RU2373975C1 - Method for correction of vegetative balance in sportsmen - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine. ^ SUBSTANCE: invention refers to medicine area, namely to physiotherapy and sports medicine. Rest cardiac rhythm variability (CRV) is recorded to calculate: LF/HF relation, subcortical nerve centre index (SNSI), tension index (TI), vegetative balance index (VBI), vegetative indicator of rhythm (VIR), regulation adequacy indicator (RAI). Then examination is carried out once again after presenting the intellectual load stress-test. If rest parasympathetic regulation of vegetative nervous system is observed with LF/HF less than 0.5; and/or TI less or equal to 50; and/or VBI less or equal to 35; and/or VIR less or equal to 3.5; and/or VLF more than 150 points and/or reduced RAI after the intellectual load test, eyes are exposed to red or orange colour. If rest vegetative balance or sympathetic regulation of vegetative nervous system is observed with LF/HF more than 0.5 and/or TI more than 50, and/or VBI more than 35 and/or VIR more than 3.5 and/or VLF than less than 150 points, and/or increased RAI after the intellectual load test, eyes are exposed to green or dark blue colour. Colour exposure sessions are daily with using APEC system with light pulse repetition frequency 9.2+0.2. Hz, duration 5-6 seconds alternately for each eye during 8 min before noon after morning training within therapeutic course of 10 daily procedures. ^ EFFECT: invention extends range of products for correction of vegetative balance in sportsmen. ^ 12 tbl, 4 ex

Description

The invention relates to medicine, in particular to physiotherapy and sports medicine, and can be used to optimize the energy-metabolic and autonomic components of the adaptive processes of the body of athletes.

The problems of maintaining high exercise tolerance and maintaining health are very relevant in modern sports of high achievements (Iordanskaya F.A., Yudintseva M.S. Diagnostics and differentiated correction of symptoms of maladaptation to the loads of modern sports and a comprehensive system of measures for their prevention. // Theory and physical culture practice. - 1999. - No. 1. - P.21-26 .; Rogoza A.N., Heilits G.I., Pevzner A.V. et al. Key factors of instability of the circulatory system during orthostatic tests - objective possibilities analysis. // “Cl ethnic and physiological aspects of orthostatic disorders. ”- M.: Main Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, 2000, pp. 102-122).

Over the past 20 years, loads in sports have increased 4-5 times with a pronounced "rejuvenation" of almost all its types. For example, there is evidence that modern high-performance sports can have a depressing effect on the immune system. It is established that the higher the sports qualification, the greater the risk of colds at the peak of physical form: 53% (Dembo A.G. Foci of chronic infection in athletes.- M., 1970, pp. 6-19).

The use of physical therapy methods to increase the functional capabilities of the body of athletes is very promising, since in most cases they are not related to doping.

As an analogue, we have chosen the "Method for the correction of psycho-vegetative imbalance in patients with injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system." The authors propose the use of transcranial stimulation by electric pulses according to the oculooccipital technique. In this case, the stress index of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) is preliminarily determined according to P.M. Baevsky. The course of exposure to rectangular pulses with sympathicotonia is 5-7, and with vagotonia - 10-12 sessions. With normotonia, two courses of electrotherapy are conducted with triangular pulses of 5 sessions with an interval between them (Korableva N.N., Zhuravleva N.V. “A way to correct psycho-vegetative imbalance in patients with injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system”, patent No. 2137513 of 1999.09. 20 C. A61N 1/32).

However, this technique is intended for the treatment of patients with injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system and is not adapted for athletes. In addition, the main disadvantages of low-frequency pulsed electrotherapy are inherent in it: unpleasant or even painful sensations during the passage of electric current through the skin with a high concentration of nerve endings (eyelids, mastoid processes).

As a prototype, the selected method of exposure to human eyes "Device for light therapy" Photon ". The device is used to influence the brain through a visual analyzer with infrared radiation and green light. It contains two light sources. The infrared LEDs are fixed in the center of the light-protective filter glasses. Two green LEDs are located at the ends of the spectacle frame and are covered by a screen mounted respectively at the attachment points of the green LEDs. Both light sources work synchronously (Butukhanov V.V., Butukhanova E.V., Nikolaenko V.T. “Device for phototherapy“ Photon ”, class A61N 5/06, patent No. 2142829 from 1999.12.20 M. class A61N 5/06). Such an effect provides an increase in metabolic processes, which increases the therapeutic effect during light therapy.

Although this device and method are recommended for use, including in sports medicine, there are no differentiated methods for their use to influence the functional state of athletes' bodies.

The objective of the present invention is to normalize the vegetative balance of the body of athletes by pulsed stimulation of the visual analyzer with various light spectra based on their differentiated use depending on the initial physiological parameters.

The problem is solved by a method of correcting the autonomic balance of the body of athletes, including recording a cardiointervalogram. Heart rate variability (HRV) is recorded at rest and calculated: LF / HF ratio, subcortical nerve center index (PAPC), stress index (IN), autonomic equilibrium index (IVR), autonomic rhythm index (VLD), and the adequacy of regulation processes ( PAPR). Then repeat the study after presenting a mental stress test stress. In the presence of parasympathetic type at rest regulation of the autonomic nervous system, when LF / HF is less than 0.5; and / or ID is less than or equal to 50; and / or an IVR less than or equal to 35; and / or VLOOKUP is less than or equal to 3.5; and / or VLF greater than 150 points and / or a decrease in PAPR after a mental stress test effect the eyes in red or orange. If there is a state of autonomic equilibrium or a sympathetic type of regulation of the autonomic nervous system at rest, when LF / HF is greater than 0.5 and / or IN is greater than 50, and / or IVR is greater than 35 and / or VLF is greater than 3.5 and / or VLF is less than 150 points, and / or an increase in PAPR, after a mental stress test affect the eyes in green or blue. Color exposure sessions are carried out daily from the APEK apparatus, with a light pulse repetition rate of 9.2 ± 0.2.Hz, lasting 5-6 s, alternately for each eye for 8 minutes in the first half of the day, after morning training, on a course of 10 procedures daily.

