RU2369092C1 - Chicken keeping method and unit for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method implies protection of chickens against contrary climatic conditions, frost, heat, wind and atmosphere precipitations in the poultry house, airing in the hen yard, feeding, watering, droppings removal, removal of the mature fly larva from the processed dung through the openings in the mesh covers of the subfloor channels placed at the hen yard. Chickens are held in the room where the pig house and the poultry house are combined and made as a square, rectangle, polygon, rhombus, circle or oval. The poultry house is arranged above the pig house; a longitudinal slot is made under the roosts and above the pig feeders for the direct transfer of the chicken droppings to the pig feeders. The subfloor channels of the hen yards are equipped by a gravity dung removal system. The rooms are fitted with double window sashes with the hollows in-between which are equipped by pneumatic loading and unloading devices for loose materials for the purpose of heat insulation of the rooms in winter, in the nighttime, in the daytime in summer. The sash hollows are filled by loose material with the help of a pneumatic loading device. In case of warm sunny weather in winter or day temperature decrease in summer the loose heat insulating material is removed by the pneumatic unloading device and natural lighting is provided. The unit comprises a poultry house and a pig house, a loafing yard, feeders, automatic drinking bowls, ash and sand baths, hen yards with subfloor channels with mesh and bridge covers providing for the possibility for the chickens to remove the mature fly larva from their habitat. The poultry house and the pig house are combined, a longitudinal slot is made in the ceiling between the first and second floors under the roosts and above the pig feeders. Inclined guides allow for the direct transfer of the chicken droppings from the poultry house to the pig feeders. The rooms can be above-the ground, underground or half-underground in the form of a square, rectangle, polygon, rhombus, circle, oval. A gangway to the hen yard from the holes is made as sloped ladder steps for the chicken ups and downs. The subfloor channels of the hen yard are equipped by a gravity pig manure removal system with gates and a quarantine zone. The room is fitted with double window sashes with the hollows in-between. The unit is equipped by pneumatic loading and unloading devices for the light loose material for the purpose of heat insulation in the nighttime, in winter, in the daytime in summer, in case of warm sunny weather in winter or day temperature decrease in summer - for the purpose of removing the light loose material and natural lighting. The loading device comprises a hopper, a feeding screw with a drive. The feeding fan is connected to a cyclone by a pipeline with elongated slots in the lower pipeline base. The cyclone bottom is connected to the counterbalance, is rotatable around its axis and fitted by a microswitch. The unloading device is equipped by a fan, chutes in the sash hollows, pipelines connected with a hopper and branches set at an acute angle to the horizontal chute surface.

EFFECT: design is simplified, functionality is expanded.

2 cl, 16 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the agricultural industry, in particular to poultry farming.

Known methods for keeping chickens, including floor keeping poultry in large-sized houses with controlled microclimate and mechanized and automated processes - distribution of feed, watering, cleaning the premises, collecting, cleaning and sorting eggs. The feed mainly uses dry feed grain, meal, dry animal feed, vitamins, preparations, biologically active substances, feed, nutritionally balanced with the expectation of obtaining high productivity (Big Soviet encyclopedia SD-ROM on three computer disks. Poultry farming).

The patent “Method for processing manure with larvae of synanthropic flies and a device for its implementation” is known, which includes the colonization of manure with synanthropic flies and providing conditions for laying eggs and the full development of larvae with their subsequent removal from the processed manure. Manure processing is carried out in a complex containing pigsties and chicken coops. Using a chain-scraper conveyor, delivery and distribution of chicken droppings for feed to pigs is carried out, manure from pigsties is moved through walking yards and the quarantine zone through underground channels with trellised and bridge floors, under bridge floors they provide conditions for laying and a full cycle of development of eggs of synanthropic flies on surface of the alloyed manure, and the extraction of mature larvae of flies from the processed manure is carried out using chickens through the openings of trellised floors (SU 2262826, Cl A01C 3/00, 10.27.2005).

The disadvantage of this method of growing poultry is the high cost of money for the purchase of expensive animal feed.

Poultry productivity is adversely affected by high and low temperature, wind.

