugated cuffs made of oil and petrol resistant rubber, the annular grooves are connected to the internal cavity of the plug stem by a connecting hole. When the engine is started, the exhaust gases flow through the shaft of the rod into the space under the cuff, which straightens the corrugations under pressure, pressing them against the pipe wall, completely blocking it, as a result of which the engine stalls. As a drawback, it should be noted the complexity of the design of the plug, the uncertainty of the design of the lock, which does not allow us to confidently evaluate the operability and reliability of protecting the device from unauthorized removal.

As an analogue of the end coded lock, similar in form of execution, functional purpose, structural similarity of individual elements, the locking device is adopted for the use of coding for locking [a.s. No. 1313989, BI No. 30.1991,] consisting of a cylindrical body, a hinged lid, fasteners to a lockable object, coding elements. The disadvantage of the locking device is the openness and accessibility of levers and control knobs for intentional damage and dismantling, and a low degree of reliability of the coding system.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of vehicle protection against theft through the creation and use of locks options - stationary and removable execution, the creation and use of the mechanical combination lock to prevent unauthorized access to the control of the locks and their dismantling.

The stationary lock consists of a working chamber with inlet and outlet nozzles, a head included in the support barrel of the control chamber located in the cabin. In the working chamber there is a locking support cover, which is controlled from the passenger compartment using a gear transmission. The locking support cover is controlled manually, its working position is determined by two positions: full opening and complete closing of the cross section of the exhaust pipe.

To prevent exhaust gases from entering the car interior, the support barrel is blocked by a diaphragm with a hole in the middle, which is closed by a screw plug with a gasket. The head of the blocker enters the support shaft with a gap to ensure its movements caused by vibrations of the engine on elastic suspensions.

The lock is protected by an end combination lock secured to the support barrel by a coupling; on the upper end surface of the coupling, gear cutouts are made for a non-standard socket wrench, with which the coupling is tightened. The lock is used in the conditions of year-round operation of the car.

A removable lock is used primarily as an additional protection to a stationary lock in long-term parking in unguarded areas. The blocker is a cylindrical-shaped pneumatic plug with a valve for a nipple glued into its end wall. The pneumatic plug is inserted inside the exhaust pipe, air is pumped through the nipple, the pneumatic plug expands and tightly closes the cross section of the gas pipe. The pneumatic plug is kept and protected in working condition with an end coded lock fixed on the end section of the exhaust pipe by analogy with the fixed blocking device, for which there is a screw thread on the outer surface of the end section of the pipe.

The end coded lock is offered in two versions, characterized by the absence or presence of a locking device. The first option is proposed for use to protect a removable lock and a barrier chamber, the second - to protect a stationary lock. The lock consists of a cylindrical body and a removable cover with a cylindrical belt. There is a hole in the bottom of the housing for free passage or nozzles on pipe and bolt outlets. In cases of discrepancy between the diameter of the outlets and the diameter of the hole, the lock is supplied with calibrated washers placed on the bottom. Locking cells are radially located in the housing wall, equipped with rifled locking larvae that are inaccessible to visual inspection and deliberate damage, which, when extended into the coaxially located rectangular windows of the lid's cylindrical belt, extend and thus hold the lid and lock in the closed position. The secret of coding is that part of the locking larvae has the right, and the other part is the left direction of the screw threads. To open the lock, it is necessary to identify (decode) the "left" and "right" cells.

In the second embodiment, in addition, one of the cells, in order to increase the reliability of the lock, is provided with a locking device that fixes the locking larva in the "closed" position. Such a device is located in the cut-out openings of the cylindrical belt of the lock lid and is a spring-loaded head resting against a curved cut-out of the end portion of the locking larva associated with the axis on which the levers for releasing the locking larva are fixed. Release is made using a removable rod pusher. To enter it inside the castle, a hidden hole is arranged in the wall, which is sealed with a cone-shaped plug of soft metal.