Novelty of invention

In athletes, the hemodynamic parameters of the body are determined by recording the fluctuations of the cardiac rhythm in the supine position, at rest, and repeat the study after presenting a mental stress test.

The wave frequencies in three ranges are recorded (HF, LF, VLF), followed by their spectral analysis and determination of the power of each of the selected spectra, as well as with the calculation of the indices LF / HF, IN, IVR, VPR and PAPR.

In the presence of parasympathetic type of regulation of ANS at rest, when LF / HF is less than 0.5; and / or ID is less than or equal to 50; and / or an IVR less than or equal to 35; and / or VLOOKUP is less than or equal to 3.5; and / or VLF greater than 150 points, and / or a decrease in CAD, after a mental stress test affect the eyes in red or orange.

If there is a state of vegetative equilibrium or a sympathetic type of ANS regulation at rest, when LF / HF is greater than 0.5 and / or IN is greater than 50 and / or HRV is greater than 35 and / or VLR is greater than 3.5 and / or VLF is less than 150 points, and / or an increase in PAPR, after a mental stress test, they affect the eyes in green or blue.

The exposure is carried out by the APEC apparatus with a light pulse repetition rate of 9.2 ± 0.2.Hz and a duration of 5-6 s, alternately for each eye for 8 minutes in the first half of the day, after morning training, for a course of 10 procedures, daily.

The set of essential features of the invention allows to obtain a new useful result, which consists in normalizing the autonomic balance of the athlete’s body and in the possibility of preventing maladaptive disorders in athletes, which improves sports results.

Currently, to assess the functional state of the body, heart rate variability indicators are widely used. The energy of the HRV is measured in units of power spectral density or points (1 s ² / Hz · 100). The spectra of cardiac rhythm are usually subdivided into frequency ranges (Bayevsky PM Ivanov G.G., Chireikin L.V. et al. Analysis of heart rate variability when used. // Bulletin of Arrhythmology. - 2001. - No. 24. - p.65-86. ; Fleishman A.N. Slow hemodynamic oscillations. - Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1998. - 264 s).

VLF (very low frequency) - the range (0.0033-0.07 Hz) is predominantly related to cerebral manifestations and in its clinical and physiological significance reflects the energetic (biochemical) side of the processes. The amplitude of VLF waves below 30 points indicates a decrease in the body’s energy. VLFs above 150 points are considered enhanced features.

LF (low frequency) spectra (0.04-0.17 Hz) are associated with a segmental level of neural regulation; their predominance is observed with fatigue, dysregulation of the vascular system. Their spectral power is equal to 15-30 points.

Heart rhythms of the HF (high frequency) spectrum (0.18-0.5 Hz) reflect the state of the peripheral nervous system and characterize vaginal effects. Their spectral power is equal to 15-20 points.

The correlation of HRV spectra is also associated with endocrine-metabolic regulation. The predominance of HF is observed in ergotropic processes (for example, in individuals with low body weight or a tendency to its decrease). Conversely, trophotropic processes (for example, rapid accumulation of adipose tissue) are characteristic for low HF and a significant predominance of VLF (Fleishman A.N. Energy deficient states, neurovegetative regulation of physiological functions and heart rate variability // Collection of scientific papers of the II symposium “Slow oscillatory processes in the human body: theory, practice, application in clinical medicine and prevention. ”- Novokuznetsk, 2001. P.10-19.).

Based on HRV data, it is customary to calculate a number of indices proposed by M.R.Baevsky (Baevsky PM, Ivanov G.G., Chireikin L.V. et al. Analysis of heart rate variability when used. // Bulletin of Arrhythmology. - 2001. - No. 24. - p. 65-86.).

The LF / HF ratio is considered an indicator of the balance between the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS. Index LF / HF, equal to 0.5-2, indicates vegetative balance, more than 2.0 - about sympathicotonia, less than 0.5 - about parasympathicotonia (Baevsky PM, Motilyanskaya R.E. Heart rate in athletes. - M .: Physiology and Sport. 1986. 142 p.).

The correlation between the central and peripheral mechanisms of heart rate regulation is characterized by the centralization index (IC), as well as the activity index of the subcortical nerve centers (PAPC) (Rogoza A.N., Heilits G.I., Pevzner A.V. et al. Key instability factors circulatory systems for orthostatic tests - the possibility of objective analysis. // "Clinical and physiological aspects of orthostatic disorders." - M .: Main Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation, 2000, pp. 102-122.). They increase with an increase in the influence of the central nervous system (Aksenova AM, Reznikov K.M., Trofimova O.V. Influence of deep reflexo-muscle massage and exercises on regulatory processes in the body. // Klin. Med. - 1997. - No. 7 / - p. .50-55.). Their decrease may indicate the normalization of the regulatory processes carried out by the ANS (Rogozin A.N. Methods of spectral analysis of heart rate variability // Collection of scientific works of the symposium "Oscillatory processes of hemodynamics. Pulsation and fluctuation of the cardiovascular system" - Miass, 2000. - C .24-26 .; Fleishman AN Energy-deficient states, neurovegetative regulation of physiological functions and heart rate variability // Collected scientific papers of the II symposium “Slow oscillatory processes in the human body: theory, practice, etc. Menen in clinical medicine and prevention. "- Novokuznetsk, 2001. S.10-19)..

