RU2302115C1 - Volume batcher for pastes - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry; paste material batchers.

SUBSTANCE: proposed batcher has at least one measuring unit, feeder to fill unit, punch installed for reciprocating in said measuring space. According to invention, punch is provided with through axial hole and plunger installed in said hole for limited reciprocal displacement relative to punch. Plunger in initial position is arranged with deepening of its working end face relative to working end face of punch by fixed value. Batcher is furnished with punch displacement device to provide displacement of punch, device to provide displacement of plunger relative to punch, device to displace punch independently from plunger and device to return plunger in initial position.

EFFECT: prevention of sticking metered out paste to working end face of punch.

9 cl, 4 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to devices for volumetric dosing of viscous masses. The main field of application is the food industry, namely dosing devices in automatic machines and lines for the production of dough products with filling, mainly dosing devices for minced meat in the industrial production of ravioli. At the same time, it is possible to use a technical solution in devices for filling a container with a mass characterized by viscous and elastoplastic properties.

State of the art

A known machine for dispensing and filling meat and spices in cans (see copyright certificate for the invention No. 116408, IPC: B65B 1/38, 1958), containing a rotary head with measuring piston cylinders, the covers of which are made with openings for air outlet, and a column for pushing and compacting the meat. However, the air removal from the measuring chamber and the flat, flat surface of the piston that pushes the portion contribute to increased adhesion (adhesion) of meat to it. Adhesion worsens the operation of the device, reduces the accuracy of dosing, especially when dosing chopped meat or other minced meat, characterized by a viscous structure.

A device is known for depositing workpieces from viscous masses (see copyright certificate No. 511926, IPC: А21С 3/04, published on April 30, 197, Bull. No. 16), in which the drive of the latter is used to reduce adhesion of the deposited dough to the surface of the piston supercharger. equipped with a forced pulsating tap mechanism.

The reduction in the sticking of the dosed stuffing mass to the surface of the ejection piston due to the last of the release material, for example fluoroplastic, was used in the automatic machine for the manufacture of semi-finished dough with filling according to copyright certificate No. 282212, IPC: А21С 9/06, 09/28/1970

Known volumetric syringe type dispenser (see copyright certificate No. 501282, IPC: G01F 11/04, 1976, Bull. No. 4), comprising a housing, a rod with a piston at its end and a tip with a measuring chamber made with open below the hole through which fill the measuring chamber, and the hole does not overlap. Dosing material - the powder is retained due to friction and internal adhesion and is forced out of the chamber by the piston when the rod head is pressed. The known dispenser is simple and compact, in addition, it is possible to combine a large group of such dispensers in a limited area for collaboration. However, this design is not intended for dispensing materials characterized by high adhesive properties.

For the prototype of the claimed device, a volumetric dispenser for bulk and fibrous materials was selected (see copyright certificate for the invention No. 1009903, IPC: B65B 1/38, publ. 07.04.83, Bull. No. 13), containing a carousel with measuring cameras mounted on it and mounted over the latest punches with a drive. The carousel rotates, allowing the measuring chambers to move from the loading position to the unloading position. The punch in the unloading position under the action of the drive mechanism performs a vertical movement down, pushing the portion. To return to the starting position, each punch is spring loaded in the lift direction.

The portion of the material is separated and the working face of the punch is cleaned by movable slide gates that overlap the bottom of the chamber after the next portion is pushed out, when the working surface of the punch is located at the lower end of the carousel. However, when using a device for dispensing viscous masses, the mass will adhere to the surface of the shutters, while the mechanism of the movable shutters occupies a significant area around the measuring chamber. In addition, in the presence of several measuring chambers, the metered portions are pushed out alternately, which indicates a low productivity of the device.

Disclosure of invention

The claimed invention solves the problem of adhesion (adhesion) of the metered mass to the working ejection member of the device.

The problem is solved due to the fact that in the volumetric dispenser for viscous masses containing at least one measured volume, a feeder for filling it and a punch installed with the possibility of reciprocating movement in the said measured volume, according to the claimed invention, the punch is made with through axial hole and provided with a plunger installed in said hole with the possibility of limited reciprocating movement relative to the punch, and in the initial position, the plunger is placed deepening its working end relative to the working end of the punch to a fixed value, the dispenser is provided with means for moving the punch together with a fixed plunger with respect thereto, means for moving the plunger with respect to the punch, the punch means move independently of the plunger and the plunger means to return to its original position.

