RU237452U1 - Light simulator for training and rehabilitation of peripheral vision - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to medicine, to the field of neurology, neuropsychology, neurorehabilitation, neuro-ophthalmology, ophthalmology, and can find application in conducting classes on the restoration of peripheral vision in neurological patients with visual field disorders, as well as for training peripheral vision in healthy people. The utility model is a device consisting of a handle (1) with a plastic holder (2), in which a working element (3) is fixed with artificial light sources (4) located inside it, intended for illuminating the working element (3) from the inside, ensuring uniform dispersion of their light radiation; wherein a switch (5) and control buttons (6) are located on the handle (1), and a microcontroller and a battery are located inside the handle (1), wherein the artificial light sources (4) are electrically connected to the microcontroller, which is electrically connected to the control buttons (6), and through the switch (5) is connected to the battery; The control buttons (6) are used to set the operating mode of the artificial light sources (4), the handle (1) is used to hold the device with the hand, and the operating element (3) is used for perception by the user's peripheral vision during the exercises. Thus, the claimed "Light Trainer" is a user-friendly device that enables peripheral vision rehabilitation training for a wide range of neurological patients with visual field impairments, including patients with various eye diseases, as well as a device that facilitates the convenience of peripheral vision training for healthy individuals.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine, to the field of neurology, neuropsychology, neurorehabilitation, neuro-ophthalmology, ophthalmology, and can be used in conducting classes to restore peripheral vision in neurological patients with visual field disorders, as well as for training peripheral vision in healthy people.

Peripheral vision is vision performed by the peripheral areas of the retina. Light from an object striking the periphery of the retina primarily allows for detection of the object and determination of some of its properties (size, movement, etc.). The field of view, within which two objects can be perceived simultaneously, is 120 degrees for binocular vision (Great Psychological Encyclopedia. Peripheral Vision, found 05.08.2025 online at https://ras-big-psyho.slovaronline.com/1900-PERIFERICHESKOYE ZRENIE).

An important feature of peripheral vision is that it is not tuned to distinguishing the details of objects, but thanks to it we catch their slightest movement (Uzhegov G.N. Eye diseases. - M.: Eksmo Publishing House, 2015).

Common causes of peripheral vision impairment include brain tumors, strokes, and traumatic brain injury. The following conditions can also cause changes and impairments in the visual fields: retinal detachment; glaucoma; eye trauma; hypertension; diabetes; vascular changes in the retina; and changes in the optic nerve (Vision Restoration Center website. Ophthalmologist N.Yu. Shkolyarenko. Field of vision, found on August 5, 2025, at https://www.cvz.ru/articles/zabolevanija-glaz/pole-zreniya/).

One of the most common peripheral vision disorders in neurological patients is hemianopsia, which occurs as a result of cerebrovascular accidents.

According to several clinical observations, hemianopsia in stroke most often develops due to damage to the visual pathways in the occipital lobe or in areas responsible for processing visual information. A hemorrhage or ischemic lesion in the corresponding brain structures "disables" some of the nerve fibers, and the person loses the ability to see one side of the visual field (right or left). Anatomically, the peripheral areas of vision (eyes, optic nerves) may remain completely healthy. The problem lies specifically in the central nerve pathways and the cortex, where the full-dimensional image is formed. Disruption of signal transmission causes partial loss of the visual field. As a result, the patient feels as if part of the visible world "disappears" on one side (Lyadov Clinic website. Hemianopsia in Stroke: Vision Restoration and Rehabilitation Paths, found on August 5, 2025, at https://lyadov-clinic.ru/info/gemianopsiya-posle-insulta-puti-k/).

Along with various diseases, peripheral vision disorders can also occur due to various other reasons.

For example, narrowing of the peripheral parts of the visual field can be a consequence of wearing cosmetic contact lenses if the rules for using contact optics are not followed (website Linzy.ru What to do if the field of vision is narrowing, found on 08/05/2025 on the Internet at https://www.linzy.ru/otvety-na-voposy/pochemu-suzhaetsya-pole-zreniya.htm).

Another reason that negatively affects peripheral vision is prolonged work or play at a computer monitor.

According to Japanese neurobiologist and neurosurgeon Takashi Tsukiyama, after many hours of working at a computer, everyone may feel their field of vision has narrowed. This is because when focusing on small details while working at a computer monitor, the brain also operates within these narrow boundaries. Instead of taking the necessary break from computer work, some people may spend their time on their phone or staring at a TV or computer screen. If this lasts for a couple of days, there's no need to worry. But if it drags on for months or years, it's a serious problem. Brain functions that had been "resting" for a while "sleep" for a long time. That is, neural connections that haven't been used for a long time become thinner, and their "off" state can no longer be changed back to "on" (Takashi Tsukiyama. Forgetfulness is my second... something there. How to get back what keeps slipping out of your head. - Moscow: Eksmo Publishing House, 2019).

