RU2380611C2 - Oil heater - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil-and-gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: oil heater has horizontally elongated cylindrical case, filled with an intermediate heat transfer agent, a burner, an exhaust pipe and an expiation tank. In the case a U-shaped combustion chamber located, in which enter lateral overflow pipes, and located over it at least one product tube coil pipe executed as rows of sections, shifted relatively each other. The product tube coil pipes are tightly located in each of the sections; they are a double-row coil typed, as a row of horizontally elongated parallel pipe sections in direction of the heater length with pipes bended sections in bending and transition from row to row areas. At that a distance between neighbouring pipes in a area of the greater bending is 2.9÷3.1 times greater than distance between product coil neighbouring pipes on the linear horizontally elongated section. In the product coil center a pipe section made of two symmetrical pipes formed, mirrored to each other, creating S-shaped cylindrical body.

EFFECT: oil heater increase fire fighting safety level without heat engineering properties decrease.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to oil heaters and can be used to heat oil during their transportation and field preparation.

Known tubular heater [patent for invention RU No. 2224005], containing a metal insulated casing in the form of a polygonal horizontal prism, inside of which there is a food coil located along the walls and a firebox with burner devices, the casing is made with one outlet, which is connected to the chimney, however, it further comprises a second chimney and a box-shaped chimney with two couplings at the ends.

Also known is a tubular heater for liquid or gaseous media [inventor's certificate SU No. 1744406], comprising a housing filled with a liquid intermediate heat carrier, a heat pipe located therein and a tubular coil for the working medium, located between the body and the heat pipe, in order to intensify the process heat transfer the flame tube inside has a hollow asymmetrically located insert, communicated from the upper and lower ends with the cavity of the body.

Also known is a tubular heater for heating liquid or gaseous media [inventor's certificate SU No. 377604], comprising a housing filled with a liquid intermediate heat carrier, a flame tube located inside the housing and a tubular coil located between the housing and the flame tube to allow passage of the heated medium, and for the purpose of intensification heat transfer flame tube is made in the form of a vertical rectangular duct.

A heater of liquid and gaseous media is also known [patent for invention RU No. 2182679], comprising a housing filled with a liquid intermediate coolant, and a tube bundle of a heated product located inside it, a flame tube connected to the burner device, and a bundle of smoke tubes connected above it with a chimney equipped with a food chamber for input and output of liquid and gaseous media.

Also known is a tubular heater [patent for invention RU No. 2256846], which comprises a housing with a flame tube housed therein, a heat exchange element in the form of a series of pipes, straight sections of which are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing, an intermediate heat transfer medium, a gas rotation chamber, and located on the opposite side a gas rotation chamber, a burner device, a chimney-shaped gas outlet, a convection chamber and a jacket around the flame tube, in which an intermediate coolant is placed. The heat exchange element is made in the form of a food coil, consisting of two sections connected in series, the pipes of which are oriented around the central longitudinal axis of the housing, one section of the food coil placed in the jacket of the heat pipe, and the second in the convection chamber formed by the space between the jacket and the inner wall of the housing .

The closest analogue is a tubular heater [patent for invention RU No. 2219218], containing a metal cylindrical container, inside of which a furnace with a burner device, a liquid intermediate coolant and two sections of the food coil located inside the container in its upper part are placed in its lower part, moreover the furnace has at least one outlet, which is connected to the chimney, and a metal cylindrical tank with a liquid coolant is installed horizontally.

The disadvantage of the closest analogue is the lack of efficiency due to the non-use of all the possibilities of the heat transfer process.

The objective of the invention is to increase the level of fire safety without lowering the thermal characteristics.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The inventive oil heater is characterized in that it has a horizontally elongated cylindrical body filled with an intermediate coolant, in the medium of which there is a U-shaped combustion chamber attached to the body using flanges, into which transverse transfer pipes are inserted, and at least located above it one grocery tubular coil in the form of a series of sections offset from each other, a burner, a chimney and an expansion tank, while the groove coil pipes are tightly enes in each of the sections by the type of the double helix as a series of horizontally elongated parallel portions of pipes in the direction of the length of heater tubes with curved portions in the places of rotation and the transition from level to level, and the distance between adjacent tubes is subordinate relationship:

h≈ (2,9 ÷ 3,1) · l,

where h is the distance between adjacent pipes at the point of greatest bending in the turning section, l is the distance between adjacent pipes of the food coil in a rectilinear horizontally elongated section, and in the center of the food coil there is a section of two symmetric parts that are mirrored relative to each other and shifted in height forming an S-shaped curved cylindrical body.

