RU2301775C1 - Flotator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil refining industry; food processing industry; chemical industry; devices for treatment of the industrial and household waste waters drains.

SUBSTANCE: the invention is pertaining to the flotator for treatment of the industrial and household waste waters drains, for removal of the proteins, fats, oil products, SAS, and the similar impurities. The flotator contains the rectangular in the projection body (1) with the paired parallel laminas (2), between which there are the perforated pipe ducts (3) used for supply the water-air mixture, which initial sections are connected to the means of formation of the water-air mixture, the gear (4) for removal of the foam with the foam-collection tank (5) and the fitting pipe (6) for removal of the foam, the assembly for withdrawal of the treated water with the reception pocket (7) and the gate valve (8) arranged in it, the fitting pipe (9) for removal of the of the treated water, the drainage system (10) and the pipe duct (11) for removal of the residue mixtures non-subjected to the flotation. The perforated pipe ducts (3) are arranged slant and in pairs, at that their initial sections are deepened concerning the dead-end sections. The holes in these pipe ducts (3) are arranged in one row on the lower part of their cylindrical surface with the displacement of the holes of one perforated pipe duct (3) in the pair with respect to the holes of another pipe duct by the spacing interval equal to the half of the spacing interval between the neighboring holes of the perforated pipe duct (3). The holes of the perforated pipe ducts (3) of the pair are facing each other with the angle of inclination of the holes axes to the horizontal plane of 5°÷30°. The technical result o the invention is the increased efficiency of the water purification due to the more uniform saturation of the whole volume of the treated water by the air bubbles.

EFFECT: the invention ensures the increased efficiency of the water purification due to the more uniform saturation of the whole volume of the treated water by the air bubbles.

3 dwg

Description

The technical solution relates to devices for treating water of industrial and domestic wastewater and is designed to remove proteins, fats, oil products, surfactants, surfactants and other similar impurities.

A device for wastewater treatment according to.with. USSR No. 429030, class C 02 C 1/26, publ. in BI No. 19, 1974. This device includes a housing divided by paired partitions into chambers and equipped with pipes for supplying an air-water mixture, a device for recycling purified water, a coagulant dispenser, and a scraper mechanism. In one of the chambers there is a cylindrical vessel closed at the top with a tangential inlet pipe at the top and a bell at the bottom.

The disadvantages of the known device include the low efficiency of water treatment and large dimensions. The disadvantages are due to the fact that the transporting agent of dissolved air, delivering it to the body of the device for wastewater treatment, is part of the purified and returned to the treatment water. The amount of air per unit volume of water is limited by its solubility. Therefore, when the circulating water is mixed with the treated, the value of the water-air interface in a unit volume decreases, becomes insufficient for the complete extraction of contaminating components, which ultimately leads to a decrease in the effect of water purification. An increase in the volume of returned water is required in order to increase the interface between the water-air phases and increase the concentration of air bubbles after mixing the circulating water with the treated water. The increase in the volume of treated water in the device due to the circulation, while maintaining the processing time, leads to the need to increase the dimensions of the device. Mixing the flows coming from the chambers to the volumes between the paired partitions and flowing out of the pipes for supplying the air-water mixture does not allow achieving uniform distribution of bubbles, which reduces the effect of water purification. For the required saturation with air bubbles of all volumes of the treated water, an increase in processing time is also necessary. Thus, for high-quality mixing, a long processing time of the source water and an increase in the concentration of air bubbles are necessary, associated with the need to increase the dimensions of the device casing.

The closest analogue in terms of technical nature and the totality of essential features is a flotator according to as USSR No. 1212962, class С02F 1/24, publ. in BI No. 7, 1986, containing a rectangular case with paired parallel partitions, between which pipelines for supplying the air-water mixture, a mechanism for removing foam with a foam collector and a waste water outlet with a receiving pocket are located. Paired parallel partitions are installed in the upper part of the housing and are equipped with diamond-shaped reflectors located under them. The output unit is equipped with parallel perforated pipes with inverted V-shaped grooves mounted above them, in communication with the receiving pocket.