IC (centralization index) = VLF + LF / HF.

PAPNC (an indicator of the activity of the subcortical nerve centers) = LF / VLF.

The stress index reflects the degree of centralization of heart rate control (normal from 50 to 200).

ID (voltage index) = AM _O / 2X · M _O ,

where M _O - mode - the range of values of the most common RR intervals (peak of the histogram);

AM _O - mode amplitude - the number of cardiocycles corresponding to the mode value (M _O ) in% (the height of the largest column in the histogram).

The index of autonomic equilibrium determines the ratio of the contribution of the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems to the regulation of cardiac activity (norm - 35-145).

IVR (index of vegetative equilibrium) = AM _O / X,

where X is the degree of variability of values - R-R is the difference between the duration of the largest and smallest R-R intervals, expressed in%).

A vegetative rhythm indicator allows you to judge the autonomic balance of the body (normal - 3.5-5.0).

PPR (vegetative rhythm indicator) = 1 / M _O · X.

PAPR (an indicator of the adequacy of regulatory processes) = AM _O / M _O.

It is determined before and after the mental stress test (sequential subtraction from 5000 to 7).

An increase in the adequacy of regulation processes suggests that the regulatory effect of the ANS on the heart rhythm has become more adequate, i.e. it has become more economical (Fleishman A. N. Slow hemodynamic fluctuations. - Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1998. - 264 p.).

An increase in the values of IN, IVR, VLD and PAPR indicates activation of the sympathetic division of the ANS, its predominance over the parasympathetic, which is a nonspecific adaptation mechanism for stress of various etiologies.

The therapeutic efficacy of light has been confirmed by numerous studies (Welhover, E. S. Clinical Iridology. - M.: Polish-Sov. Ed. - Polygraphic Society "Orbit" Mosk. Fil., 1992, 432 p .; Volkova L.P. The frequency of visual perceptions in the act of binocular vision and some clinical aspects of the use of this phenomenon: Abstract ... Dis. Candidate of Medical Sciences. - St. Petersburg, 1991. - 20 p .; Goidenko BC, Zagorskaya N.A., Lugova AM, etc. Color-pulse therapy of diseases of internal organs, neurosis and eye diseases: a Training manual. - M., Russian medical aka . Emiya Postgraduate Education - 1996 - 45; Rassoshansky AY, Savinykh VI Tsvetodiagnostika and color therapy in ophthalmology: New medical technologies - Novokuznetsk-Ekaterenburg: NGIUV - 2003 - 105).... Once in the eye, it is perceived by a colossal network of vessels and receptors, exciting numerous centers of reflex and humoral regulation of the brain.

The red color (650-750 nm) has sympathicotonic, antidepressant, and timorectic effects: it increases the activity of tropic hormones, enhances adrenaline synthesis, enhances metabolism, speeds up heart rate and respiration, stimulates appetite, will, thinking, endurance, strength, visual acuity, immunity (Zverev V.A., Mamedov Yu.E. Color-magnetotherapy: Collection of teaching materials. / Ed. By Academician E.F. Levitsky. - Tomsk, 2003. - 40 p .; Balchum O., Doiron D., Huth G Photoradiation therapy of the nervous system using the photodynamic effect of hematoporphyrin derivate. - Lasers Surg. - 1994. - Vol.4. - P.13.).

Orange color (585-620 nm) in its physiological effects is approaching red. His ability to accelerate regenerative processes in the nervous tissue and increase muscle strength with a minimally pronounced sympathetic-tonic effect is especially distinguished.

Blue color (450-510 nm) lowers the excitability of the central nervous system (CNS), slows down the speed of impulse propagation through nerve fibers (Kiryanova V. Anthology of light. // Physiotherapist. - 2005. No. 9. - P.16-19.). It affects the pituitary gland, parasympathetic nervous system, has antibacterial, analgesic, sedative, muscle relaxant and hypnotic effects (Polonsky A.K., Balakov V.F., Ilyin Yu.B. et al. Laser biophotometry in the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory diseases etiology and traumatic injuries // Abstracts of the III World Congress on Laser Therapy. - Greece, 2000. - S.96-98.).

Green color (510-575 nm) balances the processes of excitation and inhibition in the central nervous system, has a local antispastic and decongestant effect, reduces the activity of tropic hormones, stimulates the synthesis of serotonin, and optimizes autonomic regulation (V.A. Kiryanova, 2005).

Due to the phenomenon of binocular rivalry of the visual fields (Volkova L.P. Frequency of visual perceptions in the act of binocular vision and some clinical aspects of the use of this phenomenon: Abstract ... Ph.D. Candidate of Medical Sciences, St. Petersburg, 1991. - 20 pp.) visual perceptions has a frequency of 3-5 s. With overwork, desynchronization of visual biorhythms often occurs.

Justification of the invention. We examined 26 pupils of the Olympic reserve school (11 girls and 15 boys) aged 15 to 20 years (on average - 17.48 ± 0.66 years) involved in athletics, swimming, rhythmic gymnastics and cycling. Among them, there were 17 masters and candidates for masters of sports (65%), and 9 first-graders (35%). At the time of the study, all of them were in the preparatory (training) period of the sports uniform.

