RU2106081C1 - Livestock farm with premises of round configuration and method of cattle-breeding in it - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agricultural technology. SUBSTANCE: livestock farm has all structural particularities which are characteristic for premises of round configuration. Reproduction of cattle and removal of its products is carried out in closed cycles. Breeding of animals is executed with application of regularly changed litter. Power-driven mechanisms used in taking care of animals are moved around circle and possess all design features necessary for specific care and breeding procedures. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 7 cl, 37 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to agricultural production, mainly to the livestock industry in large-scale production of livestock products.

 In the livestock industry, two types of production continue to persist: small-scale production based on manual labor and large-scale production, which is based on complex mechanization, but so far not all operations for caring for animals and eating livestock products.

 In large-scale production in the conditions of the agricultural background of Russia, when 100 or more, for example, cattle or more than 1000 heads of small animals, are gathered under one roof or in one livestock building, rectangular closed livestock buildings cover an area of several tens of thousands square meters, and the length various communications is several hundred meters.

 So the water supply network reaches 300 - 400 and more meters, the length of the dung conveyors, such as rod conveyors, in the barn for 100 animals is 180 meters.

 Fodder passages for distributing feed using mobile feed distributors occupy 1/3 of the floor surface, and therefore this floor surface is not used by animals, which significantly increases the material consumption of livestock buildings and the costs of their operation, and this ultimately significantly affects the cost of livestock products.

 But the greatest negative value in the concentration of animals in a rectangular livestock building is manifested in the fact that it made it impossible to keep animals on a warm and soft, dry floor with the use of bedding, which was and is in small-scale production.

 The absence of litter laying operations on the surface of the floor when caring for animals and the timely collection and removal of litter manure significantly worsened the conditions for keeping animals in the autumn-winter period, which lasts 7-8 months in most regions of Russia. The deterioration of livestock conditions without the use of bedding, large animals should be kept in bed for more than 13 hours when they chew the food most productively, significantly reducing the productivity of animals both by milking and daily gain. In winter conditions, animals spend more than 2 thousand calories on their heating energy feed. Moreover, the absence of the operation of laying out and updating the litter or its poor performance is one of the main reasons for the death of cattle in the winter, especially at the age of 12 months, which is not the case with small-scale production, in the so-called farmsteads.

 The lack of operations for laying out and replacing the litter during the livestock production of livestock products was the reason for the appearance of the so-called litterless manure. This manure, without such organic matter as straw, required various multi-machine technologies for its processing into organic fertilizers using power plants up to 400 kW. (see V.P. Kovalenko Mechanization of processing bedless manure, M., Kolos 1984). This makes Russian livestock farming in a market economy uncompetitive.

 The overgrown communications during the complex mechanization of operations for caring for animals more and more urgently set the task of finding such a construction of a livestock building that would reduce the length of these communications by tens of times and allow animals to use the entire floor surface.

 In the late 60s and early 70s, inventive thought persistently sought a technical solution to significantly reduce the length of communications through the use of livestock buildings of a round shape.

 A device for keeping animals is known. from. N 628853, which includes a circular room, inside of which ring feeders are rotatably mounted through the drive by means of a drive. Scrapers are attached to the bottom of the feeders to remove manure into the manure channel, radially placed in the floor of the room. This device solves the problem of feeding feed to the feeder and more fully solves the problem of keeping animals in boxes and the task of more efficient collection of manure and dumping it into the radial channel. However, one of the scrapers (in Fig. 4 of them), located near the channel, must drag the dung mass over the entire surface of the floor, moreover, already cleaned by the previous scraper. Not solved in this analogue and the problem of active removal of manure through a radial channel. This removal must be carried out either by manual labor or by hydraulic washing. But hydraulic flushing is also difficult, since the radial channel has no slope, the liquid fraction of manure can not run down it, the problem of where the manure is removed has not been solved. The problem is not solved, where the feed is stored, and how they are fed to the conveyor. Finally, the rotation of all three rings of the feeders with a system of radial partitions requires a significant expenditure of energy. In this regard, it is advisable to rotate the conveyor to feed the feed through these three feeders.

 But the biggest disadvantage is that this device for keeping animals does not solve the problem of keeping animals using regularly replaced litter. Litterless manure is also formed in it, which requires during processing (see the aforementioned work) colossal expenditures of energy and living labor and the cost of arranging storage facilities for it.

 In the well-known invention (SU N 1727732, "Round-shaped livestock farm), a round cowshed with a light protrusion in the center. Inside the building, it is divided by partitions into radial sectors for keeping cows, calves, dairy products, an engine room, a feed workshop. A milking parlor is located in the center the barn and the farm and is connected to all sectors by means of wickets. Feeding is carried out via suspended monorails by suspended electromagnetic feeders to feeders located in sectors. manure flows by self-alloying through additional trays connected to radial trays that go outside the building into a manure ring trench. From the drawing it follows (in the description not) that the floor has a surface in the form of a mound, as a result, radial manure trays deviate from the center to the periphery of at least 2%, the outer annular trench also has a slope, and in a place diametrically opposite to the manure collector, it has a watershed (see FIG. 4).

 And this analogue does not solve the problem of where the feed is stored, how it is fed to the suspended electromagnetic feed dispenser, or how it is fed to the feed mill. This analogue also does not solve the problem of keeping animals with the use of regularly replaced litter, and thus under the conditions of the Russian agricultural background it worsens the laying conditions of animals, contains them in crowded conditions in radial sectors and on wet and dirty floors. This analogue does not solve the problem of reliable controlled collection of manure from the floor surface, especially for large fractions of manure. This necessitates the use of manual labor to push them to an additional tray, or water wash. Hydraulic washing out of bedless manure (see the above-mentioned work of V.P. Kovalenko) creates a new technical problem - the task of removing water from manure during its processing into fertilizer.

 The presence of radial manure trays in the round room sectors for manure removal complicates the floor design, and, first of all, worsens the conditions for moving animals and completely eliminates the use of regularly replaced bedding. And the annular trench removed from the premises requires reliable shelter of the slurry from freezing. In some regions of Russia, the depth of such a trench should reach more than 2 meters. In this case, the bedding of the slurry well should be at least 5 - 6 meters. The choice of slurry from this depth requires the use of fecal pumps with a power plant with a capacity of 10 kW or more. It is not rational in such a room to be placed in car drinkers, which increases the length of the water supply network. But the biggest drawback of this round-shaped livestock farm is that it has a construction made in the rack-and-beam version. It excludes many advantages, moreover, all the advantages of previous analogues, this design forced the author to use complex and energy-intensive electromagnetic feed dispensers with monorails for each sector of the room and for each sector its own electromagnetic feed distributor. The main advantage of this analogue is the floor made in the form of a barrow.

 Known livestock farm by A.S. N 1743499. This farm contains a room for animals (radial boxes with individual partitions) located radially, designed for several animals, a store for roughage, located above the premises for animals, with niches for feeding roughage to animals. The side walls of the niche have longitudinal windows through which animals can feed. The storage for succulent feeds in the form of a round pit with concreted walls is located in the middle of the farm, and the storage for coarse and succulent feeds holds an annual supply. There is a canopy above the storages of coarse and succulent feed, supported by concentric walls.

 The enclosed room for animals is made in the form of a ring, the walking yard has the same shape, located between the wall (enclosure) of the succulent feed storage and the inner wall of the enclosed room, i.e. the walls of the rooms for animals both closed and open (walking yard) are made with concentric circles.