Unlike the prototype, in the claimed solution, the ejector working body is made up of two movable parts: a punch and a plunger, the plunger in its initial position is installed with the recess of its working end relative to the working end of the punch by a fixed amount. The specified recess allows you to get in the pushing the working body of the cavity, which is additional in relation to the measured volume. The additional cavity communicates with the measured volume and when filling the measured volume, as well as in the process of pushing out the measured mass under pressure exerted by the punch on the pushed mass, it is filled with it. The magnitude of the recess determines the volume of the additional cavity and is a constant fixed value for each specific device, and is selected depending on the properties of the dosed mass.

Equipment parts of the working body, i.e. the punch and plunger, means of joint and independent movement allows the following sequence of actions. First, by joint movement of the punch with the plunger stationary relative to it, to eject a portion of the mass from the measured volume, while the additional cavity is not violated and remains filled with mass until the end of the specified ejection process. Then, by moving the plunger relative to the punch, eject the remaining mass from the additional cavity. The mass flowing from the additional cavity creates movement along the end face of the punch. The fixed viscous mass is characterized by high adhesive properties with respect to the surface of the working body in contact with it. However, in the dynamic state, the adhesion value is significantly reduced, moving particles of the mass “tear off” adhering particles from the end face of the punch, dragging them along. The punch, equipped with a means of displacement independent of the plunger, freely separates from the portion of the mass and rises, while the plunger remains stationary and holds the measured portion, preventing it from entrainment after the rising punch. After retracting the punch to a sufficient distance, a sharp separation of the plunger is carried out, which has a much smaller area of contact with a measured dose of mass than that of the punch.

Thus, the above set of essential features provides a new technical result, namely: the creation of the movement of particles of the dosed mass in the surface layer in contact with the buoyant surface of the working body, which helps to reduce adhesive forces and the separation of the dosed mass from its surface.

The prior art solutions are known in which the ejection of the working body is carried out with a compound, for example, in devices for shaping the dough pieces of cakes (see IPC: А21С 11/02, copyright certificate No. 2225118, 1968, or copyright certificate No. 1510815, 1987 g.). However, in these decisions, the implementation of the working body component provides only the separation of the total surface area of the working body in contact with a viscous mass, in order to reduce the action of adhesive forces by reducing the separation area and the sequential effect of the working body components on the moldable mass. The claimed solution proposed a completely new approach to solving the problem of adhesion. Due to a certain mutual installation of the constituent parts of the expelling organ and the possibility of their certain mutual displacement, they create a movement in the surface layers of the measured dose, which helps to reduce the adhesion and separation of the mass from the punch.

In addition, the inventive volumetric dispenser provides for the possibility of simultaneously placing and combining multiple measured volumes for simultaneous dosing. This is ensured by the compact placement of movable structural elements with an orientation relative to the axis of the measured volume and its push-out working body, as well as due to the fact that each measured volume has its own push-out body equipped with moving means that can be used on a single drive. This fact can significantly increase the performance of the dispenser and expands the possibilities of its use in relation to the prototype. For example, it allows you to use the inventive dispenser in the production of ravioli or other products from dough with filling by the method of simultaneous manufacture of a batch of products.

The presence of a technical result other than in the known solutions allows us to conclude that the proposed solution meets the criterion of "inventive step".

In a specific embodiment, the means for moving the punch together with the plunger fixed relative to it can be made in the form of a pusher with a through hole (in the form of a sleeve) installed in such a way that the through hole of the pusher is aligned with the axial hole of the punch. The pusher is mounted spring-loaded to the traverse installed in the guides with the possibility of reciprocating movement along the axis, which is the axis of the through hole of the pusher and the axis of the punch. The means for moving the plunger relative to the punch is made in the form of a rod pushed through the hole with a diameter corresponding to the diameter of the plunger outlet part, and rigidly coaxially attached to the pusher hole on the said traverse with the placement of its end pushing surface at the level of the end pushing surface of the pusher. This solution is more technological and compact. The means for moving the punch regardless of the plunger is made in the form of a swinging lever interacting with the external counter element of the punch. To ensure a return to its original position, the plunger is spring loaded relative to the punch by a compression spring.

The measured volume is made in the form of the internal volume of the sleeve mounted in the through hole of the plate, bounded on one side by the working end surfaces of the plunger and punch, the sleeve being made with a length exceeding the thickness of the plate and installed in the said hole with the possibility of reciprocating movement. The extendable sleeve provides a directed supply of a measured portion of the mass to the place of unloading, preventing the spreading and spraying of the mass. Using the guide retractable sleeve can significantly improve the accuracy of the positioning of the pushed portion of the mass.

Preferred is the horizontal arrangement of the plate and the vertical arrangement of the sleeve with a punch and a plunger in its through hole.