Having normally functioning peripheral vision is essential for human life and safety.

Peripheral vision training allows one to slightly expand one's field of view (angle of vision), thereby increasing the amount of data received in a single fixation of gaze. It is primarily useful for students, schoolchildren, and anyone whose work involves processing large volumes of text. It should be noted that the field of view of peripheral (side) vision and its quality are variable. With targeted training, they can be significantly improved. The benefits of expanding the angle of vision are undeniable, as training peripheral vision allows one to increase the amount of information received by the brain in a single fixation of gaze. This is relevant not only for texts, but also in everyday life, especially for drivers, athletes, and others, as it allows for better spatial orientation (website "Ochkov.net" Who needs side vision training? found on 08/05/2025 on the internet at https://www.ochkov.net/informaciya/stati/trenirovka-perifericheskogo-zreniya.htm).

The importance of peripheral vision for human safety is associated, for example, with a pedestrian crossing the road when a car suddenly comes around a bend at high speed. Seeing this with their peripheral vision, they react quickly to avoid being hit. Or consider a driver's perspective: while changing lanes, they notice a car they should let pass to avoid an accident. It is peripheral vision that allows them to recognize the situation in time. Pedestrians, drivers, and cyclists—for their own safety, absolutely everyone needs good peripheral vision (Interoptika.ru website: Peripheral Vision: Concept, Disorders, and Development Methods, found online on August 5, 2025, at https://interoptika.ru/blog/zdorove-glaz/perifericheskoe-zrenie/).

Thus, the restoration and training of peripheral vision is an important and pressing issue that lies at the intersection of various scientific fields: neurology, neuropsychology, neurorehabilitation, neuro-ophthalmology, ophthalmology, etc.

To restore peripheral vision in patients with hemianopsia, some rehabilitation centers practice training with dynamic objects, such as following a moving object in the "missing" area. According to some observations, regular exercise helps improve compensation and at least slightly "expand" visual perception. Many experts believe the human brain has the capacity for neuroplasticity, meaning it can restructure itself by forming new connections between neurons. This mechanism underlies all visual field restoration interventions: with regular training, the remaining healthy areas of the brain take over some of the lost functions. However, the speed and extent of such recovery are highly individual, so some patients may regain some of their lost visual field, while others must learn to live with new limitations (Lyadov Clinic website: Hemianopsia in Stroke: Vision Restoration and Rehabilitation Paths, found on August 5, 2025, at https://lyadov-clinic.ru/info/gemianopsiya-posle-insulta-puti-k/).

The existing state of the art includes the “Method for medical rehabilitation of patients with peripheral vision impairments during the recovery period of ischemic stroke” (Patent RU 2834841 C1 dated 02/14/2025).

This method is a complex of physiotherapeutic interventions, including group exercise therapy, exposure to low-intensity infrared laser radiation on the area of the main vessels of the brain, training using virtual reality technology, based on a game that provides training in the coordination of hand and eye movements of the patient, etc.

Along with methods for restoring impaired peripheral vision in neurological patients, there are ways to train peripheral vision in healthy people.

Thus, from the existing level of technology, a “Method for training peripheral vision to develop speed reading skills using eye tracking technology” is known (Patent RU 2647144 C1 dated 03/14/2018).

This method is a set of exercises that involve searching for symbols in a Schulte table presented on a computer monitor while recording the movements of the student's gaze, as well as exercises based on the perception of lines of text presented on the monitor, where each subsequent line of text is 1-10 characters longer than the previous one, and the text is formatted in the middle.

Along with the above-described methods for restoring and training peripheral vision, there are various simple exercises, such as the following: "Focus on one point in front of you. Try not to move your pupils. At the same time, fixate on everything you see around you, outside the field of direct gaze - to the sides, above, below" (website "Beregizrenie.ru" All about vision and eye diseases. Catch out of the corner of the eye or with peripheral vision found on 08/05/2025 on the Internet at https://beregizrenie.ru/vse-o-zrenii/perifericheskoe-zrenie/).