To prevent the dismantling of the stationary blocker or the destruction of its locking support cover, a barrier chamber is installed behind the working chamber along the axis of the gas outlet pipe, which has a gas flow divider protecting the locking support cover. The barrier chamber, in turn, is protected by an end combination lock, fixed to the bottom with a blind nut, a removable bolt and a cantilever clamp.

The description is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1. The general layout of the blockers and the barrier chamber on the exhaust pipe.

Figure 2. Node "A". Cross-section through a stationary lock and mechanical combination lock.

Figure 3. Node "B". A longitudinal section through a removable blocker and the end section of the exhaust pipe. The dotted line indicates the contour of the mechanical combination lock.

Figure 4. Key for opening and closing the locking support cover of the stationary lock.

Figure 5. General view of the end coded lock with the designation of the numbering of the lock cells.

6. A fragment of a scan of the inner surface of the castle, to the right of the axis of the scan shows a view of a removable cover and a cylindrical belt, on the left is a view of a cylindrical case of the castle. The dotted line indicates the contour of the second guide “G” -shaped cut.

7. Node "B". A longitudinal section through the lock cell with a locking larva in the “open lock” position. The wall of the key cylinder is not conditionally hatched.

Fig. 8. Node "B". A longitudinal section through a lock cell with a locking larva in the “closed lock” position, a larva with an elongated end part is depicted.

Fig.9. Key pos. 36 for the tension coupling of the mechanical combination lock.

Figure 10. Node "G". View of the locking device.

11. Node "G". View of the locking device along the section "AA".

Fig. 12. Key pos. 57 for securing the mechanical combination lock with a removable bolt and blind nut

Fig.13. Node "D". Section 1-1 along the barrier chamber.

Fig.14. Node "G". View of the hidden hole for releasing the locking device along the B-B section.

Two anti-theft blockers are installed in the exhaust system (1): stationary (2) and removable (3).

The stationary blocker consists of a working chamber (4) with incoming and outgoing nozzles, a head (5) and a control chamber (6). A locking support cover (7) is placed in the working chamber, which is rigidly connected by means of the support lever (8) to the horizontal axis of the drive (9). A drive (10) for opening and closing the locking support cover (7), consisting of a gear assembly, is located in the head, a locking support cover (7) is fixed on the horizontal axis (9), and the vertical axis (11) enters the control chamber, has at the end there is a figured cut-out for a key (12), with which a drive (10) is actuated. The head (5) enters the support shaft (13) with a gap providing the possibility of movement due to vibrations of the engine on its elastic suspensions.

The support shaft for ease of operation is located in the driver’s working area and is fixed on the floor (14) of the passenger compartment. To seal against penetration of exhaust gases, the barrel is additionally blocked by a diaphragm (15) with a passage hole in the center, closed by a screw plug with a gasket (16).

The removable lock (3) is a cylindrical-shaped rubber chamber, such as a bicycle, with end walls of a spherical shape, one of which contains a rubber tube with a press-in valve, into which the nipple is screwed in, together they are presented in position under number (17).

The end coded lock consists of a cylindrical body (18) and a removable cover (19) with a cylindrical belt (20) and a handle (21). In the bottom of the housing there is an opening (22) for passing the pipe outlet (23) or the bolt rod (55), while the pipe outlets have a screw thread on the outer surface; if the diameters of the outlets and bolts do not coincide with the diameter of the hole in the bottom, calibration washers are placed under them (24).

Locking cells (25) are placed in the wall of the housing, and coaxially in the cylindrical belt of the lid there are rectangular windows (26), which include locking larvae (33) from the lock cell. To ensure alignment of the cells and windows, centering outlets (27) are provided on the inner wall of the housing, and guide cutouts (28) of a “G” -shaped configuration are made on the cover belt (20) for their passage. To exclude search checks of horizontal displacements during attempts to decode the lock in the horizontal part of the guide cutout in its final section, at the top, cutout (29) was made by 1/2 the diameter of the centering outlet, which ensures the final landing of the roof and simultaneously blocks search checks.