In order to increase productivity by performing simultaneous multidimensional dosing, a plurality of through holes can be made in the plate, in each of which a movable sleeve with a punch and a plunger is installed. Means of moving the elements of the same name in this case are configured to synchronize their work.

It is advisable to arrange these through holes in a checkerboard pattern.

The preferred solution of the feeder for charging the measured volume is its execution in the form of a movable container with a pumping mechanism, with the possibility of periodically combining the outlet opening of the outlet pipe with the measuring volume opening. In this case, the dosed mass is supplied under pressure from the tank to the measured volume. This solution also allows the simultaneous filling of several measured volumes, for example, through a perforated conductor plate.

A punch freely installed in the sleeve is provided with a stop restricting its rise in the sleeve under pressure filling the mass volume. By setting the stop, you can adjust the size of the measured volume.

To relieve the residual pressure of the mass after completion of filling the measured volume and to prevent its ejection from the measured volume under the influence of this pressure, said emphasis is movable. Due to the removal of the stop after filling the volume with a short overlapping of the hole, the punch gets freedom of movement and is lifted under the influence of the residual pressure of the mass.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Figure 1 shows a fragment of a volumetric dispenser (with a partial longitudinal section), which shows the sleeve forming a measured volume, with a punch with a plunger installed in it and schematically means for their joint and independent movement;

figure 2 shows the initial position of the sleeve, punch and plunger;

figure 3 - the same, when filling the measured volume dosed mass;

in Fig.4 stepwise illustrates the process of pushing a measured portion.

The implementation of the invention

Volumetric dispenser for viscous masses contains (see figure 1) a horizontal plate 1 with a vertical through hole 2, in which a sleeve 3 is installed, equipped with a means of vertical reciprocating movement. To enable this movement, the height (the same length) of the sleeve 3 is significantly greater than the thickness of the plate 1.

The punch 4 is installed with the possibility of vertical reciprocating movement in the volume of the sleeve 3 and is made with an axial through hole 5 in which the plunger is placed 6. In the initial position, the plunger 6 is installed with a recess of its working end relative to the working end of the punch 4 on a fixed, selected depending from the properties of the material being dosed, the value, while the said recess creates an additional cavity 7. This initial position of the plunger 6 is its extreme upper position relative to the punch and 4 and is provided by the abutment constructively upper strap plunger 8 in the lid N punch. However, the plunger 6 is spring loaded relative to the punch 4 in the direction of lifting by the compression spring 9.

Above the punch 4, a pusher 10 is installed coaxially with it, having the shape of a sleeve, spring-loaded with a spring 11 to the cross beam 12. The cross-beam 12 is mounted in the guides 13 with the possibility of reciprocating movement along the axis of the through hole d of the pusher 10 and the axis of the punch 4. Passed through the hole d of the pusher 10 the rod 14, which is rigidly fixed coaxially to the aperture of the pusher 10 on the movable traverse 12. The diameter of the rod 14 is commensurate with the diameter of the outlet of the plunger 6 and is commensurate with the diameter of the through hole n in the cover N, through which end to the interaction of the stem 14 and the upper end of the plunger 6 (see FIG. 1). The pusher 10 and the rod 14 form an external pusher (hereinafter referred to as Tv), acting on the pushing out working body, i.e. on the punch 4 and the plunger 6 installed therein.

The punch 4 is equipped with an external protrusion 15, interacting with the swinging lever 16, designed to lift the punch 4. The traverse arms 12 and the swinging lever 16 are connected to the cam mechanism of the dispenser drive (not shown in the drawing), which sets the sequence of movements of the constituent elements of the pushing working member. A means for moving the sleeve 3 is also associated with this drive. The dispenser drive can be implemented by any methods known in the art.

For filling the measured volume, the dispenser contains a feeder 17, including a container with minced meat and a pumping mechanism (not shown in the drawing), a perforated conductive plate Q and a movable carriage (not shown in the drawing), on which everything is installed.

In the initial position, when the measured volume is empty (see figure 2), the lower end of the sleeve and the working end of the punch are placed at the level of the lower surface 18 of the plate 1. The end pushing surfaces of the pusher 10 and the rod 14 are also located at the same level.

The device operates as follows.

The dosing volume is filled with minced meat (see Fig. 3), for which the holes of the perforated conductor plate Q and the outlet pipe 17 'of the feeder 17 are combined with the opening of the measured volume 19. The punch 4 with the plunger 6 fixed relative to it is raised under the pressure of the minced meat filling the volume up to the stop 20, restricting its movement and installed at a predetermined distance that determines the size of the measured volume. By reinstalling the limit stop 20, the measured volume 19 can be adjusted.