 Livestock farm is operated as follows. To feed the animals with coarse forage, it is enough to open the windows, as these fodder, as they are consumed, sink into a niche under the influence of their gravity. For feeding succulent feed, feed is fed from the storage by the working part of the mechanized installation, delivered through open windows in the inner wall of the room, alternately to the troughs of each room (box). To collect feces at the working unit for the distribution of succulent feed, the working part is changed, a device such as a wide scraper is used, with which all sewage through the open door of the outer wall of the enclosed space is collided into the manure storage and also placed concentrically (in a ring) at the outer wall of the room and (on recommendation of the inventor) are covered with earth. During manure cleaning, animals are driven out to a concentric walking yard.

 This invention for round-shaped farms for the first time solves the problem of placement and storage of feed near the livestock building, moreover, inside and above it. In this case, the volume of prepared feed should be equal to their annual supply.

 In this invention, for the first time, a central support was used as the axis of rotation of the mechanization means for both the feed storage and the livestock building. For the first time, the rotational movement of mechanization means for caring for animals of such operations as the distribution of feed and the collection and removal of manure from the premises was applied. This is a new step in the development of livestock buildings of a round shape.

 A device for keeping animals on and.with. SU N 1806567, where the round livestock room has a radial beam pivotally mounted on the central support of the room and supported by an annular guide on the periphery, mounted to rotate above the block (boxes) of animals. Means of mechanization are installed on the radial swing beam, for example, a feed dispenser, a milking machine, a means for cleaning feeders, etc., as well as a device for removing manure from the annular manure channel.

 This analogue has a significant advantage in that the round-shaped room is constructed from L-shaped half-forms and has a central support. It uses an annular guide (monorail) to rotate the radial beam. This analogue already includes elements of a method for keeping animals using the rotational movement of mechanization tools for caring for animals, all operations for caring for animals are called, including the operation for removing products (milking). But it is not developed and, first of all, does not solve the most important technological operation - the use of litter. The device of a manure-harvesting working body involves tethering animals without using litter, which further worsens the conditions for keeping animals: neither the ability to move, nor choose a drier place for lying. Animals must be rigidly fixed relative to the annular manure channel, otherwise the manure must be manually pushed into the annular channel.

 Not decided in this analogue, where the feed is stored, and how they are fed to the working body of the radial beam. In this analogue, a prerequisite is given for applying the rotational movement of mechanization means to perform all operations for caring for them and eating their products, but this is not developed, such operations as caring for animals and taking products are incompatible even in conditions of tethered livestock. Products should be removed under more hygienic conditions and at a higher level of mechanization.

 The prototype should include "building for the maintenance of cows" protected by the patent of the Russian Federation RU N 2021710.

 The purpose of this invention is to improve the usability of buildings for the maintenance of cows. The construction includes a round room with a floor inclined towards the ring of manure channels and a central support column, a section for animals concentrically placed in it, an annular feeder and a track for a two-wheeled cart equipped with a hopper feeder. The feed dispenser has a L-shaped emphasis cantilevered on its upper part, which is connected by means of a rotary clutch to the upper part of the central support post. A rotary screw conveyor is installed on the rack for spreading the litter. During the operation of the building, the feed distributor and the screw conveyor are rotated along a number of stalls, providing animals with food and bedding.

 Signs of the prototype, which coincides with the essential features of this invention, are available for the distribution of feed stationary feed dispenser, keeping animals on non-replaceable litter.

 A positive advantage of the prototype is that the round building is erected on a frame basis of L-shaped semi-frames. But the capabilities of the L-shaped half-frames make it possible to erect such premises of no large diameter, not more than 18, 20 meters, and therefore contain a small livestock under a round roof (see B.V. Khodanovich, Design and construction of livestock facilities, M .: 1990 p. . 67).

 In the round room of the prototype, as well as in a rectangular-shaped room, the aft passage is maintained, while along the largest perimeter of this room and has a considerable width for the passage of the feeder with a hopper, the volume of which should accommodate more than a ton of succulent feed. This passage also occupies at least 1/3 of the floor surface, as in a round room, the floor surface is determined by the square of the radius of the room and the more such a surface is removed from the center of the room, the more significant its loss.

 In this building (construction only for cows), to remove manure, the floor slopes away from the periphery of the building to its center, i.e. funnel-shaped. Slurry is collected in an annular channel located near the center of the room, and then it is collected from it through a system of small lengths of radial channels into an intermediate well located in the center of the room and only from it is collected through a radial collector into a liquid collector located outside the room.

 Such a slurry collection system is not operational. First, slurry is far from water, it has a high viscosity and, when slowing down (for example, at night), dissolved particles settle and firmly adhere to the surface of the channels, and when the flow stops, for example, in a collection well, it can harden and dry out, clog such gravity channels . The authors are familiar with the experience of using a funnel-shaped floor in round rooms built in the amount of 200 pieces in the Samara region. For two years of their operation, this sludge drainage system turned out to be inoperative, it had to be redone and a hydraulic wash was applied.

 The calf located in the center, without using bedding, where bedless manure is formed and which must also be removed through the same channels, will make this system without hydraulic washing already inoperable in the first months of its operation.

 Not the best way is the situation with the conditions of calves in the center of this room. A wall of translucent material is provided for their fencing, but the light reaches these weak creatures many times refracted and is far from the beneficial properties of direct sunlight, and their content without litter is generally destructive, especially in the first days and weeks of their survival.

 A significant advantage of the prototype lies in the fact that it uses a rotational movement not only for the distribution of feed, but also for the layout of the litter. But unfortunately, animals (cows) are kept on a non-removable litter, or rather on a manure mass that is continuously in a biothermal state and continuously emits gas, including heavy nitrogen formations that have a fetid odor, and the exhaust system is unable to take away heavy gases, since hatches are located above, and to put an exhaust hatch on the column below, it means to create conditions for a draft for newborns and weak calves, and therefore the prototype authors raised it under the dome of the calves.

 The manure layer formed in the stall for keeping cows can reach, according to the plan of the prototype authors, 80-100 cm. It is envisaged that when the manure layer grows, the feeder with the drinking bowl installed on it should rise up, which is a considerable operational and living labor cost, besides the lifting mechanism of this bulky system is not provided.

 Manure removal is one, at best, twice a year and carried out using a wheeled tractor equipped with standard equipment, i.e. it is difficult for a bulldozer and an excavator in such a cramped space that it can inevitably cause damage to the drinking bowl, feeder and translucent partition to shelter the calves, and this is also a considerable operational cost.

 The prototype authors, taking care of a less intensive increase in the layer of manure, reduced the rate of litter consumption from 5 to 3 kg, which less reliably covers the excreted excrement of animals, and thereby worsen the laying conditions of animals.

 The prototype does not provide for the keeping of cows a walking platform or a walking yard and thereby completely deprives the animals of the matsion.

 It is impossible to recognize the rational system of conveyors for feeding bedding material into the hopper of the screw conveyor for laying out the bedding. The length of this conveyor line is more than 12 - 15 meters, and it is suspended under the roof, and therefore access to it during operation is difficult.

 In this prototype, where the goal is to improve the operation of the livestock building, the water tank is placed on the roof of the room. Of course, the water pressure will be higher and more adjustable. But in the conditions of frosty winters, especially in the high latitudes of Russia, it must be reliably insulated, and maybe heated, and this is also an increase in capital costs and operating costs. It is also not rational to place the drinker along the entire length of the feeder. With the free keeping of animals, and this is the most rational content, they themselves can approach the drinker and there is no need to supply water to them.