The rhythmic color effect was carried out by the APEK psychoemotional correction device (No. YaYUKL.941549.012PS), manufactured by NIIPP (Tomsk). The device consists of opaque glasses with a red, orange, blue or green LED placed in the center of the optical field of view of each eye. The electronic part of the device provides the rhythmic presentation of the photostimulus with a frequency of 9.2 ± 0.2 Hz. The regulation of the pulse intensity, as well as the duration of alternate stimulation of each eye (3.5-6 s) is carried out automatically

Registration of the cardiac rhythm was carried out by three cutaneous electrodes located in the second intercostal space, on the right; in the xiphoid process; in the fifth intercostal space, on the left. As an analog-to-digital converter, a Microcardia analyzer "Electronics MKA-02" (Belarus) connected to a personal computer was used. The system is managed by the Spectrum program, developed by the Vertex medical and technical enterprise (Novokuznetsk, 1993). By calculating the duration of 256 R-R intervals, the device automatically calculates the power of the spectral ranges and M.R. Baevsky (Fleishman A.N. Slow hemodynamic oscillations. - Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1998. - 264 p.). Registration time does not exceed 6 minutes.

The study was conducted in the afternoon after an evening workout and included 5 consecutive HRV testing sessions. First, the initial cardiointervalogram was recorded, then the procedure was repeated against the background of a universal stress test by sequentially subtracting from 500 to 7 in the mind, after a 15-minute rest, HRV was again studied to evaluate the trace effects of the functional load. This was followed by a session of ophthalmophotostimulation (OFS) with synchronous cardiointervalography, another 15-minute rest and final recording of HRV in the post-load period.

Material processing was carried out using the Russified STATISTICA-6 package of applied statistical programs. To increase the reliability of the results, due to the small sample size, all subjects were grouped into 2 groups. The first group included athletes exposed to OFS in red and orange, the second in green and blue. When comparing the results, the following criteria were used: Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney for paired samples (z), paired Student's t-test (t) and χ ² criterion.

The results of the research. The spectral ratio of the cardiac rhythm in the background recording (resting state) was correct in all subjects and was characterized by a significant predominance of VLF over other spectra.

According to the power of the VLF range, in 15 (58%) subjects the initial level of energy processes of the body was within the normal range (91.5 ± 23.2 points), and in 11 (42%) it was increased (663.73 ± 352, 8) when p is less than 0.05.

According to IVR and IN data, the majority of observed athletes (76.9% and 53.9%, respectively) were in a state of vagotonia (Table 1).

Table 1. The correlation of types of autonomic response in the group of athletes examined by the indices of M.R.Baevsky Total number of subjects: 26 Voltage Index (IN) Vegetative Equilibrium Index (IVR) Vegetative rhythm indicator (CMP) Test sum Qty % Qty % Qty % Qty % Vegetative balance eleven 42.31 6 23.8 eleven 42.31 28 35.9 Sympathetic
tonia one 3.85 0 0 8 30.77 9 11.54 Vagotonia fourteen 53.9 twenty 76.92 7 26.92 41 52.56 Significance level by criterion x ² 0.005 0.000005 0.61 0.00005

In terms of VLR, no significant predominance of any type of vegetative response was observed.

Table 2. Dynamics of indicators of cardiointervalography in the total sample of athletes under the influence of a stress test (mental count) and a single ophthalmophotostimulation Compare groups Sample size (number of people) Medium (M) Mean error (+/- m at p less than 0.05) Wilcoxon-Mann test
Whitney for paired
samples (z) Significance Level (p) HF - background value 21 33,381 +/- 12.86 2.14 0,03 HF - response to stress test 21 24,857 +/- 16.3 HF stress test response 21 24,857 +/- 16.3 2.14 0,03 HF - stress test recovery 21 25.48 +/- 6.01 The stress index according to M.R.Baevsky (background value) 21 48.57 +/- 7.87 2.15 0,031 The stress index according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to stress test) 21 64.67 +/- 16.38 The stress index according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to stress test) 21 64.67 +/- 16.38 2.02 0,044 The stress index according to M.R.Baevsky (recovery after a stress test) 21 49.43 +/- 8.78 Vegetative heart rate according to M.R.Baevsky (background value) 21 4.14 +/- 0.54 2.2 0,028 Vegetative heart rhythm indicator according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to a single ophthalmophotostimulation) 21 6.38 +/- 2.32 Vegetative heart rate according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to stress test) 21 5.19 +/- 0.88 2.17 0,03 Vegetative heart rhythm indicator according to M.R.Baevsky (recovery after a stress test) 21 4.14 +/- 0.55 Vegetative heart rate according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to a single
ophthalmophotostimulation) 21 6.38 +/- 2.33 2.25 0,025 Vegetative heart rhythm indicator according to M.R.Baevsky (recovery after a stress test) 21 4.14 +/- 0.55 The adequacy of regulatory processes according to M.R.Baevsky (background value) 21 25.47 +/- 2.38 2.01 0,044 The adequacy of regulatory processes according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to stress test) 21 29.48 +/- 4.28 The adequacy of regulatory processes according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to stress test) 21 29.48 +/- 4.28 2.13 0,033 The adequacy of regulatory processes according to M.R.Baevsky (recovery from a stress test) 21 25.9 +/- 3.41 The adequacy of regulatory processes according to M.R.Baevsky (background value) 21 25.47 +/- 2.38 1.96 0.05 The adequacy of regulatory processes according to M.R.Baevsky (recovery after a single ophthalmophotostimulation) 21 29.48 +/- 2,3

In general, by the sum of the indices M.R. Bayevsky (Table 1) it can be argued that in most cases (52.56%) the initial vagotonia predominates, vegetative equilibrium is observed in 35.9% and sympathicotonia (p less than 0.0001) is least likely to occur (11.54%).