The main disadvantage of the known flotator is its low cleaning effect, which is due to the uneven distribution of the air-water mixture over the volume enclosed between the parallel partitions of each pair. Bubbles of air are emitted unevenly from the openings of the pipelines for supplying the air-water mixture. Due to the pressure difference that is static in the flotator body and created by the pump in the pipelines for supplying the air-water mixture, a pressure differential occurs at each hole. Under the action of a force due to the pressure drop, the air-water mixture in the region of the holes is accelerated and ejected into the volume enclosed between the parallel partitions of each pair. Air bubbles, having a small attached mass and, therefore, insignificant inertia force, overtake the surrounding water volume and leave the pipelines to supply the air-water mixture in the first place. This process is facilitated by the separation of the water-air mixture under the influence of gravitational forces. Bubbles are concentrated in the upper part of the internal volume of the pipelines for the supply of air-water mixture, that is, in the area of the location of the holes. As a result, their bulk is ejected from openings located close to the inlet section of the pipeline for supplying the air-water mixture, which leads to uneven saturation of the treated water with air bubbles. The volume of water circulating in the region of these openings is more saturated with air bubbles compared with the volumes of water rising near the openings located at a distance from the inlet section of the pipelines for supplying the air-water mixture. Almost the same allocated volume of water circulates at its opening. The high saturation of one volume of water with air and, therefore, the high quality of its purification from impurities cannot compensate for the low quality of cleaning another volume of water with a small number of air bubbles. Uneven saturation by air bubbles of the flow of water entering from below into the volume bounded by parallel partitions of each pair reduces the degree of water purification by the flotator.

The task is to increase the efficiency of water treatment due to more uniform saturation of the entire volume of treated water with air bubbles.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that in a flotator containing a rectangular casing with paired parallel plates, between which perforated pipelines for supplying the air-water mixture are placed, the initial sections of which are connected with the means / means of forming the air-air mixture, a mechanism for removing foam from the foam collector and a unit water outlet with a receiving pocket, according to the technical solution, perforated pipelines are placed in pairs, their initial sections are buried relative to but the plugged end, the holes on the perforated pipelines are arranged in a row on the lower part of its cylindrical surface with the displacement of the holes of one perforated pipeline of the pair relative to the holes of the other by a distance equal to half the distance between adjacent holes of the perforated pipeline. The holes of the perforated pipelines of the pair are facing each other with an angle of inclination of the axes of the holes to the horizontal plane of 5 ° ÷ 30 °.

The inclined arrangement of perforated pipelines, in which their initial sections are located below the plugged end pipes, allows you to use the effect of gravitational separation of the water-air mixture to more evenly separate bubbles from the holes. Bubbles move relative to the aquatic environment (float) along perforated pipelines from the buried initial sections to the plugged final sections. Surfacing of the bubbles also leads to their concentration in the upper part of the stream moving in perforated pipelines. Therefore, the location of the holes on the bottom of the cylindrical surface of the perforated pipe helps to move more bubbles along these pipes and to separate them from the holes located at a distance from the inlet section of the perforated pipes. As a result, more of them reach distant holes. The displacement of the holes of one perforated pipeline of the pair relative to the holes of the other by a distance equal to half the distance between adjacent holes of the perforated pipeline allows you to evenly distribute the air bubbles emitted from the holes of the perforated pipelines over the volume of the flotator body. The same effect is facilitated by the pairing of perforated pipelines, the arrangement of holes in one row and the making of holes of one perforated pipeline of a pair towards the holes of another perforated pipeline with an angle of inclination of the axes of the holes to the horizontal plane of 5 ° ÷ 30 °. In addition, the paired placement of perforated pipelines and the oncoming holes in them prevent the occurrence of rotational movement of the treated water in a volume limited to paired parallel plates. An increase in the angle of inclination of the axes of the holes to a horizontal plane of more than 30 ° will lead to increased mixing of the lower layers of water in the flotator casing and the untreated water containing impurities entering the drainage system. On the contrary, the implementation of the angle of inclination of the axes of the holes to the horizontal plane to 5 ° will reduce the number of bubbles transported along perforated pipelines to the holes located at a distance from the inlet section.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by an example of execution and drawings, where:

figure 1 shows a diagram of a General view of the flotator (longitudinal section);

figure 2 - section aa in figure 1;

figure 3 is a view of B in figure 1.

The flotator contains a rectangular housing 1 (Fig. 1), inside which paired parallel plates 2 are placed (hereinafter, the plates 2, Fig. 1 shows one pair of plates 2). The plates 2 limit the specific volume of the flotator in which the perforated pipes 3 for supplying the water-air mixture are located (hereinafter referred to as the perforated pipes 3). Perforated pipes 3 are installed in pairs at an angle to the horizontal plane. The initial sections of the perforated pipelines 3 are located below the plugged end sections and are in communication with the means / means of forming the air-water mixture (not shown in FIG. 1). As a means / means of forming an air-water mixture, one common ejector can be used, which feeds the perforated pipes 3 pairs (Fig. 1) or several according to the number of perforated pipes 3. On the bottom of the cylindrical surface of each perforated pipe 3 there is one row of holes (Fig. 1, 3). The holes of one perforated pipe 3 pairs are offset relative to the holes of another perforated pipe 3 pairs by a distance equal to half the distance between its neighboring holes. The holes of the perforated pipelines 3 pairs facing each other with an angle of inclination of the axes of the holes to the horizontal plane 5 ° ÷ 30 ° (figure 2).

