RU2369058C1 - Tillage machine rotor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: rotor comprises a shaft, holders, cutting elements and springs. The shaft is made of a pipe and consists of sections connected through flange joints. The cutting elements are fixed in the holders which are set inside the shaft and welded to it with sequential angular displacement along the spiral line. The cutting elements are fixed by the springs which are placed inside the shaft and are entering the grooves made in the cutting elements with alternating section in an arc. The spring coil interval in the free state is less than the interval between the holders.

EFFECT: invention allows for the reduction of the rotor weight, reduction of labour content in the cutting elements replacement and provides for fast process adjustment depending on the mechanical and physical properties of soil.

6 dwg

Description

The invention relates to devices in the field of agricultural engineering, intended for tillage.

Currently, rotary tillage machines with horizontally rotating rotors are manufactured, in which the cutting elements are connected to the rotor shaft by welding or by means of fasteners. Both joining methods have the disadvantage associated with the high complexity and considerable time spent on replacing worn cutting elements. Moreover, the complexity of replacing the cutting elements attached to the rotor shaft by means of fasteners does not differ significantly from the complexity of replacing the cutting elements connected to the shaft by welding, since the fasteners wear out when working under the influence of the soil, so cutting elements can only be removed by cutting it.

Known tillage mill (ed. St. SU No. 1160947, АВВ 33/12, 1985), adopted for the prototype, containing working bodies mounted on the shaft. Her hub of each working body has a conical shape and is made of longitudinal parts, each of which is connected to the corresponding knife of the working body, while the hub is mounted on the shaft by means of the flange parts surrounding it.

In addition, a milling drum is known (ed. St. SU No. 1687041, A01B 33/10, 1991), comprising a shaft with disks on which knives are mounted with brackets with grooves and stop elements with the possibility of stepwise regulation of their length. The disadvantage of these designs is also the high material consumption, since the shafts are made of rolled multifaceted or circular cross-section, in addition, although the authors solve the issue of quick-detachable knives, each knife is fixed and removed individually.

The objective of the invention is to reduce the material consumption of the rotor of a rotary tillage machine and the complexity of replacing cutting elements.

The problem is solved in that the proposed rotor of a rotary tillage machine inside a shaft made of pipe has holders of cutting elements inserted and welded together forming a spatial truss with the pipe. Fixing the cutting elements with the help of springs allows for quick replacement of the cutting elements and compensates for the wear of their mounting surfaces.

New significant features:

- the shaft is made of pipe and consists of sections fastened through flanges;

- the cutting elements are installed in holders located inside the shaft and welded to it with sequential angular displacement along the helix;

- the cutting elements are fixed in the shaft using springs located inside the shaft and included in the grooves made on the cutting elements with a variable cross-section along the arc;

- the radius of the arc along which the grooves are cut is made in the tolerance field A, therefore, during assembly, the spring does not completely sit on the bottom of the grooves, but with a small gap, so that during operation, gradually drowning in the grooves, compensate for wear on the mounting surfaces of the cutting elements;

- to facilitate disassembly, the grooves on the cutting elements have a bevel;

- the step of the coil of the springs in the free state is less than the distance between the holders, so the springs, stretching when screwed in, fix the cutting elements in the shaft section, pressing them through the elastic gaskets to the holders;

- putting rings on the free slots, so that the soil does not fall into the shaft during operation, you can increase or decrease the number of cutting elements, depending on the physical and mechanical properties of the soil.

New essential features are sufficient in all cases to which the requested scope of legal protection applies.

The set of known and distinctive essential features of the inventive rotor is not known from the prior art and does not follow from it in an obvious way.

A new technical result is that the use of the proposed rotor on rotary tillage machines will reduce their weight and reduce the complexity of replacing cutting elements and make quick technological adjustment.

Figure 1 - shows a General view of the rotor; figure 2 is a section bB; figure 3, 4, 5 - its section aa, bb, gg.

The rotor (figure 1) is installed on the frame 1 of a rotary tillage machine. It contains axles 2 on which a shaft 7 is made through the bearings 3 and cups 5, made of a pipe and consisting of sections connected by fasteners through the flanges 12. One bearing is closed by a cover 4, and the second one is made integral with the gear wheel 13 of the drive. The cover and gear are fixed with studs 6. A pair of narrow and wide slots with sequential angular displacement along the helix are made in the shaft, in which holders 8 are placed and welded (Figs. 1, 3, 4, 5). The cutting elements 9 are installed in the holders through a wide slot on the elastic gaskets 10 glued to the holders. On the cutting elements there are grooves “K” (Figs. 4, 5) with a variable cross-section along the arc, where the spring 11 enters in each section. The radius of the arc, along which the grooves are cut, is made in the tolerance field A, therefore, the springs during assembly do not completely sit on the bottom of the grooves, but with a small gap “I” (Fig. 4), so that during operation, gradually drowning in the grooves, compensate for wear on the installation surfaces “D "(Figure 3) and" G "(figure 4) of the cutting elements.

When assembling the rotor, the cutting elements are installed in the holders so that the mounting surfaces "D" and "F" rest on the surface of the shaft. A spring is screwed into each section. One end of the spring has an oblique cut to facilitate entry into the grooves on the cutting elements. At the other end, a bend “E” was made (FIG. 2), with which a spring is twisted. Then connect the rotor sections.

The working part of the cutting elements can be of various shapes. Replacement of the cutting elements is carried out when they are worn, or to change the depth or purpose of processing. To replace the cutting elements, the shaft flanges are disconnected, the springs are unscrewed and the cutting elements are removed. To facilitate disassembly of the grooves "K" on the cutting elements have a bevel "E" (figure 4).

Claims (1)

The rotor of a tillage machine, comprising a shaft, holders, cutting elements and springs, characterized in that the shaft is made of pipe and consists of sections fastened through flanges, cutting elements are mounted in holders located inside the shaft and welded to it with a successive angular displacement along the helical lines, and are fixed with the help of springs located inside the shaft and included in grooves made on cutting elements with a variable cross-section along the arc, while the step of the spring turns in the free state is less than the distance between holders.

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