Analysis of the LF / HF ratio did not reveal significant differences: in 11 (43.49%) cases, the initial vegetative equilibrium prevailed, in 10 (39.13%) - parasympathicotonia, and in 5 (17.4%) - sympathicotonia (p is 0, 3).

Thus, according to the initial level of energy processes, the examined group of athletes is not homogeneous: in 58% they correspond to the norm, and in other cases they are increased.

The hyperergic (hyperactive) nature of energy can characterize the inclusion of higher cerebral governing and regulatory structures (Fleishman A.N. Slow hemodynamic fluctuations. - Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1998. - 264 p.).

Among the types of general vegetative support, normo and vagotonia prevailed in all subjects. In the management of cardiac activity for most cases, an increased effect of the parasympathetic nervous system was noted.

After the stress test, a significant decrease in the power of the HF range by 25.5% was observed in the total sample, with its subsequent restoration to the initial values in the post-load period (Table 2).

In our material, an increase in the role of central regulation of the heart rate after a stress test (according to the IC) was observed in 9 subjects (36%), and peripheral in 16 (64%) with p less than 0.05; the regulatory influence of the subcortical nerve centers (according to the PAPC) increased under the influence of the stress test in 8 athletes (32%), and decreased in 18 (68%) with a p of 0.0499.

Under the influence of the stress test, an increase in ID was observed by 24.7%, PPR - by 35%, and CAD - by 13.6%; with their subsequent return to the initial values in the post-load state (Table 2).

In general, a short-term increase in these indices indicates the presence of sympathicotonic (stress) effects, however, the observed fluctuations in their average values practically do not go beyond the boundaries corresponding to vegetative equilibrium.

Table 3. Dynamics of indicators of cardiointervalography in a group of athletes, the initial level of energy or energy reactions to a functional test (according to VLF) which corresponds to the norm Compare groups Sample size (number of people) Medium (M) Mean error (+/- m at p less than 0.05) Student paired criterion (t) Significance Level (P) VLF - response to stress test 10 130.1 +/- 23.22 -2.31 0,043 VLF - stress test recovery 10 218.3 +/- 102.16 Vegetative rhythm indicator according to M.R.Baevsky (background value) 10 5,6 +/- 0.64 4.12 0.0026 Vegetative heart rate according to M.R.Baevsky (recovery from stress test) 10 4.2 +/- 0.56

In the subgroup of subjects, the initial energy level of which corresponded to the norm (Table 3), in the recovery period after the stress test, a significant increase in the power of the VLF range was observed by 67.8% to hyperaptive values. At the same time, a decrease in VLD by 25% was noted, but it remained within the normal range.

In the subgroup of athletes with an initially increased level of energy processes (Table 4), the LF / HF ratio in the post-work period decreased from 2.37 (sympathicotonia) to 1.43 (vegetative equilibrium).

Thus, the reaction to the standard stress test (calculations in the mind) in the studied group of athletes is manifested by a decrease in most cases of the regulatory effect of the central nervous system, in particular subcortical nerve centers, against the background of an increase in the contribution of the ANS. In this case, the controlling role of the parasympathetic nervous system decreases, while the sympathetic one increases. All described vegetative shifts are short-term in nature.

Persons with an initially normal (according to VLF) energy level were characterized by a post-load hyperactive state against the background of a certain tendency to vagotonia. In cases of an initially increased energy level, the balance of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the ANS tended to autonomic equilibrium.

Table 4. Dynamics of indicators of cardiointervalography in a group of athletes whose initial energy level (according to VLF data) exceeds the norm Compare groups Sample size (number of people) Medium (M) Mean error (+/- m at p less than 0.05) Paired student criterion
(t) Significance Level (p) VLF - response to a single ophthalmophotostimulation eleven 489.18 +/- 223.5 2,31 0,043 VLF - recovery after a single ophthalmophotostimulation eleven 1109.18 +/- 602.5 LF - response to a single ophthalmophotostimulation eleven 62.45 +/- 27.51 -2.31 0,043 LF - recovery after a single ophthalmophotostimulation eleven 68.45 +/- 29.43 LF / HF Ratio - Stress Test Response eleven 2,37 +/- 0.69 2.49 0,032 LF / HF Ratio - Recovery from Stress Test eleven 1.43 +/- 0.33 Vegetative rhythm indicator according to M.R.Baevsky (background value) eleven 3,55 +/- 0.55 -2.83 0.018 Vegetative heart rhythm indicator according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to a single ophthalmophotostimulation) eleven 4.82 +/- 0.66 Vegetative heart rhythm indicator according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to a single ophthalmophotostimulation) eleven 4.82 +/- 0.66 2.62 0,026 Vegetative heart rate according to M.R.Baevsky (recovery after a single ophthalmophotostimulation) eleven 3.82 +/- 1.04 The adequacy of regulatory processes according to M.R.Baevsky (background value) eleven 23.18 +/- 2.06 -3.56 0.005 The adequacy of regulatory processes according to M.R.Baevsky (recovery after a single ophthalmophotostimulation) eleven 30.00 +/- 2.05 The adequacy of regulatory processes according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to stress test) eleven 25.82 +/- 3.58 3.78 0.02 The adequacy of regulatory processes according to M.R.Baevsky (recovery from a stress test) eleven 21.36 +/- 1.84 The adequacy of regulatory processes according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to a single ophthalmophotostimulation) eleven 22.64 +/- 2.06 -5.45 0,00028

It can be argued that calculations in the mind are a short-term stressor, the sensitivity of which is slightly higher in cases of training reaction. According to the literature, in healthy subjects, the stress test is implemented in 70% of cases with vaginal changes and stimulates the sympathoadrenal system in 30% (Fleishman A.N. Slow hemodynamic fluctuations. - Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1998. - 264 p.).