At the top, above the housing 1, a mechanism 4 for removing foam is installed with a foam collector 5 having a nozzle 6 for removing foam, which are placed on the outside of the housing 1 of the flotator. Also on the outside of the housing 1 is a node for the output of treated water, consisting of a receiving pocket 7, a slide 8 located therein, which serves to maintain a constant water level in the housing 1, and a pipe 9 for removing treated water (Fig. 1). The drainage system 10, the cavity of the housing 1 is in communication with the receiving pocket 7. The flat bottom of the housing 1 is made with an inclination towards the receiving pocket 7. At the bottom of the housing 1 there is a pipe 11 for removing non-flotated impurities.

The flotator operates as follows. The means / means of forming the air-water mixture mix the source water with air and the formed air-water mixture under pressure through the supply pipe (not shown in Figs. 1 and 3) is sent to the perforated pipes 3. In the direction of the movement of the water-air mixture through the perforated pipes 3, it is ejected from the holes in the volume limited by the plates 2 (figure 2, 3). Due to the rise of the muffled end portions of the perforated pipelines 3 relative to the initial ones, the air-air mixture delaminates and the air bubbles move additionally along the perforated pipelines 3. The location of the holes on the bottom of the cylindrical surface of the perforated pipelines 3 avoids the overwhelming release of air bubbles in the first holes along the air-air mixture. Due to these effects, air bubbles are evenly separated from all openings of the perforated piping 3. The arrangement of the holes of one perforated pipeline of 3 pairs with a displacement relative to the holes of another perforated pipeline of 3 pairs by a distance equal to half the distance between its neighboring holes allows water jets with small air bubbles to cover the entire volume limited by the plates 2. The same effect is facilitated by the holes of one perforated pipe 3 pairs per stretch openings other perforated pipe 3 and a tilt angle of the axes of holes to the horizontal plane 5 ° ÷ 30 °. The concentration of bubbles near the initial section of the perforated pipe 3 will be equal to the concentration of bubbles in the volume of water located at its plugged end section. Further, the flow, due to the difference in densities of the air-water mixture between the plates 2 and the water between the plates 2 and the housing 1, which is practically free of air bubbles, rises and pours out under the water level above the upper edges of the plates 2. During the movement of the stream, flotation complexes “bubble” form - recoverable particle. " When leaving the volume limited by the plates 2, the flow is divided into two parts and changes the direction of movement to the opposite. The movement of the mixture in close proximity to its level in the flotator creates favorable conditions for the allocation of load-bearing bubbles to the surface. The result is a foam layer. By the mechanism 4 for removing foam, it is transported to the foam collector 5 and gravity is removed through the nozzle 6. The stream freed from the bulk of the bubbles moves down the channels formed by the plates 2 and the housing 1. When the stream reaches the lower edges of the plates 2, part of it is again drawn into the space between the indicated plates 2. Received from below into the space between the plates 2, this part of the stream goes through a second cycle of saturation with air bubbles. The other part of the flow reaches the drainage system 10 and through its vertical pipeline enters the receiving pocket 7, where it is poured through the gate 8. By raising and lowering the gate 8, the water level in the housing 1 is brought to the required height. After overflow through the gate 8, the purified water is removed through a pipeline (not shown in FIG. 1) connected to the nozzle 9 of the receiving pocket 7. Another part of the water with non-floated impurities is removed through the pipe 11 of the drainage system 10.

Claims (1)

A flotator containing a rectangular case with paired parallel plates, between which perforated pipelines for supplying the air-water mixture are placed, the initial sections of which are connected with the means of forming the air-water mixture, a mechanism for removing foam with a foam collector and a treated water outlet with a receiving pocket, characterized in that the perforated pipelines are located obliquely and in pairs, with their initial sections being recessed relative to the plugged end ones, the holes in the perforated pipelines are arranged in a row on the lower part of their cylindrical surface with a displacement of the holes of one perforated pipeline of the pair relative to the holes of the other by a distance equal to half the distance between adjacent holes of the perforated pipeline, while the holes of the perforated pipelines of the couple are facing each other with an angle of inclination of the axes of the holes to the horizontal plane 5 ÷ 30 °.

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