Another simple exercise aimed at training peripheral vision is the pencil exercise, which consists of the following: "Take pencils in your hands. Look straight ahead. Extend your arms forward, begin to spread them to the sides until you can no longer see them. At first, this will be a very small distance, then the angle of vision will increase significantly. Then, move your hands with pencils in different planes, it is important just not to move the pupils" (website "Beregizrenie.ru" All about vision and eye diseases. Catch out of the corner of the eye or peripheral vision found on 08/05/2025 on the Internet at https://beregizrenie.ru/vse-o-zrenii/perifericheskoe-zrenie/).

Unlike other exercises, this exercise provides the opportunity to actively work with peripheral vision due to the fact that by making certain movements with pencils, students independently control the training process, gradually increasing the difficulty of exercises aimed at training peripheral vision.

However, using pencils as a tool for restoring and training peripheral vision has certain disadvantages:

a) significant difficulty in perceiving pencils with peripheral vision for neurological patients with various eye diseases, for example, severe presbyopia, cataracts, amblyopia, etc.;

b) difficulty perceiving pencils with peripheral vision even for healthy people, since the diameter of a wooden pencil (or the circle described around its end) is 6-8 mm.

Presbyopia is an age-related refractive error of the eye in which accommodation is impaired (Wikipedia. Presbyopia, found on the Internet at https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyopia).

A cataract is a pathological condition associated with clouding of the lens of the eye and causing varying degrees of visual impairment, including complete loss of vision (Wikipedia. Cataract, found on the Internet at https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Катаракта).

Amblyopia is a variety of forms of visual impairment, caused primarily by functional disorders of the visual analyzer that cannot be corrected with glasses or contact lenses (Wikipedia. Amblyopia, found online at https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Амблиопия).

In order to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation and training sessions aimed at working with peripheral vision, a device called "Light Trainer for Sessions on Restoring and Training Peripheral Vision" (hereinafter referred to as the "Light Trainer") has been developed. This device is easy to use and makes it possible to conduct sessions aimed at both restoring peripheral vision in neurological patients with visual field impairments and training peripheral vision in healthy individuals.

The term "light" is understood as "relating to light, connected with light, for example, lighting devices" (Electronic dictionaries of the Russian language. Light, found on the Internet at https://herzena.ru/index.php/words/show/14717).

Lighting devices are designed for illumination, irradiation, light signaling, or projection and are divided into lighting, irradiation, signaling, and projection devices. Typically, lighting devices consist of an optical radiation source, a device for redistributing the radiant flux in space along specified directions, and structural components that connect all parts of the lighting device and provide the necessary protection for the radiation source and light-distributing device from mechanical damage and environmental influences (Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Lighting Devices, found online at https://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/bse/130579).

One of the characteristics of peripheral vision is that it perceives white light best, followed by all colors of the spectrum, starting with red. It also perceives the shape of objects poorly, but is sensitive to movement and flickering. And the faster this flickering, the better the eye perceives it (Ackg.ru website: Peripheral Vision Training. How to Develop Peripheral Vision? Exercises for Developing Peripheral Vision, found on August 5, 2025, at https://ackg.ru/trenirovka-perifericheskogo-zreniya-kak-razvit-perifericheskoe-zrenie/).

Therefore, an important design feature of the declared "Light Trainer" is that its working element (intended for perception by the peripheral vision of those practicing) is equipped with a backlight, which makes it possible to conduct exercises to restore and train peripheral vision in neurological patients with various eye diseases (for example, with a severe degree of presbyopia, cataracts, amblyopia, etc.), which make it difficult for the peripheral vision to perceive the working element.

In addition, the illumination of the working element of the "Light Trainer" facilitates better perception of it by peripheral vision for all those involved who do not have the above-mentioned eye diseases.

This is because focusing light on a specific location or object (referred to as "accent lighting") helps draw attention to the illuminated object (Wikipedia. Accent lighting, found online at https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Акцентное очкив).

This method of attracting attention is used in various devices, one of which is, for example, the “Device for attracting attention to outdoor advertising objects” (Patent RU 2227937 C2 dated 04/27/2004), which contains multi-colored flashing lighting aimed at key elements of the advertisement and installed on the top or sides of the billboard.