Table 5. Dynamics of indicators of cardiointervalography in athletes under the influence of a single ophthalmophotostimulation in red or orange Compare groups Sample size (number of people) Medium (M) Mean error (+/- m at p less than 0.05) Wilcoxon-Mann test
Whitney for paired
samples (z) Significance Level (p) Vegetative heart rate according to M.R.Baevsky (background value) 12 5.17 +/- 0.73 2.04 0,041 Vegetative heart rhythm indicator according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to a single ophthalmophoto-
stimulation) 12 8.00 +/- 2.91 Vegetative heart rate according to M.R.Baevsky (recovery from stress test) 12 4.17 +/- 0.57 2.25 0.014 Vegetative heart rhythm indicator according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to a single ophthalmophoto-
stimulation) 12 8.00 +/- 2.91

When using OFS instead of a stress test, regardless of the color used, an increase in VLOOKUP by 54.1% and PAPR by 15.7% was observed. The shift of VLOOKUP at OFS was distinctly higher than at a stress test (table 3). All this indicates a clear shift in the autonomic balance towards sympathicotonia.

There were no significant differences between IC and PAPNC in response to OFS compared with the stress test.

In the subgroup with an initially elevated energy level (Table 4), an even greater increase in VLF (by 97.7%) was observed in the post-load period, while LF (by 9.6%) and PAPR (by 29.42%) increased. PPR immediately after the OFS increased by 35.8% with a return to the original figures in the recovery period.

Thus, a single OFS (regardless of the color used), in contrast to the standard stress test, causes a distinct sympathetic reaction, that is, is a stronger irritant.

Table 6 Dynamics of indicators of cardiointervalography in athletes under the influence of a single ophthalmophotostimulation in green or blue Compare groups Sample size
(qty
person) Medium (M) Mean error (+/- m at p less than 0.05) Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test for paired samples (z) Significance Level (P) VLF - response to a single ophthalmophotostimulation 9 466.0 +/- 218.89 2.67 0.0076 VLF - recovery after a single ophthalmophotostimulation 9 1017.44 +/- 599.61 LF - response to a single ophthalmophotostimulation 9 61.78 +/- 26.32 2.07 0,038 LF - recovery after a single ophthalmophotostimulation 9 68.0 +/- 28.06

In persons characterized by a hyperactive state, color stimulation of the visual analyzer further increases the level of energy processes, while the observed increase in LF can be associated with fatigue and a decrease in the role of the central nervous system in the regulation of the cardiovascular system (Fleishman A. N. Slow hemodynamic fluctuations. - Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1998 .-- 264 p.).

Table 7. Comparison of indicators of cardiointervalography in athletes under the influence of a single ophthalmophotostimulation in green or blue with similar indicators in the total sample Compare groups Sample size (number of people) Medium (M) Mean error (+/- m at p less than 0.05) Unpaired student criterion (t) Significance Level (p) LF - background value (entire sample) 21 30.52 +/- 6.98 2.2 0.0018 LF - reaction to a single ophthalmophotostimulation (green or blue) 9 61.78 +/- 26.32 LF - background value (entire sample) 21 30.52 +/- 6.98 2.5 0.009 LF - restoration of one-time ophthalmophotostimulation (green or blue color) 9 68.0 +/- 28.06

In subjects with an initial normal level of energy processes, reactions to OFS do not statistically differ from reactions to a standard stress test.

Table 8. Comparison of cardiointervalography indices of a group of athletes who underwent single ophthalmophotostimulation in red or orange with a group stimulated in green or blue Compare groups Sample size (number of people) Medium (M) Mean error (+/- m at p less than 0.05) Unpaired student criterion (t) Significance Level (p) HF - recovery after a single ophthalmophotostimulation in red or orange 12 28.58 +/- 10.22 2,3 0,028 HF - recovery after a single ophthalmophotostimulation in green or blue 9 48.21 +/- 8.08 Stress index according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to a single ophthalmophotostimulation in red or orange) 12 66.41 +/- 13.69 2.21 0,03 Voltage index according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to a single ophthalmophotostimulation in green or blue) 9 41.00 +/- 6.13 Index of vegetative equilibrium according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to a single ophthalmophotostimulation in red or orange) 12 107.17 +/- 20.15 4.34 0,047 Index of vegetative equilibrium according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to a single ophthalmophotostimulation in green or blue) 9 74.89 +/- 9.68 Vegetative rhythm indicator according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to a single ophthalmophotostimulation in red or orange) 12 8.00 +/- 2.91 1,64 0.00002 Vegetative rhythm indicator according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to a single ophthalmophotostimulation in green or blue) 9 4.22 +/- 0.47 The adequacy of regulatory processes according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to a single ophthalmophotostimulation in red or orange) 12 34.25 +/- 6.94 2.1 0.0018 The adequacy of regulatory processes according to M.R.Baevsky (reaction to a single ophthalmophotostimulation in green or blue) 9 22.44 +/- 2.03

When using red or orange colors as a source of influence on the visual analyzer, an increase in VLOOKUP by 54.7% was observed in relation to the initial indicators (Table 5). As in the undifferentiated sample of athletes subjected to OFS, the shift in VLR in this case was higher than during the stress test, and clearly testified to a shift in the vegetative balance towards sympathicotonia.

When using green or blue colors for OFS (Table 6) in the recovery period, an increase in VLF by 118.3% and LF by 10.1% was noted. Compared with the background values of the total sample, the LF indices as a result of exposure steadily increased by more than 120% (Table 7).

All this indicates the development of a hyperactive reaction against the background of some fatigue.

