RU2369063C1 - Unit for separating manure into fractions - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: unit comprises a sloped filtering surface fixed on a frame and fitted by a tray for liquid fraction collection under it and a feeder above it, an endless pulling element which embraces the sloped filtering surface, connected to the drive mechanism and fitted by elastic holed scrapers as well as press elements set on the frame. Each press element is made as a double-arm lever fixed to the frame by a hinge; one of the arms can interact with the sloped filtering surface and elastic holed scrapers and is elastic and holed itself, the other arm is fitted by a stopper fixed on the frame by an L-shape holder. The double-arm lever is equipped by a rope with balance weight to return it to the initial position to interact with the sloped filtering surface and elastic holed scrapers.

EFFECT: reduced power demand for manure separation into fractions.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to devices for dividing manure into fractions.

A known installation for the separation of manure into fractions [1], which includes an inclined sieve with a pan placed under it, in the lower part of which there is a drain pipe. A feeder is installed above the top of the sieve, which serves to feed the original mass onto the sieve. On the endless traction element connected with the drive, covering the sieve, elastic scrapers are fixed from the material wetted by water, which interact with the upper and lower surface of the sieve. Alternately with the scrapers, rubberized rollers are fixed on the traction element, the surface of which has the shape of conical spikes staggered on it.

The disadvantage of this installation is the low efficiency of the separation of manure into fractions.

Closest to the technical nature of the present invention is a plant for separating manure into solid and liquid fractions [2], containing an inclined filter surface mounted on the frame. Under it is placed a tray for collecting the liquid fraction. A feeder is installed above the filter surface. The installation comprises an endless traction element that covers the surface and is connected with the drive mechanism with elastic perforated scrapers fixed to it. On the frame there are squeezing elements made in the form of two-arm levers spring-loaded relative to it, pivotally mounted on the axis. One of the lever arms is arranged to interact with the filter surface and with elastic perforated scrapers and is also made elastic and perforated, and the other has a stop fixed to the frame by means of an L-shaped bracket.

The disadvantage of this installation (prototype) is the high energy intensity of the process of active moisture from the layer of solid fraction in the interaction of an elastic perforated scraper with a squeezing element.

The present invention solves the problem of reducing the energy intensity of the process of separation of manure into fractions.

The problem is solved with the help of a unit for separating manure into fractions, containing an inclined filter surface mounted on the frame with a tray for collecting the liquid fraction placed under it and a feeder mounted above it, covering the inclined filter surface and an endless traction element attached to the drive mechanism elastic perforated scrapers, squeezing elements mounted on the frame, each of which is made in the form of a pivotally mounted two-arm lever, one of the shoulders of which are arranged to interact with an inclined filter surface and with elastic perforated scrapers and made elastic and perforated, and the other with a stop fixed on the frame by means of an L-shaped bracket. The two-armed lever has a cable with a load to return it to its original position of interaction with an inclined filter surface and with elastic perforated scrapers.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

Figure 1 shows the installation for the separation of manure into fractions; figure 2 - installation workflow: a) and b) - closest to the invention, c) and d) - according to the invention.

The installation for separating manure into fractions consists of an inclined filter surface 2 fixed on the frame 1 with a tray 3 located under it to collect the liquid fraction. A feeder 4 is installed above the inclined filtering surface 2, and it itself is covered by an endless traction element 5 with elastic perforated scrapers attached to it 6. On the frame 1 there are squeezing elements made in the form of two-arm levers 7 with a cable 8, a load 9 and stops 10 fixed by means of L-shaped brackets. The two-arm lever 7 is pivotally mounted on the axis 11. The load 9 acts on the two-arm lever 7 by means of a cable 8 and block 12. The endless traction element 5 is connected to the drive mechanism 13. Elastic perforated scrapers 6 and two-arm levers 7 are mounted to interact with an inclined filter surface 2 The shoulder of the two shoulders of the lever 7, located with the possibility of interaction with the filtering surface 2 and with elastic perforated scrapers 6, is made elastic and perforated. The elastic perforated scrapers 6 on the traction element 5 are fixed with the same pitch, and the distance between the two shoulders levers 7 is made increasing in the direction of movement of the elastic perforated scrapers 6.

Installation works as follows.

Liquid manure feeder 4 is evenly distributed across the width of the inclined filter surface 2 and under the influence of the traction element 5 elastic perforated scrapers 6 moves along the surface. At the same time, part of the liquid in a free state enters the pan 3. Under the action of elastic perforated scrapers 6, the dung mass, resting on the two-arm lever 7, is compressed. In this case, the pressure force is directed parallel to the plane of the inclined filter surface 2, which eliminates the penetration of solid particles through its openings into the pan 3. When the elastic perforated scraper 6 is brought closer to the two-arm lever 7, moisture is actively released from the solid fraction layer. Through perforation on elastic perforated scrapers 6 and two-arm levers 7, moisture is removed from the pressing zone and through the regenerated elastic perforated scrapers 6, the inclined filter surface 2 is sent to the pallet 3. With further action of the elastic perforated scraper 6, the two-arm lever 7, turning over the gravity of the load 9, turns on the axis 11, slides along the outer edge of the elastic perforated scraper 6 and, freed from its impact, abruptly returns with a cable 8 with a load of 9 to its original position . At the same time, the elastic perforated scraper 6 returns to its original position, freeing itself from adhering manure by pushing it forward, as a result of which it loosens.

The loosened layer of the solid fraction in the process of moving is subjected to repeated exposure to squeezing elements as described. This allows you to remove bound capillary moisture, which helps to obtain a solid fraction with a minimum amount of moisture.

During the installation workflow, when the two shoulders of the lever 7 are turned on the axis 11, work is done to overcome the gravity of the load 9 transmitted by the cable 8 and block 12:

A _image = F _t Δx,

where A _isobr - work to overcome the gravity of the load in the present invention, J;

F _t - gravity load, N;

Δx - displacement, m

During the workflow of the closest installation (prototype) when turning the two-shouldered lever on the axis, work is done to overcome the spring force:

where A _prot - work to overcome the spring force of the spring in the prototype, J;

F _CPR - spring force, N;

Δx ₀ - preliminary tension of the spring, providing the necessary squeezing pressure, m;

k is the spring coefficient of elasticity, N / m;

F _UPR0 - the elastic force of the spring when it is stretched by Δx ₀ , N.

If the parameters F _m and F _{control 0 are} equal, energy savings will be:

Information sources

1. Auto USSR No. 1093275, publ. 05/23/84.

2. Auto USSR No. 1360616, publ. 12/23/87.

Claims (1)

A plant for dividing manure into fractions, comprising an inclined filter surface mounted on a frame with a drip tray below it and a feeder mounted above it, covering an inclined filter surface and an endless traction element connected to the drive mechanism with elastic perforated scrapers fixed to it, installed squeezing elements on the frame, each of which is made in the form of a pivotally mounted two-shouldered lever, one of the shoulders of which is located with the possibility of interaction with an inclined filter surface and with elastic perforated scrapers and is made elastic and perforated, and the other with a stop fixed on the frame by means of an L-shaped bracket, characterized in that the two-arm lever has a cable with a load to return it to its original position of interaction with inclined filter surface and with elastic perforated scrapers.

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