RU237201U1 - WATER HEATING BOILER DOOR WITH HEAT PROTECTION MODULE - Google Patents

Abstract

This utility model relates to housing components for flow heaters. The technical problem lies in the formation of localized areas of the door surface with unacceptably high temperatures. The technical result consists of reducing the heating temperature of the boiler door surface. The claimed door consists of front and rear partitions and a shell, forming a sealed, round cavity. The front part of the cavity is covered with a decorative sheet with a heat-insulating layer. Spacers are located within the cavity between the front and rear partitions, perpendicular to the longitudinal projection. A steel pipe with a flange along its outer edge for connection to the boiler burner penetrates the central part of the cavity. Upper and lower flanged outlets extend from the shell at the top and diametrically below. 3 ref. f-ly, 6 fig.

Description

The field of technology to which the utility model belongs

The utility model relates to housing parts of flow medium heaters, in particular to removable doors of fire-tube boilers, in which the coolant is water.

State of the art

Hot water boilers are the technological foundation of heating systems, which remain key to ensuring the comfort and safety of residential and industrial buildings. Improvements to their design are primarily aimed at increasing energy efficiency: reducing heat loss and optimizing fuel consumption. One of the most effective measures, proven in practice, is the inclusion of a thermal insulation layer in the boiler door.

A hot water heating boiler is known, comprising a chamber furnace with a grate, a vertical afterburning chamber consisting of two coaxial shells with a built-in tube convection bundle, a system for cooling the furnace and heating the coolant in it and a front loading door, characterized in that the cooling system of the furnace is made in the form of a single- or multi-pass tube grid suspended by means of a branch pipe to the afterburning chamber, while the boiler is additionally equipped with a rear loading device, a flue gas recirculation system with a slot ejector selection, a fuel supply system for low-grade organic fuels and a backup electric heating of the coolant (see patent RU 2186302 C2, published 27.07.2002).

A heating boiler is known, made in the form of a cylindrical body equipped with insulation, with a chimney for removing combustion products, a gasification chamber door on the end part and a base, containing a heat exchanger located along the perimeter of the cylindrical wall of the body, an air duct with a jet system for feeding an oxidizer into the gasification chamber, located in the central part of the body, under which a cooling plate is located, having at least one through hole, and in the lower part of the body - a combustion chamber located with the formation of a tangential discharge of combustion products from the combustion chamber, in the wall of which a jet ejector with horizontal holes is mounted, wherein the heat exchanger is made in the form of a heat exchange chamber of the coolant and a system of non-flowing elements, and the gasification chamber is connected through at least one hole to the heat exchange chamber of the heat exchanger by flowing jet lines, and then to a pipeline that removes the coolant; characterized by the implementation of a combustion chamber with a refractory layer along the perimeter of the surface; characterized by the implementation of a combustion chamber with an explosion-proof valve; characterized by the presence of a pump installed at the inlet of the coolant into the boiler (see patent RU 97487 U1, published 10.09.2010).

A door is known, primarily for heating furnaces, comprising a door mounted with the possibility of rotation in a frame mounted on the furnace body, a viewing glass, a viewing glass seal installed between the door and the glass, a glass frame limiting the movement of the glass in the door, a lock with a locking and stop elements, a handle, a door seal located in its peripheral part and interacting with the elements of the body, characterized in that the locking element of the lock is made in the form of a profiled spring, connected by a central part to a handle mounted with the possibility of rotation on the door, one end of the locking element engages with the stop element, and the other rests against the surface of the door, the glass frame is made with the possibility of axial movement in the door frame, wherein its peripheral part interacts through the door seal with the elements of the furnace body, and the central part - with the viewing glass (see patent RU 2413135 C1, published. (27.02.2011).