 Prototype construction is intended for cows, but where they are milked and how they are fed for milking, the prototype does not solve these problems. He does not solve the problem of how calves are provided with milk during the period of milking. These two important operations must obviously be carried out by manual labor, and this is a step backward in the development of dairy production.

 And the most important technical problem is completely circumvented and not solved, where and how the feed is stored, how their good quality is preserved. Meanwhile, this is one of the basic conditions for the livelihoods of domestic animals and their productivity.

 The analysis of analogues and the main prototype of our invention shows that all analogues and the main prototype do not have the idea of keeping animals in the stall period, which lasts from 6 to 8 months a year under the conditions of the Russian agricultural background.

 The essence of this ideology is that animals in the stall period should be kept in conditions close to the June pasture, for example, in central Russia, when it is warm, dry, light, and with the beneficial effects of sunlight, the feed is of high quality, necessary matsion, at the same time, their excrement is fully returned to the land, and the cost of caring for animals is close to the labor of a shepherd and its maintenance provided by riding horses, while caring for a herd of 100 heads of cattle.

 The purpose of the invention: to improve the design of livestock buildings of a circular shape on a frame basis from L-shaped half-frames so that it can contain all kinds of animals with different livestock; to improve, and significantly, the conditions of its operation and on the basis of these structural and operational solutions to implement a method of keeping animals on a regularly replaced litter, at least 2 times a day and with the removal of solid and liquid manure fractions through different channels with simultaneous laying of the litter on the floor surface freed from manure and all other operations for caring for animals and removing their products, perform using the rotational movement of the means of mechanization, and the most intense of them - in automatic mode e.

 The purpose of the invention is achieved by the novelty of technical solutions in the device and operation of mechanization means for animal care operations, as well as by the novelty in the device of the livestock building itself, both indoor and outdoor - walking yard.

 A livestock farm using round-shaped rooms is characterized in that both the closed and open round-shaped rooms have a frame base made of L-shaped half frames, tied at the top with a stiffening ring made of profile metal in the form of a channel, etc., to which a metal a dome supported at the same time by a central support (column) carrying a bulk rod truss, while the upper ends of the half-frames are tied by another ring, which are made of corners in the form of two rings, are combined jumpered (plates) and lined with nylon or other sheet material in order suspension soft ceiling in the form of two tiers reinforced film with a layer of air bag capable of reliably hold the heat space, and the connection strips reinforced film carried patent N 917777 (to feed tower).

 A livestock farm using round-shaped rooms has the difference in that the stiffening ring and the soft ceiling enclosing ring can have a diameter in accordance with the size of the domes, and the shape of the domes can be either in the form of a hemisphere, a spherical segment, or in the form of two spherical layers, that allows you to change the diameter of the entire livestock building within a significant range from 16 to 32 m, keeping the frame structure of the room unchanged, while the design of the domes is completely unified with the domes of feed storage, diameter to which can vary from 8 to 18 m with an interval of 2 m. This change in the diameter of the livestock building allows you to change the floor area in proportion to the square of its radius, and this creates the conditions under which you can keep a herd of animals, for example, cows from 30 to 100 goals with an interval of 10 - 12 goals, which meets the capabilities of all sizes of farms and their associations.

 But the main difference, which served to take RU No. 2021710 for the prototype, is that the floor, in contrast to the prototype, while both the indoor and the walking yard is hard-coated and has the surface shape in the form of a barrow on a slope with a watershed at the entrance (entrance) to the livestock building or a lively yard, with the installation of a grooved groove (tray) along the perimeter of the floor (barrow), preserving the size of the groove section (width, height), and a perimeter slope of 2% is determined by the surface of the barrow on a slope . The perimeter grooved groove is discharged outside the premises in the lowest part of the mound along the outer tray (groove) to the grooved well.

 For the installation of a floor with a surface in the form of a mound on a slope, the foundation of the livestock building has a basement of no more than 400 mm, which allows you to make the floor at the entrance at the level of the basement of the foundation, and the lowest part of the mound (floor) is located 200 - 400 mm below the zero mark so that the diverting external groove or groove lies outside the room at a depth of not more than 400 mm from the surface, and the groove well is arranged at a shallow depth.

 A livestock farm using round-shaped rooms is new in that manure is first collected from the floor surface using a rotary aggregate (an aggregate that can rotate around the central support of the room), while manure is collected from the floor surface by a rod conveyor installed in front of the unit in the direction of its movement (rotation), the scrapers of which work in a vertical plane, and their suspension on the fingers of the rod is made so that they can change the direction of movement of the material it changes the situation of the stops pins on the fingers of the bar.

The unit has a container for bedding material, consisting of individual bins of meter length with a variable cross-section in length in accordance with a change in the size of the floor area depending on the square of its radius F = πR ² , and filling the tank with bedding material is carried out by a rod conveyor, the scrapers of which work in a horizontal the plane, made in the form of a lattice, while the conveyors are driven both for collecting manure from the floor surface and for filling the capacity of the unit with the help of screw screws about simultaneity of the right and left-hand thread, and the length of the screw thread defines the course of the boom conveyor. The rods of these conveyors are stacked and move in blocks of rollers, fixing them both above and below. The unit for collecting manure from the floor surface and the layout of the litter also differs in that it has a mover consisting of three wheels (three-support), two of which are driving wheels and they are installed with the greatest distance from the central support (axis) of the room, and the unit is attached to the central support of the room is carried out by a kinematic pair (hinge) having 4 degrees of freedom, of which three are rotational.

 A bar conveyor for collecting manure from the floor surface during rotation of the aggregate relative to the central support collects and transports the manure in the direction from the periphery, from the perimeter of the osseous groove to the center of the room to discharge it into a receiving chamber located around the central support of the room. Thanks to this technical solution, the solid or gruel-like part (fraction) of the manure is separated from the slurry, which flows down the slope of the floor (barrow) into the perimeter grooved groove and is taken out of the room in the other direction - to the grooved well.

 The chamber for receiving the solid or gruel-like part of the manure has an active manure guide in the form of a six-bladed winged wing that can rotate around the central support and collect the manure discharged by the unit’s conveyor belt from any angle of rotation relative to the central support and dump into a closed radial manure channel with a clearance of 400 x 400 mm, in which a radial rod conveyor is installed with the drive also from the lead screw simultaneously with the right and left rectangular threads. The bar of this conveyor is also laid and moves in blocks of rollers mounted on the brackets of the ducts of the manure passage. At the same time, the scrapers of the rod radial dung conveyor also work in a vertical plane and have the same connection with the rod as on the rod conveyor of the unit.

 The radial rod conveyor moves the manure to an inclined conveyor located outside the premises, the latter is unified with the existing rectangular ones used on livestock farms. But this conveyor is improved and has novelty. Its purpose is to raise manure and dump it into the back of a mobile vehicle or into the back of a tractor cart. When dumping, the bound mass of litter manure is stacked in the body in a heap in the center of the body or truck. This does not allow more fully use the carrying capacity of the vehicle. For a more complete filling of the body on the conveyor, at its end, in the place of the manure mass, a leveler is installed, which is a short bar conveyor with the same scrapers that move perpendicular to the flow of manure discharged from the conveyor. The middle scraper of this bar is fixed on it rigidly and rakes the manure in both directions, towards the two sides of the body, and the last two work one-sidedly, while the left scraper moves the manure to the left side of the truck, and the right to the right. The screed rod drive is also made in the form of a lead screw simultaneously with right and left rectangular threads, rotation of which is supplied from the conveyor shaft by a chain transmission.

