RU2385706C2 - Vibraphone and method to control phonation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions concerns medicine, particularly phoniatrics. A trainee makes phonopedic exercises accompanied by a background music or voice. Simultaneously the throat and resonators: nose, projection of pneumatic spaces and thorax of a trainee are exposed to vibration at frequency equal to the response of the background or harmonious thereto. That is ensured by a phonation controller comprising a sound translator in the form of a radio receiver, a tape recorder, a synthesiser supplied with acoustic ear-phones and a microphone; on an output of the sound translator there is a power amplifier connected with electrovibrators to be placed on the throat, nose, projection of pneumatic spaces and thorax.

EFFECT: method and device allows improving efficiency of phonopedics.

1 dwg, 2 cl

Description

The invention relates to medicine, namely a device and method aimed at controlling phonation, that is, voice formation.

“Phonation is a programmed conditioned reflex product of highly differentiated nervous activity, developed and developed on the basis of unconditionally reflex activity. Phonation is included in a comprehensive neurological program, in a strict sequence of its individual links and is manifested in: 1) volitional tuning of vocal muscles and elements of the resonator system according to the optimal impedance, 2) laryngeal reflex muscle activity, which during phonation is regulated by afferent impulses coming from the reflex zone mucous membrane of muscles and joints, 3) auditory feedback and correction through auditory self-control of the produced voice ”(I. Maksimov, 1987). On the basis of this, firstly, afferent impulses arising in response to irritation of the reflex zone of the larynx, reaching the central phonator zone, as well as through associative bulbar-bulbar connections, can affect the efferent pulsation and phonator activity of the larynx. Secondly, for volitional tuning of vocal muscles, auditory self-control is also required. However, auditory self-control of an untrained person’s vocal face is imperfect, so it’s advisable to focus on the “accompaniment” of a musical instrument or voice accompaniment in the process of purposeful phonation (phoning of a certain note, melody, maintaining a given tessitory, etc.), which is quite natural for any vocal performance. Thus, singing to the accompaniment can serve as an analog of the phonation control method. This method of phonation control is mediated through associative connections in the brain between the hearing centers and the phonator zone of the cerebral cortex, which makes it possible to enable volitional tuning of the muscles involved in phonation, which, in turn, is mediated by efferent impulses through the corticobulbar tract. Thus, the conditioned reflex mechanism of phonation control is launched. Since during the operation of phonator muscles and exposure to the mucous membrane of the larynx of a jet of exhaled air during phonation, afferent impulse arises, it also becomes a control link for phonation. Gradually, with repeated repetitions, the muscles of the larynx and its resonators, with the help of accompaniment (auditory control), learn to perform the “correct” phonator actions. Only then will afferent impulse deliver the “correct” information to the phonator zone of the nutritional center of the cerebral cortex, which, in turn, will increase the efficiency of the phonator process. From what has been said, it is clear that in this case (relying only on accompaniment or auditory control), the development of the correct afferent impulse is to some extent delayed and at the beginning of training (phonopedic studies) afferent impulse does not carry the "correct" information.

There is a device for electrostimulation of the larynx using the vocaSTIM apparatus of Physiomed, the application of which the mode of phonopedic exercises is strictly regulated, and therefore, limited and does not rely on acoustic control.

The use of vibrational massage for functional disorders of the larynx is also known (V.P. Nikolayevskaya, 1989, p. 162).

The aim of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of phonopedics.

In our application, it is proposed to implement this due to the simultaneous combined and adequate control of the phonation process from the auditory control and the sensitive (proprioceptive) area of the larynx. This is achieved by simultaneously affecting the auditory analyzer and the sensitive elements of the larynx (vocal muscles, mucous membrane, joints) with the same (or harmonious) frequency stimulation in the form of sound or its harmonious components. Moreover, the “frequency stimulation” generator is a sound source - a teacher (phonopedist), singer, radio, musical synthesizer, etc.

A device for controlling phonation is shown schematically in the drawing and consists of a sound pickup device (microphone) 1, a sound transform device (radio receiver, tape recorder, synthesizer, etc.) 2, acoustic headphones 3, amplifier 4, electric vibrator 5, communication circuits 6.

The principle of operation of this device is as follows. Sound (for example, the musical gamut) received by the microphone 1 and converted in the sound-converting device 2 through the open sound field or with the help of headphones 3 is picked up by the student’s ear (hearing analyzer), and at the same time sound waves converted by the sound-converting device 2 into frequency-appropriate electrical vibrations that are adequate to the sound , through communication circuits 6 and amplifier 4 are fed to an electric vibrator 5, which (which) is installed (installed) on the student's larynx and on other resonators (nose, projection oia of the sinuses, chest).

In this case, the student performs phonator exercises to the accompaniment (under the control of the auditory analyzer). This is a volitional act of phonation. The simultaneous perception by the sensitive elements of the larynx and resonators of an adequate sound of frequency stimulation causes a flow of upstream information to the phonator centers of the brain, which contributes to a faster assimilation of phonator skills by connecting unconditionally reflex phonation mechanisms. In addition, the direct mechanical effect of the vibrator on the vocal cords in the frequency mode adequate to the sound forces these elements to oscillate at the right frequency (slide into the right frequency track) without the volitional effort of the student. In addition, the vibrator will allow you to train phonator elements (joints, muscles), increasing the natural range of the voice in both frequency and strength.

This device and method can be in demand for the treatment of voice formation disorders, for expanding vocal abilities, in show business for training parodist voices, etc.

Literature

1. Maximov I. Phoniatrics. M., "Medicine", 1987, 283 pp.

2. Nikolaevskaya V.P. Physical treatment methods in otorhinolaryngology. M., "Medicine", 1989, 254 pp.

3. Product brochure of the company Physiomed vocaSTIM.

Claims (2)

1. A way to control phonology, in which phonopedic exercises are performed by the student to the accompaniment of musical or voice accompaniment, characterized in that both the larynx and the resonators: nose, projection of the paranasal sinuses, chest of the student undergoes vibration exposure with an oscillation frequency equal to the frequency a characteristic of accompaniment or harmonious in relation to it. 2. The device for controlling phonation according to claim 1, containing a sound-converting device in the form of a radio receiver, tape recorder, synthesizer, equipped with acoustic headphones and a microphone, while the output of the sound-converting device has a power amplifier associated with electric vibrators configured to be installed on the larynx , projection of the sinuses and chest.

Images