The technical result of the invention is to reduce money for the purchase of feed, simplify the design, remove the larvae of flies from the processed manure with the help of chickens, and move the chicken litter to pigs, protect the bird from sudden changes in temperature and wind, expand technological capabilities.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the method of keeping chickens and pigs includes protecting chickens from adverse climatic conditions; cold, heat, wind, atmospheric precipitation in the house, walking in a walking yard, feeding, drinking, cleaning litter, removing mature larvae of flies from processed manure through openings in the trellised floors of underground channels located on the walking yard for chickens, and the chickens are kept indoors where the pigsty and the house are combined and made in the form of a square, rectangle, polygon, rhombus, circle, oval, a chicken coop is placed above the pigsty, under roosts of hens and above feeders for pigs, there is a slit for direct movement of chicken droppings to pig feeders, clandestine channels of walking yards for chickens have a gravity manure removal system, rooms have double glazed frames, between them there are cavities equipped with pneumatic loading and unloading devices for bulk material to heat the premises in winter, in the dark time of day, in the summer, the cavities of the window openings are filled with bulk material using a pneumatic loading device, and when warm sunny weather is set, washing or lowering the temperature in the afternoon, in the summer - they remove the bulk insulation material using a pneumatic unloading device and create natural lighting.

The device comprises a poultry house and a pigsty, a walking yard, feeders, car drinking bowls, ash and sand baths, walking yards for chickens having underground channels with trellised and bridge floors, made with the possibility of extracting mature cures by hens from the habitat, and the chicken coop and pigsty are combined above there is a longitudinal slot in the overlays of chickens and above pig feeders in the overlap between the first and second floor, and the inclined guides are made with the possibility of direct movement of chicken droppings from the house to the feeder pigs, the premises are performed in a ground or underground or semi-underground design in the form of a rectangle, square, rhombus, polygon, circle, oval, the ladder to the walking yard made of manholes is made in the form of inclined stair steps for raising and lowering chickens, the underground channels of the walking yard for chickens have a gravity-fed pig manure removal system with locks with a quarantine zone, the room has double glazed frames, there are cavities between them, the device is equipped with pneumatic loading and unloading devices for the lung bulk material for thermal insulation of rooms at night, in winter, during the summer, and when sunny, warm weather during the day, in winter or when the temperature drops during the day, in summer - to remove bulk material and create natural light, the loading device contains a hopper, a feeding screw, with a drive , the loading fan is connected to the cyclone by means of a pipeline containing longitudinal holes in the lower base of the pipe, the bottom of the cyclone is connected to a counterweight, made rotatable around its axis and provided with a micropere with a switch, the unloading device is equipped with a fan, gutters in the openings of the window cavities, pipes connected to the hopper and nozzles installed at an acute angle to the horizontal surface of the gutter.

The novelty of the claimed technical solution in comparison with the known one is due to the fact that, due to the processing of pig manure by synanthropic flies, we obtain valuable fertilizer and biomass that is used to feed poultry.

Due to the location of the house above the pigsty, where under the perches of the house and above the pigsty feeders there is a longitudinal slit in the shape of a cone, and after each bowel movement, the chicken droppings move directly to the pig feeder without the use of mechanization.

By extracting mature larvae of flies from processed manure and pigs eating fresh chicken droppings, symbiosis, cohabitation of pigs and poultry are mutually beneficial.

By eating chicken droppings by pigs, concentrated feed is saved.

By eating the larvae of synanthropic flies, concentrated feeds and animal feeds are saved, which increases the productivity of chickens.

Through the use of different options for buildings, the expansion of technological capabilities is provided.

Through the use of an annular arrangement of the buildings' enclosures, the premises of pigs and poultry are protected from wind and cold weather in winter or from hot weather in summer.

Due to the pneumatic loading and unloading devices and fillers - foam balls, it is possible to improve the protection of chickens from severe frosts in the dark and in severe frosts by improving thermal insulation and improving natural lighting in the daytime.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows a plan of the location of the equipment in a pigsty of rectangular shape;

Figure 2 shows the layout of the equipment in the house;

Figure 3 shows the device channel equipment gravity drainage system;

Figure 4 shows the location of the premises in a square shape;

Figure 5 is the same, rectangular shape;

Figure 6 is the same in the form of a circle;

7 is the same, in the form of a rhombus;

On Fig - the same, in the form of a hexagon;

Figure 9 is the same, in the form of an oval;

Figure 10 shows the device equipment of a large-sized room, a cross section;

Figure 11 shows a device for the separation of manure effluent into fractions;

On Fig shows a cross section of a square-shaped room in an underground design;

On Fig - the same, made in the form of a circle in a semi-underground design.