A furnace is known that contains at least two furnace muffles that are located one above the other and each loading opening of which is closed or is closed by a door, wherein each door forms an internal space with at least one inlet and at least one outlet, wherein at least one inlet of the upper door is located in the upper part, and at least one outlet is located in the lower part of this door, wherein there is at least one blowing or transport device for sucking air from outside the furnace and supplying at least a portion of the sucked air at least into the internal space of the upper door through at least one inlet of the door in order to ensure the flow of air, substantially downwards through the internal space of the door and the air outlet through the outlet, characterized in that the inlet of the lower door is located in the lower end part of this door, and the outlet is located in the upper end part of this door in order to ensure the flow of air entering the internal space of the lower The door is substantially upward through the interior space of the door and the air exiting from the interior spaces of the upper door and the lower door is discharged to the outside. The interior spaces of the two doors have associated exhaust openings for discharging air exiting from the interior spaces toward the front of the oven. The exhaust openings associated with the upper oven door and the lower oven door are arranged adjacent to each other to ensure that cooling air is drawn into the interior space of the lower door and passes through the interior space solely by the Venturi effect acting on the air discharged from the interior space of the upper door. The cover of the lower door is designed as a curved guide element for directing air exiting from the interior space of the upper door and/or air exiting from the interior space of the lower door toward the exhaust openings. The doors have an outer surface facing outward and an inner surface facing the furnace muffle in the closed position of the door, wherein the space bounded by the outer surface and the inner surface, and/or the space bounded by the inner surface or the outer surface on one side and the intermediate surface of the door located between the outer surface and the inner surface on the other side, and/or the space bounded between two intermediate surfaces located between the inner surface and the outer surface, is formed as the inner space of the door. The furnace doors have an outer surface facing outward and an inner surface facing the furnace muffle in the closed position of the door, wherein the space bounded by the outer surface and the inner surface, and/or the space bounded by the inner surface or the outer surface on one side and the intermediate surface of the door located between the outer surface and the inner surface on the other side, and/or the space bounded between two intermediate surfaces located between the inner surface and the outer surface, is formed as the inner space of the door (see patent RU 2546183 C2, published 10.04.2015).

Currently, the market offers a wide variety of hot water boiler designs equipped with a removable door to allow access to the boiler's interior for maintenance. A burner is attached through this door, which heats the door components. The following models of hot water boilers belong to such designs: Teplo (see https://zzbo.ru/product/dizelnyj-kotyol-vodogrejnyj-kva-2-0/, accessed on 07.08.2025), Vecoster 300 (see https://kzko-gaz.ru/catalog/dvukhkhodovoy-vodogreynyy-kotel-vecoster-wd-3007965.html, accessed on 07.08.2025), Temron WL 3000 (see https://temron.ru/catalog/temron-wl/vodogreynye-kotly-nizkogo-davleniya-temron-wl-3000/, accessed on 07.08.2025), STM-ENERGY (see https://kotelnie.com/products/kotlyi/vodogreynyie-kotlyi/vodogreynyiy-kotel-stm-energy-175-kva-0-175-g-lzh.html#?utm_source=go ogle&utm_medium=org, accessed 07.08.2025), Ellprex 1850 (see https://rosprommash.com/products/vodogreynyy-kotel-unical-ellprex-1850, accessed 07.08.2025), Unical Modal (see https://www.store.tgv.ru/upload/iblock/b28/b28cfa56b66232dd1c213f721af6243e.pdf, accessed 07.08.2025).

The PREMIUM C-2000 hot water boiler is known, containing a front door with hinges, consisting of a container filled with heat-insulating basalt fiber, the central part of which is penetrated by a steel pipe with a flange along its outer edge, above which an inspection tube with a protective glass is located (see https://kotelpremium.ru/katalog/vodogrejnye-kotly/premium-c/c-2000, accessed 07.08.2025).

The disadvantage of the described designs is the lack of technical ability to eliminate the loss of thermal energy through heating of the door during boiler operation.