In the lock cell, a protective shell (30) with a support end ring on the outside is coaxially located, inside the shell there is a rotating key cylinder (31) of a glass type with a screw thread on the inner wall and a protrusion on the bottom to the outside, with a toothed slot in the center of the protrusion for key (32). A locking larva (33) is placed inside the key cylinder, one half of which has a circular shape with a screw thread on a surface that is constantly engaged with the internal screw thread of the key cylinder, the second half has a rectangular shape, the end portion of which is in constant interaction with the rectangular end hole a diaphragm (34), fixed by a thread on the inner end portion of the protective sheath (30).

For secrecy, the locking larvae of the cells are divided into two groups: one has a left-handed direction, the other has a right-handed screw thread. Cell larvae can be changed by unscrewing the diaphragm (34) and rearranging the key cylinder along with the locking larva.

The end coded lock is fixed on the stationary and removable locks with the help of a long coupling (35) with a non-standard key (36) having gear cutouts for engagement on its end plane.

To create additional difficulties in declassifying the code in the second version of the lock, one of the lock cells is provided with a locking device that locks the locking larva in the "lock is closed" position. The locking device consists of a spring-loaded locking head (37), mounted on a composite vertical axis (47), the lower half of which ends with the console outlets (46). The device is placed in a special opening (38) of the cylindrical belt cover (20). The blocking head interacts with a figured notch (39) of the end portion of the locking larva (33). To accommodate the blocking head, the end portion of the locking larva is elongated by reducing the length of its circular part. For the multivariance of positional movements with such locking larvae with an elongated end part (but without a curved notch, pos. 39), several lock cells are equipped with both left-handed and right-handed threads. Through the composite axis in the lower part, the locking head is in constant contact with the fork lever (40), mounted on the horizontal axis (41), and unlocking levers (42) are fixed on the same axis. Release is carried out using a removable rod pusher (43). To enter it into the lock case (18), a hidden hole (44) is arranged, which is sealed with a cone-shaped stopper (45) made of soft metal. Such a lock cell has one or more hidden holes, determined using the template attached to the instruction manual for the lock.

In addition, for the reliability of the lock, the platform for landing in the cabin and under the bottom of the vehicle is reinforced with a girdle (48). To protect the lock of the removable lock, a support ring with a recess (49) is fixed to the pipe, the length of the exhaust pipe to the muffler is protected by an additional shell (50) made of high-strength steel.

To prevent the dismantling of the stationary blocker or punching of its locking cover (7) along the axis of the outlet of the working chamber (4), a barrier chamber (51) is installed with a pipe divider (52) of the gas flow resting on the pipe segment (53) fixed to the chamber floor. The camera, in turn, is additionally attached to the bottom (14) using a cantilever clamp (54) and secured with an end combination lock. The lock is attached to the bottom with a removable bolt (55), screwed into the blind nut (56) with a non-standard key (57).

The reliability of the proposed devices to a large extent depends on the quality of the metal. In this regard, it is assumed that the details of the mechanical combination lock (18), (19), (30), (33), collars (48), the casing (50), the walls of the chambers (4), (6), (51) (5), as well as the cantilever clamp (54) are made of high strength steel.

Opening - closing the lock is done with a key (32), while in order to prevent unauthorized opening, the key rod configuration is grouped in cells into 2-3 groups differing in height and number of teeth in the slots; for the same purpose, the numbering of cells (56) is performed in a random sequence.

The sequence of operations for activating the stationary lock (2) when the machine is parked is described below. Without turning off the engine, the screw plug (16) opens with the key (12), then the vertical axis (11) of the gear transmission (10) is turned with the same key, as a result of which the axis (9) is activated, and with it the locking cover (7) , which, falling, tightly closes the nozzle of the working chamber (4) of the blocker, blocking the exhaust outlet through the pipe (1). An engine shutdown will indicate an effective gas vent block. To be convincing, a check is carried out by trying to start the engine, if the result is negative, the screw plug (16) is put in place, after which the installation of the mechanical combination lock is started.

The sequence of operations for actuating the removable lock (3). Before installing the test pump, the blocker is checked for leaks, then it is inserted and laid inside the end section of the gas outlet pipe (1), and air is supplied through the valve (17) through the hand pump until the surface of the blocker closes the outlet section of the gas outlet pipe. The engine shuts off during the installation of the lock. After installation, an attempt is made to start the engine, the density of blocking the exhaust gas is checked. The operation ends with the setting and locking of the combination lock.