On Fig - the same, in a ground version;

On Fig shows a diagram of the loading and unloading devices of bulk material in the cavity of the window openings;

On Fig shows a cross section of a narrow-sized premises in underground design

The two-story building in cross section is made in the form of a rectangular ring, consists of a pigsty 1, located on the first floor, and a house 2, located on the second floor. Under the perches of 3 poultry houses and above the feeding troughs of 4 pigsties 1, there is a longitudinal slit 5 made with the possibility, after stooling of birds, of moving the chicken litter from the house 2 along an inclined plane directly to the feeding trough 4 of the pigsty 1 to feed pigs. The buildings of the premises can be made in the ground version in the form of a rectangle 6 or in the form of a square 7, a rhombus 8, a circle 9 of an oval 10. A walking yard 11 for hens can be located between the walls of the buildings, or outside it. The ladder 12 from the house 2 to the walking yard 11 is made in the form of inclined steps of a ladder for lowering and raising chickens and moving them. In the walking yard 11 there are underground channels 13 with a gravity-fed manure removal system with lock compartments 14 and with a quarantine zone 15 with trellised 16 and bridge 17 floors, made with the possibility of extracting mature larvae of synanthropic flies from processed manure using laying hens. There is a water supply pipe 18 and a flexible hose 19 with the possibility of hydraulic flushing of manure and bedding from the hard surface of the walking yard 11 and the pigsty 1. The pigsty 1 contains sections 20 (machines), walkways 21, feeders 4, drinkers 22, and a system of underground channels 13 equipped with slotted floors 23 to remove manure from the pigsties 1 by hydraulic flushing, with a water jet using a flexible rubber hose 19 connected to a water supply system equipped with taps 24. Lattice floors 16 create safety for chickens. Bridge overlaps 17 create an incubator zone and the most favorable conditions for egg laying by synanthropic flies, growth and development of larvae of flies. Bridge slabs 17 have an appropriate length. The quarantine zone 15 of the underground channels 13 is located near the pigsty, is formed by the lock compartments 14. The grating 16 is made of steel wire of the proper diameter. The width of the holes should be greater than the head of the hens. The distance between the trellised floors 16 and the surface of the alloyed manure should be 3-5 cm. The bridge floors 17 are made with the possibility of extracting larvae of flies from the habitat using chickens. Poultry house 2 is equipped with feeders 25, drinkers 26, perches 3 and nests 27. In the walking yard there are feeders 25 and drinkers 26, ash 28 and sand 29 baths. Distribution of feed in poultry house 2 is carried out from trolleys 30 on a single rail 31. Fodder is handed out to pigs by a mobile dispenser 32 through feeders 4. Pigs are watered using automatic drinkers 22. Liquid manure processed by flies of flies from underground channels 13 is removed using fecal pumps 33 in the workshop for separating manure effluent into liquid and thick fractions using a device 34 for separating manure effluent into fractions, it consists of a grid 35, a screw 36 and a housing 37. The liquid fraction is removed to the irrigation fields. The screw 36 is equipped with an electric motor 38. The level of manure in underground channels 13 is different, in the pigsty 1 the level of manure is higher than in quarantine zone 15, and in the walking yard 11 it is lower than in quarantine zone 15. Manure is fused from the upper level - into the walking yard 11, and from it it is removed for processing with the help of a fecal pump 33. Glazed double frames 39 are located along the inner and outer perimeter of the room. Between the glazed frames 39 there are cavities equipped with loading 40 and unloading 41 devices and a filler - foam balls 42. The unloading device is equipped with a hopper 43 containing a feeding screw 44 equipped with an electric motor, the hopper 43 is connected to the groove 45 which is connected to the fan 46 using nozzles 47 mounted at an acute angle to the horizontal surface of the groove 45, and the loading device 41 is equipped with a fan 48, connected to the cyclone 49 by means of a pneumatic discharge pipe 50 and a pipe 51 containing longitudinal holes 52 in the lower base, with the possibility of a dark day k and in extreme cold filling cavities 40 foam balls 42 and removing them when establishing sunny weather. The bottom 53 of the cyclone 49, made rotatable around its axis and equipped with a counterweight 54 and a microswitch 55, with the ability to automatically turn off the fan 48 after filling all the cavities with foam balls 42. The first option is provided for the construction of premises in a warm temperate climate.

A device for keeping birds can be performed in the second embodiment. The second option, the same as the first option, but differs from it in that the room for keeping chickens and pigs is made for the continental climate in the underground floor, where the pigsty is located below ground level, and the house at the level of the earth’s floor, is a walking yard for birds located outside the ring room. The construction of narrow-sized or large-sized premises is provided for in a zone with a continental climate bordering the desert zone, since summers are hot there, nights are cold and winters are frosty, strong trade winds blow, or with a climate bordering the tundra zone, cold polar winds blow there. To protect poultry and pigs from adverse climatic conditions (cold, heat of precipitation, a large role is given to creating a microclimate and maintaining air temperature and natural and artificial lighting. An annular arrangement of rooms with pneumatic loading 40 and unloading devices 41 using foam balls 42 helps protect the bird and pigs from extreme heat, hot winds in summer or cold weather and frosty winds in winter. solid elements mounted in reinforced concrete floors.