A comparison of the group of subjects exposed to green or blue with the group stimulated by shades of red showed (Table 8) that HF was 1.7 times (68.3%) more prevalent, in the first case, increased vaginal effects. All indices of R.M.Baevsky were higher in the second subgroup: IN - by 38.9%; IVR - by 30.1%; PPR - by 47.3% and PAPR - by 34.5% - activation of the sympathetic division of the ANS.

Thus, on the basis of studies of nonspecific reactivity and heart rate variability in athletes under the influence of course application of OFS with various light spectra, the following conclusions can be drawn:

1. Color stimulation of the visual analyzer by the nature of the irritating effect exceeds the standard stress test and is an effective means of influencing the energy processes of the body and the balance of the ANS.

2. For OFS, regardless of the color used, athletes with an initially elevated level of energy processes of the body are especially sensitive. Apparently, this condition corresponds to the most optimal sports form: the adaptive systems of the body are in a state of tension, but are still far from exhaustion.

3. OFS with green-blue light spectra can be recommended as the most appropriate means of preventing maladaptive disorders in athletes with a normal or low level of energy processes of the body, prone to sympathicotonia. Their adaptive systems are tense and are already beginning to be depleted.

4. OFS with a red light spectrum is to a greater extent shown to athletes with a high level of energy and a parasympathetic type of ANS response. These individuals have high energy potential, but have not yet reached the peak of their physical capabilities.

The proposed method is as follows.

Before correction of the athlete’s condition, three cutaneous electrodes from the apparatus for cardiointervalography are located respectively: in the second intercostal space, on the right; in the xiphoid process; in the fifth intercostal space, on the left. Background recording of HRV is performed. Then the subject is asked to count in the mind, subtracting from 100 to 7, and the study is repeated. A computer program in automatic mode after registering a background and post-load cardiointervalogram determines the spectral power of the ranges and calculates all of the above indices.

In the presence of parasympathetic type of regulation of ANS at rest, when LF / HF is less than 0.5; and / or ID is less than or equal to 50; and / or an IVR less than or equal to 35; and / or VLOOKUP is less than or equal to 3.5; and / or VLF greater than 150 points and / or a decrease in PAPR after a mental stress test, a decision is made to expose the eyes to red or orange light.

If there is a state of vegetative equilibrium or a sympathetic type of ANS regulation at rest, when LF / HF is greater than 0.5 and / or IN is greater than 50 and / or HRV is greater than 35 and / or VLR is greater than 3.5 and / or VLF is less than 150 points, and / or an increase in PAPR after a mental stress test affects the eyes with green or blue light.

The rhythmic color effect is carried out by the APEK psychoemotional correction device (No. YaYUKL.941549.012PS), manufactured by NIIPP (Tomsk), in the first half of the day after the morning training. An optical terminal is put on the face - special opaque glasses with an LED emitting the selected color placed in the center of the optical field of view of each eye.

The optical terminal is connected by cable to the electronic unit of the device. The device turns on. With the button located on his body, the patient selects the most comfortable intensity of the LEDs and is conveniently arranged in a sitting or lying position. No other instrument setup is required.

OFS sessions are held daily, their duration is 8 minutes, and the course of exposure is 10 procedures.

Example 1. Athlete A., born in 1987, a graduate of the school of the Olympic reserve, a master of sports in swimming. During the next dispensary examination (May 21, 2007) she complained of redness of the eyes, a feeling of heaviness, burning and sensation of a foreign body over the centuries. Over the past month, drowsiness appeared in the morning, and increased fatigue after training.

Table 9. Cardiointervalography data of athlete A .: initial state; before and after a course of ophthalmophotostimulation in red Indicators The initial state After odnokr. OFS session After the course OFS Vlf 56 97 63 Lf 12 13 28 Hf 35 fourteen 9 LF / HF ratio 0.34 0.92 3,1 IN - voltage index 60 70 74 IVR - index of autonomic equilibrium 135 113 119 CDF - a vegetative rhythm indicator four 7 5 PAPR - an indicator of the adequacy of regulatory processes 26 27 36

An analysis of the results of cardiointervalography (Table 9) revealed the initially normal state of the energy processes of the body; the initial autonomic equilibrium was observed according to IN, IVR, CMD and parasympatheticotonia in relation to LF / HF.

The athlete conducted 10 sessions of ophthalmophotostimulation in green according to the method described above.

As a result of the impact, subjective complaints disappeared. After the course of general physical fitness, the state of the body’s energy remained within normal limits; a sympathetic reaction was observed in IN, IVR, PAPR and the ratio of LF / HF. An increase in the central regulation of the heart rhythm by IC and an increase in the regulatory influence of the subcortical nerve centers according to the PAPC were noted.

Example 2. Athlete T., born in 1987, a graduate of the school of Olympic reserve, candidate for master of sports in athletics. 2 weeks before the follow-up examination she had the flu; since then noted increased fatigue and a decrease in athletic performance during training. It was examined by a therapist: no clinically significant pathology from the pulmonary and cardiovascular systems was noted.

Cardiointervalography established an initially elevated (hyperactive) level of energy; parasympathicotonia was observed according to IN, IVR, and the LF / HF ratio, and vegetative equilibrium according to the VLF (Table 10).

Table 10. Data cardiointervalography athlete T .: initial state; before and after the course of ophthalmophotostimulation in orange Indicators The initial state After odnokr. OFS session After the course OFS Vlf 152 193 275 Lf 22 39 19 Hf 46 49 56 LF / HF ratio 0.47 0.79 0.34 IN - voltage index 60 70 74 IVR - index of vegetative equilibrium 135 113 119 CDF - a vegetative rhythm indicator four 7 5 PAPR - an indicator of the adequacy of regulatory processes 26 27 36

A single exposure to orange using the APEC apparatus caused a decrease in the energy level to normal values and a sympathetic reaction with respect to the LF / HF ratio (Table 10).