 The three-support mover of the unit and its binding to the central support by a hinge with four degrees of freedom allow the unit, its protective knife, to clearly cap the floor surface and to remove manure from the floor surface with high purity in the form of a barrow on a slope.

 The second device that provides a solution to the purpose of the method is a rotary feed dispenser mounted on a circular monorail, placed at the top of the perimeter of the room wall, and the central support using a device of axial and radial rollers and representing a chain-slat conveyor with a web width of 1.2 m .

 The feed dispenser has a drive for its rotation along the monorail around the central support of the room, consisting of a gear motor and a chain transmission circuit, as well as a drive for the conveyor belt, which includes two gear motors. In this case, one gear motor is mounted on the conveyor shaft near the room support (internal), which rotates the conveyor shaft during feed loading, when the upper branch of the conveyor belt moves in the direction from the periphery (wall) of the room to the center (to the support), which feed dispenser loading. The gear motor mounted on the other conveyor shaft, located near the wall of the room, works during the layout of the feed in the ring feeder. It moves the conveyor belt in the direction from the center to the wall of the room, and its inclusion in operation is blocked with the drive motor-reducer for rotating the feeder around the central support of the room.

 The novelty of the technical solution in the device of the feed dispenser is that the tasks of this device are expanded, it not only lays out the feed in the feeder, but also solves the problem of remote control of the movement of animals. It differs in that it carries devices that allow you to control the movement of animals. These devices include an electric shepherd in the form of a massive frame with a bare wire installed on it with a voltage of not more than 6 - 12 V, while an electric shepherd can only come into contact with animals when performing one or another operation to move animals. For this purpose, the electroshepherd frame is suspended by cables on drums mounted on a shaft, the rotation of which raises or lowers the electroshepherd frame. During feed distribution, the electroshepherd frame rises and the electroshepherd is switched off from work. During the solution of technological problems on the movement of animals, the frame of the electric shepherd falls down to the level of the most noticeable effect on animals. Such an electric shepherd suspension allows it to be used for both large and small animals. The electric shepherd kit also includes an electric track, the signals of which are blocked by touching animals with the electric shepherd's wire.

 In addition, the feed distributor bears on itself a system (camera) for video surveillance and monitoring the condition of animals and the process of their movement during feeding to milking or moving them to a walking yard and vice versa, etc. The installation site of a video surveillance system, for the purpose of a more complete overview, is most effective on the feed distributor: in the zone of its attachment to the central support, and therefore the feed distributor gains new significance in the technology of keeping animals - the role of a shepherd, who is called a cattleman on rectangular farms.

 A livestock farm using round-shaped rooms differs from the analogue in that the automatic drinker is installed in the center of the room, installed directly on the central support and made in the form of an annular bowl, assembled from stamped sectors, the connecting seams of which are simultaneously stiffeners of the annular bowl. At the same time, the drinker is suspended on the central support of the room by cables through the blocks and is able to change its position in height using a mechanism in the form of an open worm gear with a manual drive - a handle or a small power motor gear.

A variant of this group drinker for cows and cattle, for example milking herd or for fattening, has a casing with thermal insulation. In the space between the casing and the annular bowl of the drinker, a heating element is installed with automatic switching on or off to maintain the plus temperature of water in the wintertime at 18 - 20 ^o .

 A livestock farm using round premises is also new in that for keeping age groups of animals, for example young calves up to 6 months of age, or for the purpose of a maternity ward, as well as for keeping sows with litter, or a large pair of birds with offspring (turkeys, geese, etc.), it uses mobile boxes, the shape of the area of which looks like a trapezoid with a base at the perimeter of the room. The boxes have radial guards, and at each base they are all interconnected by four links, so that they can be displaced relative to each other in a vertical plane. Each box is supported by five coils (wheels), with the help of which they can be rolled around a central support.

 During manure cleaning and litter layout, the boxes move (rotate) around the support of the room, while the unit for collecting manure and litter layout moves the boxes, and the animals in the compartments are forced to move, move away from the radial partitions, an electric shepherd installed like the analogue on radial septum. Unit rotation speed 1 r / h. It is found from the calculation of the performance of collecting manure from the floor surface and the performance of removing it from the room and loading into vehicles. This speed is 1 r / h, this speed for animals is not noticeable.

 Thus, the complex use of round-shaped premises on a frame basis, the novelty of technical solutions in the arrangement of the livestock building itself, both closed and open (walking yard) and, first of all, the choice of the floor surface design in the form of a mound on a slope, the novelty of technical solutions in the device of the rotor aggregate for collecting manure from the floor surface and the layout of the litter, where rod conveyors are used with drive from lead screws simultaneously with right and left rectangular threads; the novelty in the device of the feed dispenser, its wider purpose and use, when an electric shepherd, an electric walkway and a video surveillance and control system are installed on it, all this taken together allows you to use the method of keeping animals, milking herd, cattle for fattening, in which, under conditions of prolonged in winter, livestock is kept on a regular litter bed, and at least twice a day, animal excrement forms litter manure, the solid and liquid fractions of which are collected from the surface and floor and are removed from the premises through different channels, and the solid fraction of manure is removed from the floor surface simultaneously with the laying of the litter on the floor surface freed from manure, and all operations, such as storing the feed, storing the feed from storage, protected by patent N 1042668 (feed tower), as well as the layout of the feed for the feeder, feeding the animals to take products, moving the animals to the walking yard and vice versa, the animal mation in the walking yard, finally the operation to take products using the Carousel installations for Manure is carried out using the rotational movement of the means of mechanization, while all these operations are controlled remotely using a video surveillance and control system, and the operations are: laying the feed on the feeder, collecting manure from the floor surface and removing it from the room, laying the litter on the surface removed from the manure floors, being the most intense and time-consuming, can be performed automatically using a local computer. According to the terminology already adopted in engineering, this method of keeping animals should be called the rotor technology of keeping animals.

 In FIG. 1, a, b shows a general view of a livestock farm using premises of a round shape and with a plan view.

 In FIG. 2, a, b shows a closed livestock building of a round shape on a frame basis of L-shaped half-frames, with a general view in section.

 In FIG. 3, a, b shows a general view of a walking yard of a circular shape with a canopy around its perimeter.

 In FIG. 4a, b, c shows the dome of the livestock building in the form of two spherical layers and its attachment to the frame stiffness ring showing the suspension of the soft ceiling.

 In FIG. 5, a, b depicts the floor of a livestock building with a round shape with a surface in the form of a barrow on a slope with a watershed at the entrance (entrance) to the room and with a groove along the perimeter of the floor (barrow) with its outlet outside the premises to the groove well.

 In FIG. 6, a, b, c, d shows a rotary feed dispenser with an electric shepherd, an electric track and a camera for a video surveillance and monitoring system for the condition of animals and the execution of operations for caring for them.

 In FIG. 7, a, b, c, d, e, e shows a rotary unit for collecting manure from the floor surface and laying out the litter on the floor surface removed from manure.

 In FIG. 8, a, b, c, d shows a closed radial manure channel with a radial rod conveyor located in it and a manure guide in a chamber located in the center of the floor around the central support of the room.

 In FIG. 9, a, b, c shows a group automatic drinker in the form of an annular bowl and its suspension on a central support.

 In FIG. 10, a, b, c shows a round livestock building without a frame in a two-story design, where on the ground floor there is a milking workshop for food production and a feed preparation workshop on the second floor.