The tasks that the declared technical solution is aimed at solving are:

a) the versatility of the “Light Trainer”, which provides the opportunity to conduct exercises aimed at both restoring peripheral vision in neurological patients with visual field impairments, and training peripheral vision in healthy people;

b) the possibility of conducting classes on the restoration of peripheral vision with a wide range of neurological patients with visual field disorders, including patients with various eye diseases, by illuminating the working element;

c) increasing the convenience of conducting peripheral vision training sessions for healthy people, thanks to better perception of the working element due to its illumination;

d) the ability to set individual illumination modes for the working element of the “Light Trainer” for each student during the training;

d) ensuring better perception of the working element of the “Light Trainer” by peripheral vision due to the possibility of setting various flickering modes of its illumination;

e) the ability to perform a variety of exercises to restore and train peripheral vision, based on the movement of the working element along various trajectories;

g) the possibility of conducting long-term independent courses of study on the restoration and training of peripheral vision using the “Light Trainer”.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is an expansion of the arsenal of devices designed for work aimed at both the restoration and training of peripheral vision, implemented through the design elements of the claimed "Light Trainer", which provide the ability to conduct training sessions on the restoration of peripheral vision with a wide contingent of neurological patients with visual field disorders, including patients with various eye diseases, as well as to improve the convenience of conducting training sessions on peripheral vision in healthy people.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the "Light Trainer" is a device consisting of a handle with a plastic holder, in which a working element is fixed with artificial light sources located inside it, intended for illuminating the working element from the inside, ensuring a uniform dispersion of their light radiation; at the same time, a switch and control buttons are located on the handle, and a microcontroller and a battery are located inside the handle, wherein the artificial light sources are electrically connected to the microcontroller, which is electrically connected to the control buttons, and is connected via the switch to the battery; at the same time, the control buttons are intended for setting the operating mode of the artificial light sources, the handle is intended for holding the device with the hand, and the working element is intended for perception by the peripheral vision of the exerciser during the course of the exercises.

The preferred version of the Light Trainer uses LEDs as artificial light sources.

The preferred version of the Light Trainer uses incandescent lamps as artificial light sources.

The preferred version of the Light Trainer uses LEDs and incandescent lamps as artificial light sources.

In the preferred version of the “Light Trainer”, the working element is made in the form of a three-dimensional geometric figure.

In the preferred embodiment of the "Light Trainer", the working element is made in the form of an object.

The essence of the utility model "Light simulator for exercises on restoration and training of peripheral vision" is explained by drawings, which depict:

Fig. 1 shows a general view of the “Light Trainer”.

Fig. 2 shows a view of the “Light Trainer” from below.

The claimed "Light Trainer" (see Fig. 1, 2) is a device consisting of a handle (1) with a plastic holder (2), in which a working element (3) is detachably secured with artificial light sources (4) located inside it, intended for illuminating the working element (3) from the inside, ensuring uniform dispersion of their light radiation; at the same time, a switch (5) and control buttons (6) are located on the surface of the handle (1), and a microcontroller and a battery are located inside the handle (1), wherein the artificial light sources (4) are electrically connected to the microcontroller, which is electrically connected to the control buttons (6), and through the switch (5) is electrically connected to the battery; In this case, the control buttons (6) are intended to set the operating mode of the artificial light sources (4), the handle (1) is intended to hold the device with the hand, and the working element (3) is intended to be perceived by the peripheral vision of the person exercising (a patient with impaired peripheral vision or a healthy person training peripheral vision) during the exercise process.

The term "holder" is understood as "a device for holding or securing something" (Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary. Holder, found on the Internet at https://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/ogegova/47014).

The term "artificial light sources" refers to "technical devices of various designs and with various energy conversion methods, the main purpose of which is to produce light radiation" (Wikipedia. Artificial light sources, found on the Internet at https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/ИСклинный_источники_света).

The dimensions of this particular "Light Trainer" indicated below are not features that narrow the scope of legal protection, as they may change during the process of its creation.

The length of the handle (1) can be from 80 to 120 millimeters or more, and its diameter is 20-40 mm.

The handle (1) is made of plastic and has a cylindrical or other shape that ensures that it is comfortable to hold with the hand of the person exercising (a patient with impaired peripheral vision or a person training peripheral vision).

In this case, the handle (1) is hollow and consists of two parts: the upper part and the lower part, which is removable to allow for installation and maintenance of the electronic elements located inside the handle: a microcontroller and a battery (not shown in the figures).

The connection of the upper and lower parts of the handle (1) can be carried out, for example, by means of a threaded connection, which makes it possible to separate them and then connect them.

To ensure a more comfortable grip of the handle (1) by the practitioner’s hand, notches may be made on the outer surface of the handle (1) (not shown in the figures).

The holder (2) is located at the upper end of the handle (1) and has a cylindrical shape, and its diameter can be equal to the diameter of the handle (1) or exceed it by 10-20 mm.

The holder (2) and the upper part of the handle (1) can be made of plastic as a single integral structure, or rigidly connected to each other, for example, by means of an adhesive connection.

The working element (3) is fixed in the holder (2) in a removable manner (for example, by means of a threaded connection).