The technical result of the claimed invention. The solution to the problem of increasing the fire safety level without decreasing the thermal characteristics is expressed by such technical results as welding of transverse transfer pipes to enhance heat transfer and turbulization of flue gas flows. This ensures uniform heating of the entire volume of the intermediate coolant. Also, to intensify heat transfer, the coil sections are offset relative to each other, for example, of the order of 75 mm for pipes with a diameter of 108 mm. An important technical result is that the food coil is made in the form of a two-way flat spiral, which allows the most efficient use of the usable volume inside the heater, creating the largest heat exchange surface of the coil. In this design, the rollers installed in the housing of the heating unit, the furnace chamber and the food coil freely roll out, which makes the heater as accessible as possible for inspection and maintenance.

The invention is illustrated using figures 1-3, which show: figure 1 is a longitudinal section of an oil heater, figure 2 is a food coil, figure 3 is a pipe arrangement in sections, where positions 1-13 are indicated:

1 - grocery coil;

2 - combustion chamber;

3 - expander;

4 - breathing valve;

5 - fitting for filling the coolant;

6 - pipe for the removal of flue gases;

7 - burner device;

8 - flanges;

9 - transverse transfer pipes;

10 - the housing of the heating unit;

11 - rollers installed in the housing of the heating unit;

12 - outlet pipe for oil with flanges;

13 - inlet pipe for oil with flanges.

The oil heater is made in the form of a horizontally located housing 10, filled with an intermediate coolant. An expander 3 is welded to the upper part of the casing, equipped with a fitting for filling the coolant 5 and a breathing valve 4. The combustion chamber 2 is located in the lower part of the casing 10 and has a U-shape. To intensify heat transfer and increase the heating surface, transverse transfer pipes 9 are installed in the combustion chamber 2. A burner device 7 is installed on one of the flanges 8 of the combustion chamber 2, and a pipe for removing flue gases 6. A food coil 1 is located above the combustion chamber 2, which is made in the form of a package of interconnected sections, which are two-way flat spirals that allow the most efficient use of the useful volume of the housing 10, placing in it a food coil 1 with the largest erhnostyu heat. This makes it possible to produce optimally compact heaters for oil and oil emulsion. To intensify heat transfer, the sections are offset relative to each other. Grocery coil 1 is fixed in pipe boards, has an input 13 and output 12 nozzles with flanges 8, is equipped with sling devices. The furnace chamber 2 and the food coil 1 are attached to the housing 10 using flanges 8. On the rollers 11 installed in the housing 10 of the heating unit, the combustion chamber 2 and the food coil 1 freely roll out, which makes the heaters as accessible as possible for inspection and maintenance.

The oil heater works as follows.

Oil from the oilfield network through the fitting for filling the coolant 5 enters the food coil 1 of the heater, is heated from the intermediate coolant, and then is removed from the heater. Fuel is burned in the combustion chamber 2 of the heater, transferring heat to the intermediate coolant. Cooled combustion products by means of a chimney 6 are removed from the combustion chamber 2 of the heater to the atmosphere. The heating unit is designed to transfer heat from the combustion products to the heated product.

Example

The described oil and oil emulsion heater is an approved device of the applicant organization, which has reliably established itself during the tests. Overall dimensions of the oil heater: length - 10512 mm, width - 3764 mm, height - 15040 mm. The weight of the product with these dimensions can be, for example, 17470 kg.

Claims (2)

1. An oil heater, characterized in that it has a horizontally elongated cylindrical body filled with an intermediate coolant, in the medium of which there is a U-shaped combustion chamber attached to the body using flanges, into which transverse transfer pipes are inserted, and located above it, at least one grocery tubular coil in the form of a series of sections offset from each other, a burner, a chimney and an expansion tank, while the grocery coil pipes are tightly laid in each section as a two-way spiral in the form of a series of horizontally elongated parallel pipe sections in the direction of the heater length with curved pipe sections at the points of rotation and transition from level to level, the distance between adjacent pipes is subject to the ratio:
h≈ (2,9 ÷ 3,1) -l,
where h is the distance between adjacent pipes at the point of greatest bending in the turning section, l is the distance between adjacent pipes of the food coil in a rectilinear horizontally elongated section, and in the center of the food coil, a pipe section is formed of two symmetric parts mirrored relative to each other, forming S -shaped curved cylindrical body. 2. The oil heater of claim 1, characterized in that in each next row along the height of the food coil inside the pipe section are placed in the space above the gap formed between the pipes of the previous row.

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