 In FIG. 11a, b, c shows a livestock farm from round-shaped premises on a frame basis for the maternity ward, as well as for keeping calves up to 6 months of age, offspring of other animal species with the installation of mobile boxes in it.

 In FIG. 12, a, b, c shows an inclined conveyor with a leveling bed of manure along the body of the transport.

 In FIG. 1 shows a livestock farm from round-shaped premises on a frame basis, which includes: a closed circular room 1 for sheltering animals in winter and bad weather, a walking yard 2 with a canopy around its perimeter of the yard, connected by a passage 3 to a closed room 1, a circular room 4 for removal of products, such as milking, connected to the enclosed space by a passage 5. It also includes a round storage of succulent feed 6 (silage, haylage) installed next to the enclosed space 1 and connected to it by a conveyor 7 for feeding the feed to otorinny feed dispenser, round feed storage 8, installed near the walking yard 2 and connected with it by a conveyor 9 for feeding feed to the rotary feeding dispenser 16 of the walking yard, wallless storage of bedding material 10, installed near both the enclosed space and the walking yard and associated with them conveyors 11 and 12 for feeding the litter into the capacity of the unit for manure from the floor surface and the layout of the litter. The livestock farm also includes slurry wells 13. FIG. 1, pos. 2 (walking yard), an aggregate for collecting manure from the floor surface and laying out the litter 14, a group drinker 15 and a rotary feeder 16 are shown.

 In FIG. 2 shows a closed livestock building of a round shape on a frame basis made of L-shaped half frames 17, tied at the top with a stiffening ring 18 with the help of clamps 19. A dome is attached to the stiffening ring 18, either in the form of a hemisphere or in the form spherical segment, or in the form of two spherical layers. The method of fastening the dome to the ring of rigidity 18 is fully unified with the fastening of the dome on the tower 9, 15, which is in production.

 In addition to the stiffening ring 18, the upper ends of the L-shaped semi-frames 17 are tied with a guard ring 20 made of a corner 75x50, while two such rings (upper and lower) are interconnected by overlays. The guard ring 20 is rigidly attached to the tightening clamps 19 half-holes 17. The entire guard ring 20 is lined with a strip of kapron sheet material or another, and to which two tiers of reinforced film 21 and 22 are suspended - a soft ceiling. Films 21 are held by pendants 23, the latter are attached to a curved beam 24, supported by a central support 25 and a stiffening ring 18. The support 25 has a volumetric truss at the top, the stiffening rods of which are connected in a single unit by rings 26 and 27 from an angle 60x60. Petals of domes are attached to rings 26 and 27. The mounting method is also unified with the method of mounting them on the BS-9, 15 towers.

 In addition, the frame of the round room at the bend of the semi-frames 17 is tied tightly by a monorail 28 for movement of the trolley of the rotary feeder 16. The monorail 28 is at the same time a ring of rigidity of the frame, but at a different level of its height, and is also made of profile steel in the form of a channel or an I-beam .

 A ring feeder 29 of concrete or metal arc sections with a curvature equal to the curvature of the inner surface of the room is installed below the perimeter of the inner surface of the room. The sections of the feeders are connected (welded) together by the protruding ends of the reinforcement and they are also welded to the L-shaped half frames 17.

 In FIG. 3 shows a walking yard 2, which is round in shape and is also made of L-shaped half-frames, but with a console shortened from 6.2 to 3.5 m for the manufacture of a canopy 30 around the entire perimeter of the yard 2. The design of the walking yard differs from the design of the livestock enclosed space only because there is no roof over the courtyard and the open surface is larger due to the reduction of the consoles with semi-frames. The walking yard has a monorail and the same technological equipment as indoors.

 In FIG. 4 shows a dome in the form of two spherical layers, the design of which is fully unified with the domes of the feed storage, and the suspension of two tiers of a reinforced film (soft ceiling) is unified.

 In FIG. 5 shows the floor of a round livestock building with a surface in the form of a barrow on a slope and a watershed at the entrance (entrance) to the livestock building. The walking yard has the same floor design - a barrow on a slope.

 A floor with a surface in the form of a barrow on a slope includes a hard surface 31, in the center of the floor (barrow), around the central support of the room there is a receiving chamber 32, with an active guide 33, driven by a gear motor 34. The along the perimeter of the floor (barrow on a slope) a perimeter grooved groove 35 is arranged with its outlet outside the premises or a walking yard, in the lowest part of the mound along the tray 36 to the grooved well 13.

 The floor structure also includes a radial closed manure channel, one end of which fits under chamber 32, and the other goes outside the premises. The radial manure channel 37 with dimensions in the section 400x400 mm is closed from above with slabs flush with the hard floor. The perimeter fluid collection groove 35 is adjacent to the feeder 29 so that its visor covers the groove from the feet of the animals.

 In FIG. 6 shows a rotary feed dispenser, which includes a frame 39, a conveyor belt 40 in a chain-and-bar design, a gear motor 41 for moving the conveyor belt 40 during loading of the feed dispenser, a gear motor 42 for moving the conveyor belt during feed distribution and discharge into feeder 29.

 An electric shepherd in the form of a massive frame 45 with a bare electric wire 46 is installed on the shaft 43 with cable reels 44, and an electric track 47 and a video monitoring and control system (video camera) 48 are installed. the shaft of the electric shepherd is implemented by a gear motor 51. The power supply of the feed distributor and its components is carried out by the collector unit 52 (see node A), while the power of the electric shepherd is made through a down transform torus 53.

 In FIG. 7 shows a rotary unit for collecting manure from the floor surface and laying out the litter. The unit includes a frame 55, consisting of sections, most of which are meter-long, a capacity 56, consisting of individual bins, and also most of which is meter-long and different sizes in width. The sectional frame and sectional capacity for bedding with a length of one meter allows you to select the length of the unit for the radius of the circular room, which can be changed with an interval of 1 m ranging from 8 to 16 m.

 Inside the tank 56 there is a system of agitators 57. The frame is supported by three wheels 58 and 59. The wheels 59 are leading and the rotation of the wheels is supplied from the gear motor 60 through a chain transmission 61.

 The unit is connected to the central support of the room by a hinge having 4 degrees of freedom and includes (see node A) rotational pairs "B", "E" and "K". The pair "B" provides rotation perpendicular to the support, the pair "K" perpendicular to the axis of the pair "E". In addition, the pair "K" gives the necessary freedom along its axis.

 The unit for collecting manure from the floor surface and the layout of the litter has two rod conveyors 62 and 63. The conveyor 62 for collecting manure from the floor surface has a rod 64, which is laid in the rollers 65 mounted on the brackets 66. The drive rod 64 is made in the form of a lead screw 67 simultaneously with the right and left rectangular thread. The screw has a slider nut 68, rigidly connected to the rod 64. The rotation of the lead screw is carried out by the gear motor 60. The rod, which is laid in the roller blocks, and the drive in the form of a lead screw due to the jack effect, significantly reduce the energy consumption of the aggregate conveyor.

 The bar conveyor 63 is also laid on the rollers 65, and the scrapers are placed horizontally on the grate of the tank made of longitudinal rods covering the tank 56. The drive of this conveyor is driven by a gear motor 69, and the drive of the tedders is carried out from the gear motor 60. The unit is mounted on the frame first the section adjacent to the feeder has two special scrapers, one of them is for cleaning the remains of the feed from the feeder, and the other for cleaning the perimeter of the groove groove, they are not shown in the drawing.