If the working element (3) is secured in the holder (2) by means of a threaded connection, then an external thread is made on the outer surface of the lower part of the working element (3), intended for screwing it into the internal thread of the holder (2).

The working element (3) of the “Light simulator” is intended for perception by the peripheral vision of the person exercising (a patient with impaired peripheral vision or a healthy person training peripheral vision) during the performance of exercises aimed at restoring or training peripheral vision.

Structurally, the working element (3) is hollow and is a plastic shell that functions as a diffuser, ensuring uniform dispersion of light radiation coming from artificial light sources (4), thereby forming a soft diffused light that does not blind the eyes of the student when perceiving the working element (3) during the course of the lesson.

The term "shell" refers to a spatial structure formed by two curved surfaces, the distance between which (thickness) is small compared to the other two dimensions (Great Russian Encyclopedia. Shell, found on the Internet at https://old.bigenc.ru/technology_and_technique/text/2283409).

The term "diffuser" refers to a device made of translucent material that qualitatively modifies the flow of light. Light rays passing through the diffuser change direction and are scattered in virtually all directions. The diffuser's luminous surface becomes a new light source (Dictionary of Photographic Terms. Diffuser, found online at https://fotosintez.ru/dict/rasseivate1-143.html).

Thus, the working element (3) can be made of hard translucent plastic with a thickness of 1-2 mm, which provides the ability to scatter light radiation coming from artificial light sources (4) located inside it.

In this case, the shell of the working element (3) can be made similar to any of the existing types of light radiation diffusers.

Currently, there are various types of diffusers, the most widely used of which are the following: a) "Prism", which has a ribbed surface; b) "Microprism", which has a finer texture and pattern than the "prism" type; c) "Crushed Ice", the surface of which resembles pieces of ice that have been crushed and then frozen again in water; d) "Honeycomb", the surface of which consists of a large number of small bulges with clearly defined edges, similar to a honeycomb; d) "Pin Spot", the outer surface of which resembles well-tanned leather; e) "Opal", which is a matte plastic (website "3a.energy". What is a diffuser, types of diffusers, found on the Internet at https://3a.energy/blog/chto-takoe-rasseivatel-tipy-rasseivateley/).

Along with the existing types of diffusers, a specially developed type of diffuser can be used for the shell of the working element (3) of the “Light simulator”.

In this case, the working element (3) of the “Light simulator” can be made in the form of:

a) a three-dimensional geometric figure, for example, in the form of a ball (see Fig. 1, 2), a polyhedron (dodecahedron, icosahedron, spherical polyhedron), cylinder, prism, etc.;

b) a three-dimensional object, for example, in the form of a flower bud, the top of an incandescent light bulb, etc.;

c) any other object that provides the possibility of illumination from the inside by artificial light sources (4).

The term "polyhedron" refers to a closed surface composed of polygons. There are different types of polyhedrons, such as the dodecahedron (a twelve-sided polyhedron), the icosahedron (an icosahedron), and so on. (Wikipedia: Polyhedron, found online at https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Многогранник.)

The term "spherical polyhedron" refers to a tessellation of a sphere in which the surface is divided by large arcs into bounded regions called spherical polygons. The most famous example of a spherical polyhedron is the soccer ball (Wikipedia: Spherical polyhedron, found online at https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherical_polyhedron).

The term "object" refers to any specific material phenomenon perceived by the senses and thought as something distinctly existing. Seeing an object. Animate or inanimate object. Discovering an object, etc. (Website: Academician. Encyclopedic Dictionary. Object, found online at https://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/es/45885/predmet).

If the working element (3) is made in the form of a ball (see Fig. 1, 2), then its diameter can be from 40 to 80 millimeters or more.

If the working element (3) is made in the form of a polyhedron, then the diameter of the circle described around it can be from 40 to 80 millimeters or more.

If the working element (3) is made in the form of a cylinder, its diameter can be from 25 to 40 millimeters or more, and its length can be from 80 to 150 millimeters or more.

If the working element (3) is made in the form of a prism, then the diameter of the circle described around its base can be from 25 to 40 millimeters or more, and the length from 80 to 150 millimeters or more.

If the working element (3) is made in the form of some other volumetric geometric figure or in the form of an object, then its length, width and height are in the range from 30 to 100 millimeters or more.

In this case, various graphic elements in the form of dots, lines, geometric figures, etc. can be applied to the outer surface of the working element (3), which can be arranged in any order, or in accordance with the appearance of any object or item, for example, a soccer ball.