Carry out simultaneous synchronous movement of the sleeve 3 with the punch 4 stationary relative to it and the plunger 6 vertically down to the test sheet 21 (see Fig. 4), while the plunger 6 is also stationary relative to the punch 4, the minced portion is moved to the test sheet 21 in the previously organized volume (measured volume + additional cavity 7) unchanged. The sleeve 3 stops before reaching the test sheet - the lowest position of the sleeve (see figa).

Traverse 12 is lowered with pusher 10 and rod 14. In this case, the sleeve with the punch and plunger are in standby mode. The pusher 10 (the rod 14 is fixed relative to the pusher) is acted upon by the cover N of the punch 4, moving it further downward with the plunger 6, while the sleeve 3 is fixed, the plunger 6 is also stationary relative to the punch 4. At the moment the column touches the stuffing sheet 21 (see Fig.4b) the sleeve 3 begins to rise, and the punch 4 together with the plunger 6 continues to move downward, pushing a portion of the meat from the volume of the sleeve 3 and compacting it (Fig.4c).

Further movement of the punch 4 is limited, since the pusher 10 is in contact with the cover N of the punch 4, however, the yoke 12 continues to move downward, compressing the spring 11 and extending the stem 14. The end face of the rod 14 acts on the bar 8 at the end of the plunger 6, moving the plunger 6 down relative to the punch 4 and pushing the remainder of the minced meat from the additional cavity 7 (see Fig. 4d). At the same time, the lever 16 engages with the protrusion 15, starting the rise of the punch 4, and the plunger 6, displacing the stuffing mass from the additional cavity 7, creates a mass movement along the end surface of the punch 4, tearing off the adhering mass from this surface. The cleaned punch 4 continues to rise, while the plunger 6 remains stationary for some time, holding a portion of minced meat (see fig.4d).

The interaction of the end surface of the plunger 6 with the mass of forcemeat is short-lived, and the area in contact with the mass of the surface is much less than the total surface area of the pushing working body, which significantly reduces the attractive forces. After retracting the punch 4 to a sufficient distance, guaranteeing a reliable separation of the latter from the mass, a sharp separation of the plunger 6 is carried out under the action of the elastic forces of the compression spring 9 and its rise to its original position (see fig. 4e).

Claims (9)

1. Volumetric dispenser for viscous masses containing at least one measured volume, a feeder for filling it, a punch installed with the possibility of reciprocating movement in the said measured volume, characterized in that the punch is made with a through axial hole and is equipped with a plunger installed in said hole with the possibility of limited reciprocating movement relative to the punch, and in the initial position, the plunger is placed with a recess of its working end relative to the working ortsa punch to a fixed value, the dispenser is provided with means for moving the punch together with a fixed plunger with respect thereto, means for moving the plunger with respect to the punch, the punch means move independently of the plunger and the plunger means to return to its original position. 2. The dispenser according to claim 1, characterized in that the means for moving the punch together with the plunger fixed relative to it is made in the form of a pusher spring-loaded to the traverse with a through, coaxial axial bore of the punch, a hole mounted in the guides with the possibility of movement along the axis of the punch, the moving means the plunger relative to the punch is made in the form of a pusher passed through the hole and rigidly fixed to the crosshead of the rod, made with the possibility of impact with its end on the end of the plunger, with The means for moving the punch irrespective of the plunger is made in the form of a swinging lever interacting with the external counter element of the punch, and the means for returning the plunger is made in the form of a compression spring. 3. The dispenser according to claim 1, characterized in that the measured volume is made in the form of an internal volume of a sleeve mounted in the through hole of the plate, limited on one side by the working end surfaces of the plunger and punch, the sleeve being made with a length exceeding the plate thickness and installed in said hole with the possibility of reciprocating movement. 4. The dispenser according to claim 3, characterized in that the plate is installed horizontally, while the sleeve with the punch and plunger are mounted in a through vertical hole of the plate. 5. A dispenser according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the feeder is made in the form of a movable container with a pumping mechanism, with the possibility of periodically combining the outlet opening of the outlet pipe with the measuring volume opening. 6. The dispenser according to claim 5, characterized in that the punch is equipped with a stop, limiting its rise in the sleeve under pressure filling the mass volume. 7. The dispenser according to claim 6, characterized in that the emphasis is movable. 8. The dispenser according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that a plurality of through holes are made in the plate, each of which has a movable sleeve with a punch and a plunger, while the means of moving the elements of the same name are configured to synchronize their operation. 9. The dispenser according to claim 8, characterized in that the through holes are staggered.

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