 In FIG. 8 shows a conveyor for removing manure outside the premises. In the center of the floor, around the central support of the room, in the chamber 32 there is an active manure guide 33 driven by a gear motor 34. Under the chamber 32 in the radial channel 37 there is a radial rod conveyor 75 for moving manure to the external inclined conveyor 76. Note, the radial manure the canal is made in the watershed area near the gate to enter the room. The drive of the radial manure conveyor is also carried out using a lead screw 74 simultaneously with a right and left rectangular thread, the rotation of which is supplied from the geared motor 77.

 The radial manure channel 37 is made of reinforced concrete blocks 78, which are covered with slabs 79. The conveyor rod 75 is laid in the roller block 80. The transporting properties of the scrapers 81, as well as the scrapers 70 and 71, are provided by the special head of the scrapers and the installation of the pin 82 on the rod finger, for which the threaded the hole in the bar pin is threaded and through. It is enough to screw the pin on the opposite side of the hole, and the direction of movement of the material will change to the opposite.

 In FIG. 9 shows a livestock building with a round shape showing the installation location of a group drinker, which is installed, unlike the prototype, in the center of the room on the central support of room 25, including an annular bowl 83, a casing 84, a manifold of valve devices 85 for automatically and sufficiently productively maintaining the water level in the annular bowl, a flexible inlet hose 86. The drinking bowl is suspended on a support by cables 87 through rollers 88 to the cable drums 89 of the worm open gearbox 90, the drive of which can be from the handle 91 I use the gear motor power up to 1 kW. The supply pipe 92 is laid indoors under the ceiling, which makes it convenient to use and partial heating of water is achieved in winter.

 In FIG. 10 shows a round livestock breeding room of a frameless basis in a two-story version, where devices for removing products are installed on the ground floor, for example, a carousel milking unit, a carousel shearing unit, a goat fluff combing unit or a goat and sheep milking unit.

 On the second floor of the room, a feed preparation workshop is completed, which includes a root cutter 93, a grain crusher 94, a feed mixer 95 with a dispenser of mineral and vitamin additives and a conveyor 96 for transporting the prepared feed outside the workshop or for dumping it onto a conveyor, for example 7 s its subsequent submission to the rotor feeder of a closed room or a walking yard, if the workshop is installed next to it. The storage box 97 for boxed root crops and the storage box 98 for grain fodder and feed pellets are located next to the feed mill and feed it with conveyor 99.

 In FIG. Figure 11 shows a livestock building with a round shape for the purpose of a maternity ward or for keeping young animals, for example, calves up to 6 months of age, etc. This room can be either on a frame basis or without it, depending on the size of the herd and herd. It has a floor also in the form of a barrow on a slope, but unlike the above described, it is equipped with movable boxes that can rotate around the central support of the room 25.

 Movable boxes divide the floor surface into sectors, and their enclosures are autonomous and made so that the floor area has the shape of a trapezoid, while the base of the trapezoid is adjacent to the ring feeder 29 and has a clearance (passage) of 1.2 m width between the base of the trapezoid and the ring feeder 29 .

 Moving boxes include: radial partitions 100, made of metal - angle 50x50 and circle (bar) 12 mm; individual combined feeder 101 with a drinking bowl for milk, used during milk feeding of calves; a double-leaf door 103 for animals to approach the ring feeder 29, as well as to drive them into or out of the room.

 Boxes for animals of this age, such as newborn calves and at the stage of milk feeding, are divided into two parts - internal and external. The inner part has a floor 102 and is fenced off from the outer part of the box by a partition 104 with a door 105. Each box is supported by 5 coils (wheels) 106. Two of them are installed at the base, two in the middle of the trapezoid, in the partition area of the inside of the box and one wheel in top of the trapezoid. On these rollers, the boxes can rotate around the central support of the room.

 The boxes are interconnected by links 107, as a result of their connection, four links are formed, which provide them with mobility relative to each other in the vertical plane during rotation around the central support of the room. This articulation of the boxes between them allows them to more fully copy the surface of the floor in the form of a barrow on a slope. In the center, the boxes are adjacent to a group car-drinker, where the height of the fence allows animals to drink water - a free approach to water.

 In one of the sectors or in one of the boxes there is an aggregate 14 for collecting manure from the floor surface and laying out the litter. The unit is connected to the boxes adjacent to it by means of length-adjustable rods 108, which also form four links, while the unit is connected to the boxes both in front (in the direction of rotation around the central support of the room) and behind. When moving (rotating), the unit pushes in front of the located boxes and pulls the boxes attached to it behind it. Thus, a closed connection and traction of the entire system are realized. The speed of rotation of the unit for manure removal along with the boxes is one revolution per hour or less, which is not noticeable for animals. Double-winged outer doors 103 are necessarily double-leafed, with the leaf being of such a width that, when opened, they block the passage between the boxes and the ring feeder 29, being, as it were, a continuation of the radial partition of the box. This design and the size of the doors solve two problems: makes a free approach for animals to the ring feeder 29 and at the same time prevents the free (arbitrary) transition of animals from one box to another.

 In FIG. 12 shows an inclined conveyor for feeding and loading manure, litter, and snow into vehicles.

 The inclined conveyor used on rectangular farms is all that remains of it. But he is also improving. This conveyor is equipped with a boom leveler. It includes a rod 117, a rod drive 118 in the form of a lead screw simultaneously with a right and left rectangular thread, a chain gear 119 and a system of scrapers 120.

 The work of a livestock farm with the use of round premises and the execution of operations for the care of animals is as follows.

 1. The operation of feeding cattle contained in stalk feeds.

 These animals are fed on a livestock farm using round-shaped facilities according to a schedule or schedule established by technological and zootechnical requirements. According to this schedule, the distributor-unloader of the feed storage (patent N 1042668, Feed storage) is included in the work and the feed along the feed passage (internal and external) is dumped onto the wall conveyor 7, which picks it up and feeds it to the rotary feed distributor 16 using transopter belt 40 (upper branch). When the feeder is loaded with feed, the conveyor belt 40 (upper branch) is moved in the direction from the wall of the room to its center (to the support) using a gear motor 41. The conveyor belt is gradually loaded with the feed layer of 0.4 - 0.5 m. When reaching the feed mass (silage, silage) of the inner end of the blade, the gear motor is switched off from operation by the limit switch. Then, at the command of the control panel or local computer, the gear motor 50 of the propulsion unit 49 and simultaneously the gear motor 42 are turned on to move the conveyor belt in the opposite direction, to discharge the feed from the feeder to the ring feeder 29.

 Rotating around the central support, the feeder discharges the feed into the feeder, while the uniformity of discharge is regulated by a tedder installed on the feed guide - plumb tray 54 (tedder is not shown in the drawing). During the passage of the feeder over places where there is no feeder 29, for example, the door or gate of the room, the conveyor of the feeder using the gear motor 42, its limit switch, is turned off, and after the passage of the place where there is no feeder 29, it is turned back on by meeting the end switch with its upper stop (not shown in the drawing). Having made a revolution, the feed dispenser returns to its original position, and gear motors 42 and 50 are turned off. Distribution of feed is completed, and the feeder is ready for the next feed load.

 One-time feed, such as silage, 10 - 12 kg per cow. When keeping 100 heads of cattle in the room, the feeder receives and places 1000 - 1200 kg of silage on the transport bed. In a room for 100 heads, the length (working) of the conveyor belt is 13 m, width 1.2 m, which ensures the reception and placement of such a mass of feed on the feeder.