Inside the working element (3) there are artificial light sources (4) designed to illuminate the working element (3) from the inside, ensuring uniform dispersion of light radiation from the artificial light sources (4) during exercises to restore and train peripheral vision.

Artificial light sources (4) are located inside the working element (3) in such a way as to ensure its uniform illumination.

Fixation of artificial light sources (4) in the required position inside the working element (3) is carried out by means of electric wires (of appropriate rigidity) connecting the artificial light sources (4), or by means of an additional support, for example, in the form of a plastic rod fixed in the center of the holder (2), and providing the possibility of attaching artificial light sources (4) to it.

To illuminate the working element (3), artificial light sources (4) of the following types can be used: a) light-emitting diodes; b) miniature incandescent lamps; c) any other artificial light sources whose dimensions and characteristics allow them to be used in the working element (3) of the “Light simulator”.

In this case, the artificial light sources (4) installed in the working element (3) of the “Light simulator” can differ in the color of the emitted light or type, and their number can range from four (yellow, red, green, blue) to six or more pieces.

Thus, in the working element (3) of the “Light simulator” LEDs of different colors can be used, contained, for example, in the “Set of colored LEDs”, which includes LEDs of white, yellow, orange, red, green and blue colors (website “Wildberries.ru” Set of colored LEDs 3 mm 24 pcs., found on 08/05/2025 on the Internet at the address https://www.wildberries.ru/catalog/93674880/detail.aspx).

Along with LEDs emitting light of a certain color, the working element (3) of the “Light simulator” can also use LEDs that automatically smoothly change the color of the emitted light, for example, “Transparent RGB LED that smoothly changes the color of the glow” (website “Kulibin.su” Transparent RGB LED that smoothly changes the color of the glow, found on 08/05/2025 on the Internet at https://kulibin.su/catalog/radiodetali/svetodiody/3-millimetra/svetodiod-3-mm-prozrachnyy-rgb-plavno-enyayushchiy-tsvet-svecheniya.html).

In this case, along with LEDs that change color automatically, the working element (3) of the “Light Trainer” can also use LEDs whose color changes occur manually.

Along with various types of LEDs, miniature incandescent lamps can also be used in the working element (3) of the "Light simulator", which are incandescent lamps designed for lighting and backlighting of radio and electrical equipment scales, alarms, in various flashlights, for light indication, etc. (website "Pitersvet.ru" Miniature incandescent lamps, found 08/05/2025 on the Internet at https://pitersvet.ru/index.php?cat=120&ysclid=m9jv4yy98g466310499).

To impart a specific color, miniature incandescent lamps can be painted with a heat-resistant colored varnish, for example, "Solins Capon Varnish" (website "Mm.ru" Quick-drying Solins Capon Varnish, found on 08/05/2025 on the Internet at https://mm.ru/product/capon-lak-solins-2585330?skuId=7632142).

In addition, in the working element (3) of the “Light simulator”, LEDs and miniature incandescent lamps can be used simultaneously as artificial light sources (4).

To provide power supply and set various operating modes of artificial light sources (4), the “Light Trainer” contains electronic components: a microcontroller (not shown in the figures), a battery (not shown in the figures), a switch (5) and control buttons (6), which are connected to each other in a single electrical circuit by means of electrical wires.

The term "microcontroller" refers to "a microcircuit designed to control an electronic device" (Wiktionary: Microcontroller, found online at https://ru.wiktionary.org/wiki/микроконтроллер).

The microcontroller is located inside the handle (1) of the “Light Trainer” and is designed to set, via control buttons (6), a specific operating mode of artificial light sources (4) for conducting a session on restoring and training peripheral vision.

Thus, the control buttons (6) provide:

a) selection of the highlighting color of the working element (3);

b) changing the brightness of the backlight of the working element (3);

c) switching on the mode of simultaneous illumination of the working element (3) in different colors;

d) switching on the flickering mode of illumination of the working element (3), which consists of its intermittent illumination in one color;

d) switching on the flickering mode of illumination of the working element (3), which consists of alternately illuminating it with different colors;

e) switching on the flickering mode of illumination of the working element (3), which consists of alternately illuminating it with several colors;

g) any other operating modes of artificial light sources (4) illuminating the working element (3).

The term "flicker" refers to the visual sensation of intermittency, alternation, or fluctuation of light (Dictionary of Terms of Normative and Technical Documentation. Flicker, found online at https://normative_reference_dictionary.academic.ru/34844/мерцание).

The battery is placed inside the handle (1) of the “Light Trainer” in such a way that:

a) can be removed from the handle (1) for recharging by placing it in the charger;

b) can be built into the handle (1), and its recharging is carried out via a socket connector (not shown in the figures), located, for example, on the end surface of the lower part of the handle (1).