A device for keeping birds can be performed in the third embodiment. The third option is the same as the first and second options, and differs from them in that the walking yard is located in the ring of rooms. All rooms are located below ground level, and the walking yard is covered with a wire mesh 56 and a polymer film 57.

The device operates as follows. The room for pigs and birds is disinfected, colonized with a healthy livestock from farms that are safe for infectious and invasive diseases, confirmed by veterinary certificates, certificates. Selectively examine pigs and poultry for the presence of helminths. They carry out preventive vaccinations and treatment against helminths. Timely cleaning and disposal of corpses and the fight against rodents and parasites.

The optimum room temperature is maintained automatically in the pigsty 1 and the house 2 with the help of electric heating elements 58 and with the help of thermostat 59. Pigs and poultry are watered automatically with the help of automatic drinkers 22 for pigs, and chickens with the help of automatic drinkers 26. Feeding the birds is carried out with balanced dry granulated feeds for nutrition by means of a single-rail rail 31 and distribution to feeders 25. Feeding of pigs is carried out with dry feeds balanced in nutrition by omoschi mobile distributor 32 into the trough 4. After the quarantine open longitudinal slot 5, and after each excrement of birds and their droppings falling on the inclined plane of the guide is moved directly into the trough 4 pigs, where it is eaten by the pigs. The same feeders 4 can be used for dry powdered or granular concentrated feed containing grain, meal, dry pulp, dry animal feed, other feed and vitamins. The feed is nutritionally balanced with the expectation of high productivity. The feed is distributed using a mobile dispenser 32. Pigs are watered using automatic drinkers 22. Pig manure and bedding from machines 20 are removed using AGS-F 24 using a flexible hose 19. Water with manure flows through slit floor 23 into the system of longitudinal underground channels 13. According to the system of underground channels 13, liquid manure is removed by gravity (alloy) through quarantine zone 15 to walking yards 11, where lock compartments 14 are located. In quarantine zone 15, lock compartments 14 allow accumulating liquid manure and take samples for analysis for infection. If there is no infection, open the lock compartment 14, located on the border with the walking yard 11. Next, all processes are repeated. Similarly, they carry out cleaning along another underground channel. The level of fused manure in the walking yard should be 3-5 cm below the surface level of the trellised floor. Under all bridge floors 17, synanthropic flies or Martian flies in an appropriate amount are launched. Flies under the bridge 17 feed on nutrients, decaying manure, grow, develop and multiply, lay their eggs on the wet surface of the manure. Flies and their larvae feed on dung substances. The main phase of the development of flies is the egg, the larvae (phase of nutrition, growth), nymph (phase of transformation), imango (adult phase).

Larvae of flies are deprived of legs and a head capsule; during the puppet phase, they undergo a complete reorganization in accordance with the new functions of the adult phase. The larvae of flies have a volume and live weight greater than adult flies. Larvae of flies are a tasty, tasty dish and good protein food for chickens. The manure is removed from the premises of the pigsty 1 cyclically, after accumulating it in the manure channel 13 in the proper amount, while the lock compartments 14 are opened. The liquid manure from the premises is moved by gravity to the quarantine zone 15, then along the longitudinal line of the channel 13 in the walking yard 11 and fills him. The larvae of synanthropic flies move due to the bridge overlap and become accessible for pecking by chickens through the openings of the trellis overlap. Throughout the daylight hours, hens are kept in the walking yard 11. Under the bridge 17 a fresh batch of manure is periodically moved. Flies sit on fresh wet manure and lay their eggs. Under favorable conditions, about 6 trillion offspring can be obtained from one fly during the summer.

Further, all operations are repeated. After processing the manure with larvae of flies, manure becomes an odorless valuable organic fertilizer. The biomass of fly larvae becomes a valuable nutritious protein feed, which helps to increase productivity, growth and development of egg laying of chickens and save concentrated feed. In case of infection of manure with helminths (located in manure), general deworming of pigs and poultry is carried out by UV delminitizer. In the case of the detection of infectious diseases, the feeding of litter to the feeds of 4 pigs is stopped. Tightly close the longitudinal slots 5. Epidemic measures are being carried out. The manure is removed and disinfected from canals 13 and walking yards 11, and sewage is disinfected using a mobile unit. Preventive vaccinations of animals and poultry and a medical examination of the entire livestock of animals and poultry, isolation of patients and suspects are carried out, sanitary hygienic requirements in everyday life and at work are carried out. After processing the manure with larvae of flies, the liquid manure from the underground channels 13 is moved by a fecal pump 33 to the workshop to the device 34 for separating the manure into a liquid and thick fraction and draining them through pipes. The thick fraction is transported through the pipe to the vehicle and transported to the fields as a valuable organic fertilizer, the liquid fraction is taken through pipes to the irrigation fields.