 In the walking yard, animals are fed with roughage. A one-time summer residence of this type of feed is 2–3 kg per large head and on a feeder with the above dimensions (length, width) 200–300 kg of hay or millet, oat straw will be placed. Loading the feeder of the walking yard with food and laying it out along the ring feeder of the yard is similar to the distribution of food indoors.

 2. Feeding cattle using feed preparation.

 Cattle can be fed using feed preparation, for example, when feeding this species of animals with root crops, flavored in the feed preparation plant with grain fodder, mineral supplements, vitamin supplements, etc.

 When feeding cattle using the feed preparation process of root crops storage 109, grain storage stores 110 or feed pellets 111 are located next to the production picking workshop and this workshop has a two-story design, where there is a feed workshop on the second floor. Feed, for example root crops, is fed from the storage by conveyors 117 and 118 to the feed workshop for its preparation and after processing it is fed by conveyor 119 to the wall conveyor 7, the latter feeds it to the feed distributor. Further, the distribution process is similar to the distribution of stalk feed.

 4. The operation to collect manure from the floor surface and the layout of the litter, removing manure from the premises.

 Daily output of feces, for example, in cows 35 kg, daily output of urine 20 liters. The daily rate of litter in the form of crushed straw for one large head is 5 kg. Note that each kg of crushed straw is able to absorb (absorb) up to 5 liters of urine. The litter rate in cold regions of Russia can be increased to 6 - 7 kg. The daily output of manure per cow is 50-60 kg, per 100 heads 5-6 tons.

 Manure should be cleaned at least twice a day: in the morning after rising from a lying position before morning milking and in the evening, after the last feeding and laying on a bed (overnight).

 The initial position of the unit for collecting manure and laying out the litter, both indoors and in a walking yard, against the conveyors for feeding litter 11 and 12. The capacity of the unit is filled with litter only before its work on manure removal. His main condition is to be free - without bedding. Filling the aggregate tank with the bedding is done as follows: the bar conveyor of the tank is turned on, then the wall conveyor 11 or 12 is turned on, and then the distributor-unloader of the bedding storage is turned on and the crushed straw is dumped onto the wall conveyor 11 or 12 through the external vertical channel, which feed it into the first hopper of the unit capacity. The vertical channel of the bedding material storage has a tapered end, in which a rotary valve is placed, by rotation of which it is possible to change the material flow either to the conveyor 11 or 12.

 As the first hopper of the unit is filled, the conveyor 63 picks up the mass and moves it to the second hopper, when the second hopper is filled, it moves to the third hopper, etc., until bedding material reaches the main hopper of the unit.

 The unit, filled with bedding material, is included in the work - it begins to rotate around the central support of the room. At the same time, a dung conveyor 62 and a capacity agitator are included in the operation. The bar conveyor 62 collects manure with its scraper and along the protective knife of the unit transports it to the center of the room and dumps it into the chamber 32, with the active manure guide 33, which dumps the manure into the channel 37, where it is picked up by the scrapers of the radial bar conveyor 75, the latter moves it to the inclined conveyor 76 for loading into vehicles.

 During operation of the unit for collecting manure, bedding material under the influence of tedders is in a state of high flowability (5 tedders rotate in containers at different levels) and gradually pours out through the gap between the floor and the wall of the tank, while this gap (gap) is regulated by a gate, and the bottom capacity does not have. Instead of a bottom, tines in the form of fork horns are delivered with a certain interval. So that the bedding material in all the bins is partially in contact with the floor, and the agitator located and rotating near the outlet activates the bedding output through this gate controlled by the gate.

 As a result, the aggregate collects manure ahead of its movement, and lays a layer of litter of a given thickness through the adjustable clearance behind. The litter is laid on a clean floor removed from manure.

5. Animal watering operation
The operation of watering animals is carried out using a group drinker. A group drinker in the form of an annular bowl with a diameter of 2 m along the outer perimeter is mounted on a central support at a height convenient for a particular animal age with a cable suspension and a worm gear and has a circular approach to it with a watering front of more than 3 m. Level water in it is maintained automatically by means of a valve system, combined into one valve manifold. When keeping young animals in the boxes, their rear fence allows a free approach of young animals to the drinking bowl.

 6. The operation of offspring and the maintenance of young animals.

 The operation of the appearance of offspring and its early maintenance is also carried out in a round-shaped room, which may have, depending on the size of the herd, a diameter of 12, 14, 16 and 18 m. For livestock, for example, K.R.S. 100 and more heads of the maternity ward can be built on a frame basis and have a diameter of 20, 22 meters.

 The round-shaped room for the maternity ward and keeping the young has all the same equipment as for adult animals: the same feed dispenser, the same unit for collecting manure and laying out the bedding, the same group automatic drinker and ring feeder installed around the perimeter of the room wall. But the room for the maternity ward and the maintenance of young animals is equipped with mobile boxes, in which the offspring are born and its rearing is least crowded, and in some cases individually.

 Each box allows animals to freely approach the feeder, which is fed according to the schedule in the form of crushed hay, young animals are grown in hay with artificial ventilation. This age group of animals can also receive feed through the feed preparation workshop if a maternity ward or farm for growing young animals is established with a feed workshop.

 Manure cleaning and laying out the litter is carried out as well as in the room for adult animals twice a day. At the same speed, the unit rotates around the central support and, moving the boxes, collects manure from the floor surface and dumps it into the chamber onto the active guide, the latter dumps it into the receiving part of the radial channel, where it is picked up by the radial rod conveyor and moves to the inclined external conveyor for loading in vehicles.

 Boxes for the maternity department of cattle, their inner part has a floor. This part of the box is fenced off by an additional partition that has a door. During the manure removal and laying out, the litter that is not strong, which is kept on milk feeding, the calves are driven into the inner part of the box and moved with it. At an older age, this operation is not required. The calves are kept already with the door of the internal partition open, and they have access to both the feeder and the group drinking bowl. During manure cleaning and laying out, older calves' litter contained in mobile boxes are forced to move along with the box with an electric shepherd and electric track, which are turned on only during manure cleaning and laying out the litter.

 8. The operation of feeding animals for milking is performed using a rotary feeder, electric shepherd, electric track and a unit for collecting manure from the floor surface. To feed the cows to the milking unit for collecting manure is installed against the entrance to the milking parlor, and is installed in the middle of the entrance to the parlor and divides it into the entrance and exit.

 A rotary feeder is installed above and near the unit. The electric shepherd’s frame is lowered and the low-voltage current is turned on, at the same time, the electric track and video camera are turned on. Then the feeder mover is turned on, and it starts to rotate around the central support of the room and in that direction, with its electric shepherd, force the animals to move in the direction of their entrance to the milking parlor. Moving, the feeder emits sounds calling for milking. Sounds can be matched to the voice of a shepherd or other sounds that are pleasant and intelligible to them. Animals that come into contact with the electric shepherd’s wire are scared away by them towards the entrance to the milking parlor. Periodically, the movement of the feeder is suspended, so that the rate of entry of animals into the milking parlor is equal to the rate of milking of cows at the carousel milking parlor. Dormant animals leave the milking parlor on the other side of the unit, in a space where there are no animals, they are collected and fed by the feeder (shepherd) to the milking.

