RU2399544C1 - Ship ballast system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention relates to ballast systems of surface and minor underwater ships. Proposed ballast system comprises ballast heeling and trim tanks communicated with sea water and between themselves via stripping and ballast, heeling and trim pumps. Said tanks are communicated with sea water via two-way hydraulic lock arranged on suction and delivery channels of reversible heeling and trim pumps. ^ EFFECT: reduced power consumption, compact system. ^ 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a ballast system of a surface-submarine ship.

Known ship ballast systems containing ballast tanks, for example in a diving boat M-400 [1], p. 195, in a submarine according to the book by Yu. I. Bolshakov [2], p.12 and others.

Their disadvantage is the increased complexity and energy intensity of moving ballast water.

Known ship ballast system containing ballast roll and trim tanks, hydraulically connected with sea water and between each other through ballast-drain, roll and trim pumps, for example, according to the book [2], p.12 - prototype.

Its disadvantage is the increased dimensions and energy consumption of the system.

The technical result is a decrease in energy intensity and increase the compactness of the system.

The essence of the invention is a ship ballast system containing ballast roll and trim tanks, hydraulically connected with seawater and between each other through ballast-drain, roll and trim pumps, and according to the invention, tanks with outboard water are connected through a two-way hydraulic lock on the suction and pressure channels of a reversible ballast -drying pump and communicated with each other through bilateral hydraulic locks on the suction and pressure channels of the reversible bank and differential pumps.

Due to this, reciprocating compressors are replaced by pumps with hydraulic locks, which compress the air by receiving water into the tanks and partially drain the same pumps when draining them.

The device of the ship's ballast system corresponds, for example, shown in the drawing.

The legend on the drawing is as follows:

1 - a strong cylindrical hull of a small submarine (hereinafter hull),

2 - sheathing of the light hull of a submarine (hereinafter referred to as a shell),

3 - rear ballast tank trim adjustment (hereinafter tank),

4 - left ballast tank adjustment roll (hereinafter tank),

5 - right ballast tank roll adjustment (hereinafter tank),

6 - front ballast tank trim adjustment (hereinafter tank),

7 - impermeable end frame between the tanks 5 and 8 (hereinafter end),

8 - impermeable bulkhead in the diametrical plane between tanks 6 and 7 (hereinafter referred to as the bulkhead),

9 - frame, bonded to the surfaces of the housing 1 and the shell 2 (hereinafter the frame),

10 - hole in the lower part of the frame 3 (hereinafter the window),

11 - roll reversible pump (hereinafter pump),

12 - the first ballast-drainage reversible pump (hereinafter pump),

13 - differential reversible pump (hereinafter pump),

14 - the second ballast-drainage reversible pump (hereinafter pump),

15 - hydraulic lock (hereinafter referred to as the lock),

16 - pipeline

17 - an air channel between tanks 4 and 5 (hereinafter the channel),

18 - air channel between tanks 3 and 6 (hereinafter referred to as the channel).

The volume between the body 1 and the shell 2 forms tanks 3, 4, 5,6, separated by frames 7 and a bulkhead 8. Each tank is divided into sections by frames 9 with windows 10. The ship’s ballast system is equipped with pumps 11, 12, 13, 14 with locks 15 , pipelines 16 and channels 17, 18. Suppose that when filling tanks 3, 4, 5, 6 with 0.8 ... 0.9 of their volume, a residual negative buoyancy of 0.001 underwater displacement sufficient for deepening and a degree of air compression in these tanks of 5 ... 10 are sufficient . In a first approximation, we consider the process to be adiabatic and the pressure of compressed air in these tanks is not more than 1.0 ... 2.5 MPa, respectively [3], p.199, formula (5), which in the design of tanks and shell shown in the drawing is quite permissible.

The marine ballast system operates as follows. To reduce the buoyancy of tanks 3, 4, 5, 6, pumps 12, 14 are filled with 0.8 ... 0.9 of their volume with seawater, which compresses the air in them and replaces the function of a piston compressor. To eliminate heel and / or trim, ballast water is pumped between tanks 4, 5 and (or) between tanks 3, 6 of pumps 11 and (or) 13. To increase buoyancy, tanks 3, 4, 5, 6 are partially or completely dried in reverse mode by pumps 12, 14 and energy by the same compressed air pumps.

So, the above shipboard ballast system is more compact than the known ones and less energy intensive.

Bibliography

1. Dmitriev V.I. Soviet underwater shipbuilding. M .: Military Publishing House, 1990 .-- 288 p.

2. The elementary theory of the submarine / Bolshakov Yu.I., M., Military Publishing, 1977. 134 p.

3. Morgulis Yu.B. Internal combustion engines. M .: Scientific and Technical Publishing House, 1959, 341 pp.

Claims (1)

Ship ballast system, containing ballast roll and trim tanks, hydraulically connected with sea water and between each other through ballast-drain, roll and differential pumps, characterized in that tanks are communicated with sea water through a double-sided hydraulic lock on the suction and pressure channels of the reversible ballast-drain pump and communicated with each other through bilateral hydraulic locks on the suction and pressure channels of reversible bank and differential pumps.

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