A well-known analogue with the closest set of essential features and singled out by the authors as a prototype is a door of a hot water boiler, consisting of a cavity with hinges, formed by a shell, front and rear partitions, the central part of which is pierced by a steel pipe with a flange along its outer edge, above which an inspection tube with a protective glass is placed, characterized in that the cavity is made hermetically sealed and in its shell, from above and diametrically from below, the upper and, respectively, lower branches with flanges come out, while inside the cavity between the front and rear partitions, spacers made of a steel strip are located perpendicular to the longitudinal projection (see patent RU 235891 U1, published 17.07.2025).

During the operation of the described prototype, the authors came to the conclusion that the surfaces of the structural parts receive additional thermal energy, due to which the door heats up to temperatures dangerous for service personnel.

Disclosure of the essence of the utility model

The technical problem with existing similar devices is the formation of localized areas of the door surface with unacceptably high temperatures, which creates additional heat loss and increases the risk of injuries among boiler room maintenance personnel.

The technical result achieved by the claimed utility model consists in reducing the heating temperature of the surface of the door of the hot water boiler.

The technical result is achieved by means of a hot water boiler door with a heat-protective module, consisting of a sealed cavity with hinges, formed by front and rear partitions with a shell, from which the upper and, respectively, lower bends with flanges emerge from the top and diametrically from the bottom, the central part of the cavity is pierced by a steel pipe with a flange along its outer edge, above which an inspection tube with a protective glass is located, while inside the cavity between the front and rear partitions, perpendicular to the longitudinal projection, spacers are located from a steel strip, characterized in that the front part of the cavity is closed with a decorative sheet, on the reverse side of which a heat-insulating layer is fixed over the entire surface area; the heat-insulating layer is made of mineral wool; the inspection tube with a protective glass is provided with a nipple; a sleeve emerges from the lower part of the front part of the cavity.

The use of the declared boiler door minimizes radiative and convective losses through the front part of the housing, stabilizes the temperature regime of the combustion chamber, increases the boiler efficiency and reduces the heating of external surfaces, which further improves operational safety and reduces fuel costs throughout the entire life cycle of the equipment.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 shows the front view of the claimed hot water boiler door with a heat-protective module.

Fig. 2 shows a rear view of the decorative sheet of the claimed hot water boiler door with a heat-protective module.

Fig. 3 shows a profile view of the claimed hot water boiler door with a heat-protective module.

Fig. 4 illustrates a longitudinal section of the claimed hot water boiler door with a heat-protective module.

Fig. 5 shows the rear view of the claimed hot water boiler door with a heat-protective module.

Fig. 6 illustrates a local view of the inspection tube of the claimed hot water boiler door with a heat-protective module.

The following details are indicated on the figures:

1 - anterior partition;

2 - rear partition;

3 - shell;

4 - cavity;

5 - decorative sheet;

6 - heat-insulating layer;

7 - spacer;

8 - burner pipe;

9 - pipe flange;

10 - viewing tube;

11 - protective glass;

12 - nipple;

13 - upper outlet of the cavity;

14 - lower outlet of the cavity;

15 - branch flange;

16 - coupling;

17 - loop.

Implementation of a utility model

An example of the implementation of the claimed technical solution is a door of a hot water boiler with a heat-protective module, which consists of three steel sheet elements: front 1, rear 2 partitions and a shell 3, welded together in such a way that they form a hermetically sealed cavity 4 of a round shape. The front part of the cavity 4 is closed with a decorative sheet 5 (see Fig. 1). The decorative sheet 5 is covered on the reverse side with a heat-insulating layer 6 (see Figs. 2 and 3), formed from a sheet material with a low thermal conductivity coefficient. Inside the cavity 4, between the front 1 and rear 2 partitions, perpendicular to the longitudinal projection, there are spacers 7 (see Fig. 4), cut from a steel strip. The central part of the cavity 4 is pierced without breaking the hermetic seal by a steel pipe 8 (see Fig. 5) with a flange 9 along its outer edge for connection to the boiler burner (not shown in the Fig.). Above the pipe 8, there is an inspection tube 10 with a protective glass 11 and a nozzle 12 (see Fig. 6). The inspection tube 10 allows visual monitoring of the fuel combustion process in the combustion chamber (not shown in the Fig.), and the nozzle 12 is necessary for maintenance of the combustion chamber. From the top and diametrically below, an upper 13 and, respectively, a lower 14 branch with flanges 15 for connection to the boiler water circuit (not shown in the Fig.) extend from the shell 3. From the bottom of the front part of the cavity 4, a nipple 16 for draining water in the boiler water circuit extends.