The sequence of operations for installing, locking and opening the mechanical lock. Before starting, a lock code is set with a mandatory memorable record of cell numbers having left and right screw threads; the number of the cell equipped with the locking device, and the number of cells introduced into the working position for locking. After that, the lock case (18) is mounted on the pipe outlet - the support barrel (13), then the tension sleeve (35) is screwed with a key (36). Its tightening is carried out until the bottom of the coupling stops in the bottom of the housing or the calibration washer (24), while for ease of operation, the lock housing must be rotated with little effort, and to prevent the tight coupling from being unscrewed, its lower end is rounded off.

After fixing the housing to the handle (23), a cover (19) with a cylindrical belt (20) is installed, while the guide cutouts (28) are brought in to the centering outlets (27) with the subsequent rotation of the cover all the way into the wall of the horizontal section of the guide cutout and the centering outlet fits into the locking notch (29) at the top of this section. In this position, the lock cells (25) are aligned with the rectangular windows (26) of the belt (20), while the locking cutout on the horizontal part of the locking cutout serves as an additional holding means. After that, in accordance with the accepted key code (32), the locking larvae (33) are extended into the windows (26), i.e. locking the lock. The locking code is set by the owner.

It should be borne in mind that the screw orientation of the lock cell can be replaced if necessary by the opposite, for which it is necessary to unscrew the diaphragm (34) and replace the locking larva (33) together with the key cylinder (31).

The above description is valid for both fixed and removable locks. To protect the barrier chamber (51), the installation of the lock is characterized in that the lock is fixed with a bolt (55), screwed into a blind nut, mounted on the bottom using a special key (57).

The sequence of operations for installing and releasing the locking device. The lock cell is equipped with a locking elongated larva (33) with a figured neckline (39) at the end section. After that, with the key (32), all locking larvae with left- and right-handed threads are put into the extreme position to the “open lock” position and the end section with the cutout (39) is completely placed in the rectangular cutout of the end diaphragm (34). Then it is checked for its movement and return to the "open lock" position. After checking, the lock cover is installed, before installation, the operation of the locking device is checked in cooperation with the unlocking levers (42), the fork lever (40), the locking head (37), and its movement under the action of the spring. The operation is completed by lowering the cover and placing it on the centering outlets (27) and then landing with rotation into the locking cut-out.

The locking larva is blocked in the “closed lock” position if the locking larva is pulled out into the rectangular windows (26) of the cover belt (20); the end part of the larva is pushed onto the inclined plane of the blocking head, the spring is compressed and, after that, the head enters the cutout (37), making it impossible to return the locking larva to the “open lock” position.

Release is carried out using a removable rod pusher (43). To enter it inward, a hidden hole (44) is arranged in the lock case (18) and sealed with a cone-shaped stopper (45) made of soft metal. The pusher is inserted with emphasis into the unlocking levers (42), which, through the horizontal axis (41), actuate the fork lever (40); the fork lever acts on the cantilever outlets (46) of the composite vertical axis of the locking head (44), lowers it, releasing the curly cutout (39) of the locking larva. Such a lock cell has one or more hidden holes. These holes are determined using the template applied to the instruction manual of the lock. The opened hole is then sealed with the same plug, however, the used unlocking lever is cut off.