The switch (5) is located on the handle (1) of the “Light Trainer” and is designed to turn the power supply of the device on and off.

Control buttons (6) are also located on the handle (1) of the "Light Trainer" and are used to set the operating mode of the artificial light sources (4). The total number of control buttons (6) can range from 3 to 6 or more.

To prevent accidental pressing of the fingers on the switch (5) and control buttons (6) when holding the “Light Trainer” by the handle (1), the upper parts of the switch (5) and control buttons (6) must have sufficient travel (2-5 mm) or be located flush with the outer surface of the handle (1).

Thus, artificial light sources (4) are connected electrically (via electrical wires) to the microcontroller, which is connected electrically to the control buttons (6), and through the switch (5) is connected electrically to the battery.

If the battery is built-in, it is additionally connected to the socket on the handle (1).

Thus, the design elements of the declared “Light simulator” provide:

a) the possibility of conducting classes on the restoration of peripheral vision with a wide range of neurological patients with visual field disorders, including patients with various eye diseases (for example, with a severe degree of presbyopia, cataracts, amblyopia, etc.), due to the illumination of the working element;

b) increasing the convenience of conducting exercises to train peripheral vision in healthy people due to better perception of the working element (3) by illuminating it;

c) the ability to set individual illumination modes for the working element (3) of the “Light simulator” for each person exercising;

d) ensuring better perception of the working element (3) of the “Light simulator” by peripheral vision due to the possibility of setting various flickering modes of its illumination;

d) reducing the impact of light radiation on the visual system due to its uniform dispersion by the shell of the working element (3).

The operation of the device "Light simulator for exercises on restoration and training of peripheral vision" is carried out as follows.

Conducting exercises to restore or train peripheral vision can be carried out either using one "Light Trainer", which is held alternately by the left and right hands, or with the simultaneous use of two "Light Trainers", held simultaneously by the hands of both hands of the practitioner.

Before conducting classes on restoring peripheral vision in neurological patients, a specialist (neuropsychologist, neurorehabilitation specialist, neuro-ophthalmologist) teaches the patient the practical use of the "Light Trainer".

At the beginning of a session on restoring peripheral vision with the simultaneous use of two “Light Trainers”, the specialist turns on each “Light Trainer” using a switch (5), and using the control buttons (6) sets a specific operating mode (color, brightness, etc.) of the artificial light sources (4) that illuminate the working element (3) of each device.

The choice of operating mode for artificial light sources (4) is determined by a specialist based on the individual characteristics and preferences of each patient. The specialist must also consider any neurological or other conditions that may prevent exposure to flickering light.

In the first lesson, it is most optimal to use yellow or green color for the backlight of the working element (3) of each device.

At the beginning of the session, the patient takes a “Light Trainer” in each hand and sits on a chair, looking straight ahead.

The exercises performed by the patient are selected by a specialist individually for each patient, depending on the characteristics of his existing peripheral vision impairments, therefore the set of exercises below is of a general recommendatory nature and requires individual adaptation for each patient.

The first exercise consists of the patient moving both arms forward and slowly moving them to the sides, first perceiving with his central and then with his peripheral vision the working elements (3) of the “Light Trainers” until they disappear from his field of vision, after which he moves his arms in the opposite direction.

The second exercise involves the patient moving both arms forward and slowly moving them to the sides, making smooth movements up and down, perceiving the working elements (3) with his peripheral vision until they disappear from his field of vision, after which he makes similar movements with his arms in the opposite direction.

The third exercise involves the patient moving both arms forward and slowly moving them to the sides, making smooth movements with them in a circular or other trajectory, perceiving the working elements with peripheral vision (3).

The fourth exercise involves the patient placing both arms extended in such a way that the working elements (3) are located at the border of peripheral vision, after which he slowly approaches and then moves them away from himself, perceiving the working elements (3) with peripheral vision.

The fifth exercise involves the patient placing both arms extended in such a way that the working elements (3) are located at the border of peripheral vision, after which he makes smooth movements with his arms along various trajectories, for example, in a circle, perceiving the working elements (3) with peripheral vision.

All these exercises are performed slowly and smoothly, without straining the eyes or any pupillary movements while perceiving the working elements (3). Each exercise is repeated by the patient according to the number of times prescribed by the specialist.

During subsequent sessions, the patient, under the guidance of a specialist, sets the most suitable illumination mode for the working element (3) using the control buttons (6), changing it if necessary to increase efficiency or add variety to the training process.