 After milking is completed, the manure collection unit and the feeder are returned to their original position with the help of electric reversers. During the operation of moving the unit for the purpose of blocking the passage to the milking parlor and returning it to its original position, the protective knife is raised to a horizontal position using an electromagnetic device, and the bar conveyor is disconnected from work using a cam clutch with an electromagnetic drive.

 9. The operation of moving animals from an enclosed space to a walking yard.

 To perform this operation, a unit for collecting manure from the floor surface is installed on one of the sides of the aisle (door) for animals to enter the walking yard. A rotary feeder (shepherd) is installed above the unit, the electric shepherd is lowered, the electric track is turned on, preferably with other sounds calling animals to the walking yard (a variety of sounds develops conditioned reflexes of animals for a more precise organization of operations for caring for them) and then the feeder drive is turned on to rotate it around the central support of the room, while in that direction so that the animals fit them to enter the walking yard.

 10. The operation of returning animals from the walking yard to an enclosed space.

 This operation is similar to the previous one, the only difference is that it is performed by the unit and the feeder of the walking yard. And in this case, the unit for collecting manure from the floor surface of the walking yard is installed on one of the sides of the aisle (door), and the feed dispenser with the electric track turned on and the electric shepherd down lowers the animals to the side where they are given an open passage.

 11. Operation - animal matsion in a walking yard.

 The mation of animals, especially cattle, both the dairy herd and the herd, which is fattened in stall conditions, is made only in the walking yard. This operation is carried out only by the unit for collecting manure from the floor surface.

 That is why the aggregate for collecting manure is loaded with litter only before cleaning manure and laying out the litter, during which it is freed from the litter material. Its main position is to have an empty tank. For this reason, the design of the cleaning knife, its articulated suspension on the unit frame provides for two positions: the working position, when it cleans the feed particles not captured by the bar conveyor scrapers, and the idle position, when it is turned into a horizontal position, is raised 120 - 150 mm. The knife rotates to a horizontal position, as mentioned remotely using an electromagnetic device. When the protective knife is raised, the boom manure conveyor cannot work and is also disconnected from work.

 The unit for collecting manure from the floor surface of the walking yard has its own electric shepherd and its own walkway and its local computer. The propulsion drive on the walking yard has a gearbox with three speeds, it is two-threaded and three-stage. Therefore, the unit of the walking yard has three speeds. Of these, one speed of 1 r / h for cleaning manure from the floor surface and laying out the litter, another speed of 6 r / h for moving the unit to another technologically necessary position and a third speed of 10 r / h for carrying out the exercise.

 During animal reproduction, the unit for collecting manure from the floor surface and laying out the litter rotates around the central support, which in the yard is not a support, but the axis of the yard, always with the electric shepherd turned on and the electric track turned on, while the electric track makes the sounds of a shepherd shouting - a conditional signal for a walk .

Claims (7)

 1. A livestock farm for example for cattle using round-shaped rooms, including a closed round room equipped with a feed conveyor, a feed dispenser and feeders, a group of automatic watering machines and an inclined floor in the form of a barrow with devices for collecting and removing new ones from the premises and laying out the bedding, equipped with the above-mentioned means, a walking yard connected by a closed circular room, a room for taking products and a storage of feed and bedding, while the round closed room will have a central support on which a group automatic drinker is installed, sections for animals are placed around it, and the wall of the circular enclosed space is made in the form of a frame made of L-shaped half-frames, characterized in that the vertical part of the L-shaped half-frames is connected to the inner surface by a metal ring made in the form of a circular monorail, at the top of the half-frame they are connected by a metal stiffness ring in the form of a channel to which in a closed room a metal dome is attached to a supporting bulk rod form, supported by which is supported on the central support, while the upper ends of the L-shaped half-frames in an enclosed space are equipped with a guard ring to which two tiers are attached in the form of soft-domed domes made of reinforced film, the diameters of the metal dome and soft-dome domes are equal to the diameters of the stiffening ring and the enclosing ring, respectively and the shape of the dome is made in the form of hemispheres, a spherical segment or two ball layers, the floor of the enclosed space and the walking yard is made with a hard coating and has the shape of a surface in the form of a mound , on the slope of which there is a watershed at the entrance to the enclosed space along the floor perimeter, a tray with an unchanged cross-sectional profile is made with going out of the premises in the lowest part of the mound slope in the place of diameters but opposite to the mound’s watershed and an annular feeder is installed, a juicy storage feed is located near the enclosed space and connected to it by a wall conveyor, the coarse feed storage is located next to the walking yard and is connected by a wall conveyor to the feed distributor the yard, and the litter storage is located near the enclosed space and the walking yard and is connected to each of them by conveyors for feeding the litter.  2. The farm according to claim 1, characterized in that for collecting and removing manure, a rotor unit is installed with a propeller from the wheels with the possibility of rotation around the central support of the room, in front of which there is a rod with scrapers working in a vertical plane, a conveyor and containers for laying in the form of hoppers with a variable cross-section along the length, the filling of which with bedding material is carried out by a rod scraper conveyor, the scrapers of which work in a horizontal plane, and both conveyors are driven from x pa screws on the right and left of the rectangular thread.  3. The farm according to claim 1, characterized in that a round chamber is made around the base of the central support, with an active manure guide installed in it, made in the form of a winglet dropping a solid fraction of manure into a closed radial novos channel, located in the watershed zone with it with a barred scraper conveyor driven by lead screws with right and left rectangular threads, the scrapers of which move the solid fraction of manure outside the room to an inclined conveyor with a manure leveler trans ortnogo device.  4. The farm according to claim 1, characterized in that the group drinker is mounted on a central support, made in the form of an annular bowl with stiffeners and equipped with a mechanism in the form of a worm gear with cable drums for installation in height.  5. The farm according to claim 1, characterized in that the feed dispenser is mounted on a central support, made in the form of a trough-shaped container with a chain-slat conveyor and combined with an electric shepherd, made in the form of a massive frame of a bare low-voltage electric wire, hung on a cable and mounted on rotating drums.  6. Section of a livestock farm for young cattle using round-shaped premises, including a closed circular room equipped with a feed conveyor, a feed dispenser and feeders, a group car-feeder and an inclined floor in the form of a barrow with devices for collecting and removing manure from the room and laying out the bedding equipped with the mentioned means, a walking yard connected to a closed circular room, a room for storage and preparation of feed and a storage for bedding, while the walls are round The enclosed space is made in the form of a frame made of L-shaped half-frames, on top of which there is a coating in the form of a dome resting on a central support on which a group automatic drinking bowl is installed, and around it there are movable animal boxes, characterized in that the movable boxes in plan are made in the form of trapezoid inscribed in the sizes of sectors of the floor circle area with the formation of the passage between the boxes and the ring feeder, located along the perimeter of the walls of the enclosed circular room, and interconnected by four-linkers, ensuring the mobility of the boxes relative to each other in the vertical plane and the possibility of copying the floor surface when moving them during manure and bedding, moreover, an electric shepherd and one of the doors of the double-leaf door are installed on each radial partition of the box, which in the open position blocks the passage between the boxes and an annular feeder, providing access to it, and the manure removal means is configured to move the boxes in a vertical plane and around the central support .  7. A method of keeping cattle using round-shaped rooms, including keeping animals on a regularly changed litter, care, feeding and volume of production, characterized in that the litter is changed at least 2 times a day with the separation of manure into solid and liquid fractions, while collecting the solid fraction of manure from the floor surface is carried out simultaneously with the laying of the litter on the vacant floor surface, and all operations for the care, feeding and volume of products are performed using a circular displacement niya means of mechanization.

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