RU2390090C1 - Linear piezoelectric motor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engines and pumps.

SUBSTANCE: linear piezoelectric motor includes a slide with guides, piezodrive system, power supply. Piezodrive system consists of closed frame with elastic element in the form of two flat springs on its side edges. In the frame there installed and clamped in it is piezoelectric element of longitudinal extension. On frame ends there are lever multipliers of linear movements, which are connected to it by means of hinges. One arm of each multiplier is connected to piezoelement of transverse movements, and the other arm is inserted into guides of slide with tension equal to or less than value of their movement under influence of piezoelement of transverse movement.

EFFECT: improving operating reliability of device, simplifying the design and assembly.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of piezotechnics, namely to the field of development and manufacture of linear piezoelectric motors.

Known piezoelectric system, consisting of several piezoelectric actuators, which can sequentially lengthen and shift, moving the movable element in accordance with the control signals (patent US 6977461 ВВ).

The disadvantages of this device are the need to manufacture mating parts with very high accuracy (fractions of a micron) and the difficulty of implementing linear shifts.

Closest to the proposed invention is a piezoelectric motor based on "peristalsis", consisting of three interconnected piezoelectric cylinders worn on a metal rod, with the first and third cylinders covering the rod without a gap, and the second with a gap. When applying a sequence of voltage pulses to the cylinders, the rod performs translational movement in the form of a sequence of steps (TIIER, t.66, No. 6, June 1978).

The disadvantages of this device are the complexity of its manufacture, since it requires high precision manufacturing of the movable rod and the piezo cylinders mating with it, as well as the high sensitivity of the device to temperature deformations of the rod and piezo cylinders, which reduces the reliability of its operation.

The problem to which the present invention is directed, is to achieve a technical result, which consists in increasing the reliability of the device, simplifying its design and assembly. The problem is solved in a linear piezoelectric engine containing a slider with guides, a piezoelectric system, a power source, the piezoelectric system consisting of a housing made in the form of a closed frame with an elastic element in the form of two flat springs on its side faces, into which it is inserted and rigidly clamped a piezoelectric element of longitudinal displacements, and at the ends of the frame, lever multipliers of linear displacements connected with it by elastic joints are made, one shoulder of which is connected with the piezoelectric elements operechnyh displacement, and the second arm is inserted into the guide slide with a tightness equal to or less than the value of their movement under the action of the transverse displacement of piezoelectric elements.

Distinctive features of the invention are the signs characterizing the implementation of the piezodrive system, consisting of a housing made in the form of a closed frame with an elastic element in the form of two flat springs on its side faces, into which a piezoelectric element of longitudinal displacements is inserted and rigidly clamped in it, and at the ends of the frame are made elastically coupled lever linear motion multipliers, one shoulder of which is in connection with the piezoelectric elements of transverse movements, and the second shoulder is elastically inserted into the guides along Zoon with a tightness equal to or less than the value of their movement under the action of the transverse displacement of piezoelectric elements.

The specified set of distinctive features allows to achieve a technical result, which consists in increasing the reliability of the device and simplifying its design.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows the design of the device.

The device comprises a slider 1 with guides A, a piezodrive system consisting of a closed frame 2 with an elastic element 3 in the form of two flat springs on its side faces, a piezoelectric element 4 for longitudinal movements inserted into the frame 2 and rigidly clamped in it by a screw 5, lever multipliers linear displacements 6, 7, 8, 9 and tightened by screws 16, 17.

The piezodrive system is inserted by the opposite ends of the levers of the multipliers with an interference fit into the guides A of the slider 1 and interacts with it at points 18, 19, 20, 21 of the levers 6, 7, 8, 9. The piezoelectric elements 4, 14, 15 are connected to a power source that implements the necessary sequence control pulses.

The described device operates as follows.

Due to the fact that the levers 6, 7, 8, 9 are inserted into the guides of the slider with an interference fit, in the absence of control pulses, it is locked from movement relative to the piezodrive system by friction forces at points 18, 19, 20, 21. When voltage is applied to the piezoelectric elements 14, 15 they lengthen, the levers 6, 7, 8, 9 rotate in elastic joints 10, 11, 12, 13 and release the slider 1. To achieve high accuracy and reliable operation of the device, the amount of movement of the levers at points 18, 19, 20, 21 must be equal to or less than the preload. In this case, the slider 1 is in constant contact with the levers 6, 7, 8, 9. Setting the amount of interference is done with screws 16, 17.

When applying voltage to the piezoelectric element 4, due to the presence of the elastic element 3, the frame 2 is lengthened and provides a linear mechanism for moving the slider 1 relative to the piezoelectric system. By applying a sequence of control pulses to the piezoelectric elements 4, 14, 15, the translational movement of the slider relative to the piezoelectric system is realized in the form of a sequence of steps.

Thanks to the lever multipliers, the free travel of the levers 6, 7, 8, 9 at points 18, 19, 20, 21 is several times higher than the relatively small elongation of the piezoelectric elements of transverse movements 14, 15, which reduces the requirements for precision manufacturing of parts, increases reliability and simplifies the process piezoelectric motor assemblies.

An example implementation of the inventive device.

The guides A of the slider 1 and the levers of the multipliers 6, 7, 8, 9 are made of hardened steel and processed by grinding.

Piezoelectric element 4 for longitudinal movements is made of ceramic TsTS-46 in the form of a multilayer piezoelectric element of the actuator with a length of 45 mm and a cross section of 6 × 6 mm. When applying a voltage of 100 V, it is extended by 35-40 microns. Piezoelectric elements 14, 15 for lateral movements are also made of ceramic TsTS-46 in the form of multilayer piezoelectric elements with a cross section of 6 × 6 mm and a length of 10 mm. Their elongation at a voltage of 100 V is 8 μm. The lever multipliers interacting with the piezoelectric elements 14, 15, provide an increase in the free travel of the levers 6, 7, 8, 9 at points 18, 19, 20, 21 to 20-25 microns.

The piezodrive system is inserted into the guides A of the slider 1 with an interference of 15 μm. This ensures its reliable fixation relative to the slider 1.

The manufactured experimental sample of the piezoelectric motor provided a step operation in the range of 0-300 Hz with a speed of up to 9 mm / s with a traction force of 0.3 kg.

Claims (1)

A linear piezoelectric engine containing a slider with guides, a piezoelectric system, a power source, characterized in that the piezoelectric system consists of a housing made in the form of a closed frame with an elastic element in the form of two flat springs on its side faces, into which the piezoelectric element is inserted and rigidly clamped longitudinal displacements, and at the ends of the frame there are made lever multipliers of linear displacements connected with it by elastic hinges, one shoulder of which is in connection with the piezoelectric elements of transverse scheny, and a second arm is inserted into the guide slide with a tightness equal to or less than the value of their movement under the action of the transverse displacement of piezoelectric elements.