At night, at a low temperature in frost or in hot summer, we close the electric circuit supplying the electric motor of the feed screw 44 and the electric fan 48. In this case, the electric motor rotates the feed screw 44, it feeds a portion of foam balls 42 to the receiving chamber. An electric fan 48 compresses the lightweight foam balls 42 into a conduit 50 and 51 with a compressed air stream. The conduit 51 contains longitudinal openings. Loose foam balls 42 under the influence of their own weight wake up through the longitudinal holes 52 and fall into the cavity between the windows of the frames 39, fill the entire cavity between the windows 39 and create good thermal insulation. As the foam balls 42 move to the uppermost base, the foam balls 42 gradually overlap the longitudinal slit hole 52, a bottom is formed along which the foam balls 42 move along the pipeline into cyclone 49. As soon as the foam balls 42 fill cyclone 49 to the proper level, the weight of the balls 42, the counterweight 54 moves toward the cyclone 49, the bottom rotates on its axis and opens the hole of the cyclone 49. Foam balls 42 fall out, and the counterweight 54, turning on its axis, activates with a microswitch 55, which opens the electric circuit supplying the electric fan 48. The flow of bulk material is stopped. Foam balls have low thermal conductivity, create reliable thermal insulation, protect birds and pigs well from high or low temperatures and maintain an artificial microclimate in the room. In sunny weather, when the air temperature is 1-3 degrees below zero, we close the electric circuit supplying the electric motor of the fan 46. The fan 46 creates a large air flow directed at an acute angle in the groove 45. The air flow moves the lightweight foam balls 42 from the windows to the hopper 43. After unloading the foam balls 42, the transparent windows create good natural lighting for the rooms, and adjust the intensity and duration of the lighting in the room. For this, in addition to natural light, artificial light is also produced.

Claims (2)

1. The method of keeping chickens and pigs, including protecting chickens from adverse climatic conditions; cold, heat, wind, atmospheric precipitation in the house, a walk in the walking yard, feeding, watering, cleaning the litter, removing mature larvae of flies from processed manure through openings in the trellised floors of underground channels located on the walking yard for chickens, characterized in that contain in the room where the pigsty and the house are combined and made in the form of a square, rectangle, polygon, rhombus, circle, oval, the house is placed above the pigsty, under the roosts of hens and above the feeders for pigs in the ceiling you they fill the longitudinal slot for the direct movement of chicken droppings into pig feeders, the underground channels of the walking yards for chickens have a gravity manure removal system, the rooms have double glazed frames, between them there are cavities equipped with pneumatic loading and unloading devices for bulk material to heat the premises in winter in the dark time of day, during the summer, the cavities of the window openings are filled with bulk material using a pneumatic loading device, and when warm sun is established oh weather in the winter or summer daytime temperature is lowered - the bulk insulating material is removed by means of a pneumatic discharge device and provide natural lighting. 2. A device containing a poultry house and a pigsty, a walking yard, feeders, car drinking bowls, ash and sand baths, walking yards for chickens having underground channels with trellised and bridge floors, made with the possibility of extracting mature heals from chickens from the habitat, characterized in that the poultry house and pigsty are combined, a longitudinal slit is located over the roosts of chickens and over the feeders of pigs in the overlap between the first and second floors, and the inclined guides are made with the possibility of direct movement of the chicken manure from As in a pig feeder, the premises are ground or underground or semi-underground in the form of a rectangle, square, rhombus, polygon, circle, oval, the ladder to the walking yard made of manholes is made in the form of inclined stair steps for raising and lowering chickens, underground channels the walking yard for chickens has a gravity-fed pig manure removal system with locks with a quarantine zone, the room has double glazed frames, there are cavities between them, the device is equipped with a pneumatic loading and unloading device With the use of light bulk material for thermal insulation of rooms at night in winter, during the summer, and when sunny, warm weather during the winter or when the temperature drops during the summer, removing bulk material and creating natural lighting, the loading device contains a hopper, a feeding screw with a drive, and a loading the fan is connected to the cyclone by means of a pipeline containing longitudinal holes in the lower base of the pipe, the bottom of the cyclone is connected to a counterweight, rotated around its axis and bzheno microswitch, a discharge device is provided with a fan, the troughs in the openings of window cavities, pipes connected to the hopper and nozzles mounted at an acute angle to the horizontal surface of the trough.

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