The door of the hot water boiler with a heat-protective module is made in the form of a separate unit, all parts of which are connected and assembled using standard technological or assembly operations, and is equipped with hinges 17 for fastening to the body of the hot water boiler (not shown in the figure).

The above-described boiler door is used as follows. During installation of the boiler or after cleaning and maintenance, the door is mounted using hinges 17 on the boiler body, which is primarily a fire-tube boiler with a hot water coolant. Flanges 15 connect the upper 13 and lower 14 outlets of cavity 4 to the boiler's water circuit, supplying it with water. The front of cavity 4 is then covered with a decorative sheet 5, the interior of which is pre-lined with a heat-insulating layer 6. The burner is mounted to flange 9 of pipe 8. Next, burner ignition and automatic fuel combustion are maintained in the boiler using standard methods. The combustion process is monitored through inspection tube 10 with protective glass 11. As the water heats up, it begins to circulate through the boiler's water circuit due to natural convection. Due to its decreased density, hotter water rises through upper outlet 13 of cavity 4 into the boiler's water circuit. The displaced volume is occupied by cooler water, which enters through lower outlet 14 and fills the interior of cavity 4. The water, located within the interior of cavity 4, contacts steel spacers 7 between the front 1 and rear 2 partitions of cavity 4. These spacers accumulate the thermal energy generated during boiler operation from fuel combustion and heat transfer from the metal door components. Water contact with heated spacers 7 increases its temperature, causing it to be displaced into the boiler's water circuit. This intensifies the physical process of heat transfer of excess thermal energy into the boiler's water circuit. To prevent localized heating of the outer surfaces of the door components to critical values, a heat-insulating layer 6 is attached to the reverse side of decorative sheet 5.

Nipple 12 allows for routine boiler maintenance. If repairs are necessary, nipple 16 is used. Opening it allows for a low vacuum to be created in the boiler, allowing for urgent repairs without lengthy boiler outages, such as during the winter.

The essence of the claimed utility model as a technical solution related to a device is expressed in the combination of the following essential features, sufficient to obtain the claimed technical result:

the front part of the cavity is covered with a decorative sheet of the part with which the service personnel directly interacts,

a heat-insulating layer is attached to the reverse side of the decorative sheet;

The heat-insulating material has a sheet configuration and is fixed over the entire area of the reverse side of the protected surface of the decorative sheet to eliminate local heating.

The use of the declared boiler door with a heat-protective module minimizes radiative and convective losses through the front part of the housing, stabilizes the temperature regime of the combustion chamber, increases the boiler efficiency and reduces the heating of external surfaces, which further improves operational safety and reduces fuel costs throughout the entire life cycle of the equipment.

Claims (4)

1. A door for a hot water boiler with a heat-protective module, consisting of a sealed cavity with hinges, formed by front and rear partitions with a shell, from which upper and, respectively, lower bends with flanges emerge from the top and diametrically from the bottom, the central part of the cavity is pierced by a steel pipe with a flange along its outer edge, above which an inspection tube with a protective glass is located, while inside the cavity between the front and rear partitions, perpendicular to the longitudinal projection, spacers made of a steel strip are located, characterized in that the front part of the cavity is closed by a decorative sheet, on the reverse side of which a heat-insulating layer is fixed over the entire surface area. 2. A door according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the heat-insulating layer is made of mineral wool. 3. The door according to item 1, characterized in that the viewing tube with protective glass is equipped with a fitting. 4. A door according to item 1, characterized in that a coupling comes out of the lower part of the front part of the cavity.