After the OFS course, a marked improvement in the subjective state of the athlete was noted, physical performance increased. According to cardiointervalography, while preserving the hyperactive state of the energy system, a parasympathetic orientation of vegetative reactions was observed according to IN, IVR and PAPR; autonomic equilibrium according to CDF and parasympathicotonia in relation to LF / HF. An increase in the central regulation of the heart rhythm by the centralization index, an increase in the regulatory influence of the subcortical nerve centers and the inclusion of higher cerebral control structures were noted.

These two examples show that in athletes prone to the predominance of parasympathetic reactions, the course of OFS in red or orange strengthened the tone of the sympathetic division of the ANS. At the same time, the regulatory influence of cortical and subcortical cerebral control structures was activated.

Example 3. Athlete K., born in 1989, a graduate of the school of Olympic reserve, a master of sports in gymnastics. The girl complained to the doctor about a bad dream and increased excitability on the eve of responsible competitions.

Table 11. Cardiointervalography data of athlete K.: initial state; before and after the course of ophthalmophotostimulation in green Indicators The initial state After odnokr. OFS session After the course OFS Vlf 41 304 159 Lf 12 44 23 Hf 8 39 69 LF / HF ratio 1,5 1.12 0.33 IN - voltage index 87 36 44 IVR - index of vegetative equilibrium 138 68 81 CDF - a vegetative rhythm indicator 7 four four PAPR - an indicator of the adequacy of regulatory processes 33 22 26

The recording of a cardiointervalogram testified to the normal state of energy; initial vegetative equilibrium according to IN, IVR and the ratio of LF / HF, sympathicotonia according to VLD (Table 11).

For a single OFS procedure, a short-term increase in the level of energy (stress response) was observed in green.

After the OFS course (Table 11), the level of energy reactions steadily increased (to hyperactive values); a parasympathetic reaction was noted according to IN, IVR, VLD, PAPR and the ratio LF / HF. An increase in the central regulation of the heart rhythm and the regulatory influence of the subcortical nerve centers was revealed.

Example 4. Athlete D., born in 1988, a graduate of the school of the Olympic reserve, a master of sports in skiing. During the competition he was injured - an ankle sprain. Due to severe pain, he was forced to temporarily stop training. Along with medical and physiotherapeutic rehabilitation measures, it was decided to conduct a course of general physical education.

Cardiointervalography testified to the energy norm, autonomic equilibrium according to IN, IVR and the ratio LF / HF; the predominance of sympathetic regulation according to CDF (table 12).

Table 12. Data cardiointervalography athlete D .: initial state; before and after a course of ophthalmophotostimulation in blue Indicators The initial state After odnokr. OFS session After the course OFS Vlf 65 126 105 Lf fourteen 36 33 Hf 9 58 71 LF / HF ratio 1.55 0.62 0.46 IN - voltage index thirty 49 57 IVR - index of vegetative equilibrium 68 37 41 CDF - a vegetative rhythm indicator one hundred 66 80 PAPR - an indicator of the adequacy of regulatory processes 6 5 four

After a single OFS session in blue, a high reactivity of the energy processes and a decrease in the adequacy of the regulatory influence of the ANS according to CAD were observed.

The full course of OFS contributed to the development of parasympathetic reactions according to IN, IVR, VLD, PAPR and the ratio of LF / HF; an increase in the central regulation of the heart rhythm was also observed against the background of a decrease in the regulatory effect of the subcortical nerve centers (Table 12).

In the last two examples, in athletes who are in a state of vegetative equilibrium or with a certain tendency toward sympathicotonia, the course of general physical fitness in green or blue contributed to an increase in parasympathetic tone (stimulating stress effect). At the same time, there was an increase in the central regulation of heart rate

Thus, the set of essential features of the invention allows to optimize the energy-metabolic and vegetative processes of the athlete's body, which reduces the likelihood of maladaptive disorders and potentially contributes to the achievement of higher sports results.

Claims (1)

A method of correcting the autonomic balance of an athlete’s body, including recording a cardiointervalogram, characterized in that heart rate variability (HRV) is recorded at rest and the following are calculated: LF / HF ratio, subcortical nerve center index (PAPC), stress index (IN), autonomic equilibrium index ( IVR), a vegetative rhythm indicator (VLR), an indicator of the adequacy of regulatory processes (CAP), then repeat the study after presenting a mental stress test and in the presence of a parasympathetic type of rest ulyatsii autonomic nervous system when LF / HF is less than 0.5; and / or ID is less than or equal to 50; and / or an IVR less than or equal to 35; and / or VLOOKUP is less than or equal to 3.5; and / or VLF greater than 150 points and / or a decrease in PAPR after a mental stress test - they affect the eyes in red or orange; in the presence of a state of autonomic equilibrium or a sympathetic type of regulation of the autonomic nervous system at rest, when LF / HF is greater than 0.5 and / or IN is greater than 50, and / or IVR is greater than 35 and / or VLF is greater than 3.5 and / or VLF is less than 150 points, and / or an increase in PAPR after a mental stress test affect the eyes in green or blue; color exposure sessions are carried out daily from the APEK apparatus, with a light pulse repetition rate of 9.2 + 0.2 Hz, lasting 5-6 s, alternately for each eye for 8 minutes in the first half of the day after morning training, per course 10 procedures daily.