Claims (4)

1. The device is a stationary lock to protect the vehicle from theft, including a locking support cover for closing the passage of the exhaust pipe, mechanical control elements of the locking support cover, a locking device for protecting the locking support cover from damage and unauthorized entry to its control, characterized in that The locking support cover operates in two modes: full opening and complete closure of the exhaust pipe, the control of the locking support cover is accepted o manual by means of a gear transmission, on the horizontal axis of which it is rigidly fixed, and the vertical axis in the form of a rod enters the support barrel of the control chamber located in the cabin and has a curved key cutout at the end to control the movement of the locking support cover, the support barrel is placed in the driver’s working area and mounted on the cabin floor, to seal against penetration of exhaust gases into the cabin, the support barrel is additionally blocked by a diaphragm with a through hole in the center, closed by a screw plug with a puncture On the outside, the support barrel has a screw thread for fitting and securing the end coded lock, the head enters the support shaft with a gap that allows it to move when the engine is vibrating, in addition to protect the locking support cover from possible unauthorized penetrations from the end of the exhaust pipe a barrier chamber is installed in the gas outlet line, in front of the blocker, to be protected from dismantling, it is fixed to the bottom with an end combination lock. 2. A device for a removable anti-theft lock to protect the vehicle from theft, including a plug inserted into the exhaust pipe at its end section, characterized in that it is made in the form of a cylindrical rubber chamber, a valve for filling the cylindrical rubber chamber is glued into one of its end walls compressed air, the device is protected by an end combination lock and a protective sheath made of high-strength steel laid on the surface of the exhaust pipe from the edge of the end section to the muffler, exhaust The end pipe has an abutment ring for fitting an end code lock. 3. The device of the mechanical combination lock to protect the locks from unauthorized access, consisting of a cylindrical body, a cover, fastening and locking elements, characterized in that all these elements are placed inside the housing and are hidden from visual inspection, the housing is made in the form of a glass cylinder, in the bottom has an opening for passing pipe and bolt outlets onto which the lock is mounted, the lock is equipped with a set of calibration washers, securing the lock on the pipe outlets having a threaded thread from the outside, It is produced using a tightening coupling having a screw thread on the inner surface, and on the end surface the coupling has serrated notches for the “coupling” key, fixing on the bolt outlets is carried out using nuts having cutouts on the side faces for the socket wrench, the same nut is used for of a removable bolt securing the lock to the bottom, lock cells are placed in the wall of the housing, and coaxially with them in the cylindrical belt of the lid there are rectangular windows, which include locking larvae from the lock cell holding the lid the lock in the closed state, to ensure alignment on the inner wall of the housing, centering outlets are provided, and on the lid belt for their passage guiding cutouts are made of a "G" -shaped shape, on the horizontal sections of which, at the ends, there are locking cut-outs for fixing the cover in the closed position , in the lock cell the protective key shell and the locking larva are coaxially located, the protective key shell is a glass-type cylinder with a screw thread on the inner surface and a protrusion on the bottom with the outer On the other hand, the protrusion has a toothed slot for the key, a locking larva is placed inside the key cylinder, one half of which, facing outward, has the shape of a round rod with a screw thread, which is in constant interaction with the internal screw thread of the key cylinder, its second half has a rectangular section, the end portion of which is in constant interaction with the rectangular cut-out of the end removable diaphragm of the lock cell, the locking larvae are divided into right- and left-hand thread, and their combination determines lock coding secret from lock cells, lock coding can be changed by unscrewing the end removable diaphragm and interchanging the key cylinder together with the locking larva from one lock cell to another, to increase the reliability of the lock, its housing, elements of lock cells, lock walls, barrier walls cameras must be made of high-strength steel, the lock landing site is additionally reinforced with a shoulder, the configuration of the key shaft is grouped by the number of lock cells, from differing in the number, size and shape of the teeth in the key slots, for the same purpose, the numbering of the lock cells is indicated in a random sequence. 4. The device for protecting the mechanical combination lock is characterized by the fact that it is placed inside the mechanical combination lock in the cut-out openings of the cylindrical belt lid and consists of a locking larva, the length of which is slightly increased compared to the rest of the larvae of the lock cells, a locking rod and a spring-loaded locking head connected with a horizontal axis, and resting in a curved cutout of the lower plane of the end portion of the locking larva, fork lever, mounted on a horizontal axis and located in interaction with a spring-loaded locking head, a removable rod pusher that abuts against the unlocking levers, for entering which a hidden hole is arranged inside the end code lock, sealed with a cone-shaped plug of “soft” metal, the hole is searched using the template applied to the instructions for operation of the mechanical combination lock according to claim 3.

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