In addition to the exercises described above, peripheral vision rehabilitation exercises can also be performed using a single "Light Trainer," which the patient holds alternately with the left and right hands. The patient's other eye can be closed during these exercises.

To increase the effectiveness of peripheral vision restoration exercises using the "Light Trainer", various other exercises can be additionally used, based, for example, on the perception of various objects in the patient's surrounding space using peripheral vision.

Along with conducting classes on the restoration of impaired peripheral vision, the "Light Trainer" can also be used to prevent the narrowing of the peripheral visual field in neurological patients undergoing courses of classes on the restoration of impaired mental functions using computer technologies, which are widely used in the practice of neuropsychological rehabilitation of patients with organic brain damage (Selyavko L.E., Tsvetkova L.S. Computer technologies in rehabilitation training. Bulletin of Moscow University. Series 14, Psychology. 2006. No. 2. Pp. 71-78).

Peripheral vision training exercises using the "Light Trainer" for healthy individuals are carried out based on the above-described set of exercises for restoring peripheral vision, adapted after consultation with a specialist (ophthalmologist) based on his recommendations.

In addition to peripheral vision rehabilitation and training, the Light Trainer can also be used as a yellow light source in various exercise programs designed to train or improve visual acuity.

One of these sets of exercises is, for example, the set “The Best Exercises for Vision” (designed to prevent ophthalmological diseases, relieve eye fatigue, restore blood circulation and strengthen muscles), which includes an exercise in which the practitioner looks (in compliance with certain rules and after prior consultation with an ophthalmologist) at a light source, which can be the sun, a regular light bulb or a candle (website “Interoptika.ru” The Best Exercises for Vision, found on 08/05/2025 on the Internet at https://interoptika.ru/blog/zdorove-glaz/uprazhneniya-dlya-zreniya/).

The "Light Trainer" can also be used as a source of light radiation of other colors (for example, red) in various exercises aimed at training or improving visual acuity.

Looking at red light for three minutes a day can significantly improve vision, ophthalmologists from University College London have discovered. Red light of a specific wavelength can restore mitochondria in the retina, allowing cones and rods to function better. In the study, 24 people completed three-minute sessions over two weeks, during which they were required to look at the light of a small LED flashlight. The study found a significant improvement in vision among people over 40, who also experienced increased color recognition and improved vision comfort in low light conditions (Ochkisun website, "Red Light as a Way to Improve Vision," found online on August 5, 2025, at https://ochkisun.ru/news/krasnyj-cvet-kak-sposob-uluchshit-zrenie/).

Thus, by illuminating the working element (3) with a certain color or sequence of different colors, the “Light Trainer” is capable of exerting a positive effect on the visual system of a person with visual impairment.

Along with exercises aimed at restoring and training peripheral vision, the stated "Light Trainer" can be effectively used:

a) when conducting classes with children who have impaired peripheral vision;

b) when conducting classes with elderly people who have narrowing of peripheral vision;

c) when conducting classes with neurological patients with unilateral visual-spatial agnosia, in which the perception of objects in the left visual field is impaired, therefore, the above-described exercises for restoring peripheral vision are performed with these patients, based on the perception of the movement of a working element that periodically goes beyond the visual field perceived by the patient.

Thus, the claimed "Light Trainer" is a user-friendly, multifunctional device that provides the ability to conduct peripheral vision restoration exercises with a wide range of neurological patients with visual field impairments, including patients with various eye diseases, as well as a device that helps improve the convenience of conducting peripheral vision training exercises for healthy individuals.

Claims (6)

1. A light training device for exercises on the restoration and training of peripheral vision, characterized in that it is a device consisting of a handle with a plastic holder, in which a working element is fixed with artificial light sources located inside it, intended for illuminating the working element from the inside, ensuring a uniform dispersion of their light radiation; at the same time, a switch and control buttons are located on the handle, and a microcontroller and a battery are located inside the handle, wherein the artificial light sources are electrically connected to the microcontroller, which is electrically connected to the control buttons, and is connected through the switch to the battery; at the same time, the control buttons are intended for setting the operating mode of the artificial light sources, the handle is intended for holding the device with the hand, and the working element is intended for perception by the peripheral vision of the person exercising. 2. A light training device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that LEDs are used as artificial light sources. 3. A light training device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that incandescent lamps are used as artificial light sources. 4. A light training device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that LEDs and incandescent lamps are used as artificial light sources. 5. A light training device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the working element is made in the form of a three-dimensional geometric figure. 6. A light trainer according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the working element is made in the form of an object.