RU2368498C1 - Device for formation of products made of loose disperse materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanics.

SUBSTANCE: device contains frame, at least one forcing plate with working surface in the form of taper, drive, providing for plate ability of execution, of circular oscillation around the vertex of taper, stabilising component, preventing exclusion of treated powder-like material into formed part of product, and bin for feeding of material into form for work surface of plate, is outfitted by oscillated by drive carrier, pivotally fixed to forcing plate. Additionally rocking amplitude of carrier corresponds rocking amplitude of forcing plate in the place of fixation to it of carrier. Furthermore, oscillation of carrier from drive is provided by toggle mechanism, driven member of which is pivotally connected to carrier.

EFFECT: removal of wear and noise from contact of bin walls with forcing plate.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of molding products and semi-finished products from various powder and composite bulk materials and can be applied in various fields of industry and construction.

Bulk composite and powder materials are understood as soils, concrete mixtures, ceramic masses, refractory masses, foundry molding compositions, metal powders and the like.

A device for performing open non-equilibrium irreversible processes of self-organization during molding and compaction of granular media, containing a drive means for acting on the working agent entering the working position, characterized in that the driving means for acting on the working agent is made in the form of a platform mounted with the possibility of simultaneous longitudinal, lateral and vertical movement for open irreversible continuous processing processes (Patent No. 2085400, 10.29.93, B44C 1/24, 5/04, B44D 3/06).

The closest in technical essence to the claimed invention is a device for molding products from granular dispersed materials, containing a frame, a drive, a stuffing element in the form of a pressure plate, a stabilizing element that prevents the displacement of the processed powder material from the mold, and a device for feeding material into the mold under the working surface of the plate, and the working surface of the plate is made in the form of a cone and the plate is connected to the drive, providing the plate with the possibility of perfect Nia circular oscillation around the vertex of the cone, and the device is in the form adjacent to the plate with a clearance and its covering along the contour of the hopper walls (RF Patent №2175699, 10.05.2000, E01S 19/22, V28V 13/02, E02D 3/02).

The disadvantage of this device is that the walls of the hopper are adjacent to the discharge plate with a gap and cover it along the contour to keep the plate from joint rotation with the drive shaft. Such a device causes wear on the hopper and noise from the contact of the discharge plate with the walls of the hopper bounding it.

The basis of the invention is the creation of a device for molding products from granular dispersed materials, which eliminates wear and noise from the contact of the walls of the hopper with a discharge plate.

The problem is solved in that the known device for molding products from bulk dispersed materials, containing a frame, at least one injection plate with a working surface in the form of a cone, a drive that allows the plate to perform circular swing around the top of the cone, a stabilizing element that prevents crowding out the powder material to be processed into the molded part of the product, and the hopper for feeding the material into the mold under the working surface of the plate is equipped with a leash swinging from the drive, w pivotally attached to the discharge plate, wherein the swing amplitude of the lead corresponds to the swing amplitude of the discharge plate at the point of attachment of the lead.

In particular, the swing of the lead from the drive is carried out by a pivot-lever mechanism, the driven link of which is pivotally connected to the lead.

The invention allows to process a wide range of materials, including soils, soil mixtures, concrete mixtures, ceramic masses, and can be used in the manufacture of various building products (slabs, blocks, racks, lintels, etc.), in the construction of the roadway, in the manufacture of refractory products , in the production of coal fuel briquettes, etc.

Figure 1 shows a device for molding products from bulk dispersed materials with one pumping cone, side view. Figure 2 shows a device for forming products from bulk dispersed materials with one injection cone, front view. Figure 3 shows a device equipped with two pumping cones, front view.

In the drawings, the following notation:

1 - frame

2 - form

3 - drive

4 - pressure cooker,

5 - working surface in the form of a straight circular cone,

6 - stabilizing element,

7 - hopper

8 - leash

9 - hinge for attaching the leash to the discharge plate,

10 - hinge for attaching a leash to the lever,

11 - lever

12 - eccentric,

13 - connecting rod

14 - crank

15 - bearing

16 is a synchronizing mechanism.

A device for molding products from bulk dispersed materials (FIGS. 1 and 2), contains a frame 1, which can be mounted either on wheels to enable longitudinal movement of the device along the molded product, or stationary, and longitudinal movement along the molded product is carried out by moving form 2, drive 3, injection plate 4, the working surface of which is made, for example, in the form of a straight circular cone 5, a stabilizing element 6, which prevents the displacement of the processed powder material in the molded part of the product, made, for example, in the form of a flat plate, and the hopper 7, which serves to feed the material into the mold under the working surface of the plate, to which the walls of the hopper are adjacent with a gap, as well as the leash 8, which is swung from the drive 3, which prevents rotation the pressure plate 4. The lead 8 is fixed at one end by a hinge 9 to the pressure plate 4, and the second end by a hinge 10 on the lever 11 of the articulated link mechanism, by which the lead 8 is driven by the drive 3. In particular, the hinge the lever arm mechanism may be spatial, in which the driving link is an eccentric 12 mounted on the drive shaft 3. The eccentric 12 is connected via a connecting rod 13 to a lever 11, which is a driven link of the mechanism. The lever 11 is pivotally mounted on the frame 1. The value of the eccentricity of the eccentric 12 is selected from the condition of correspondence of the swing amplitude of the lead to the swing amplitude of the discharge plate at the point of attachment of the lead to it.

The circular swing mechanism of the pressure plate 4 around the top of the cone 5 can be made, for example, in the form of a crank 14 with an inclined spike connected to the drive 3, on which the pressure plate 4 is mounted by means of bearings 15. The pressure plate 4 is installed so that its top conical surface 5 coincided with the point of intersection of the axis of rotation of the crank 14 with the axis of its tenon.

In the particular case, the cone 5 is made so that during the circular swing of the injection plate 4, the generatrices of the cone 5 in one of the extreme positions coincide with the plane of the upper surface of the molded product.

The stabilizing element 6 is connected to the hopper 7, which is mounted on the frame 1 with the possibility of oscillatory motion. In this case, the surface of the stabilizing element in contact with the processed material coincides with the design surface of the molded product. The presence of gaps between the walls of the hopper 7 and the discharge plate 4 provides unhindered circular swing of the discharge plate 4.

An embodiment of the device (figure 3) differs from the above in that it is equipped with several, in particular two, discharge plates 4 mounted in a row. The swinging of the pressure plates 4 can be synchronized by known mechanisms, for example gears. In this case, the synchronizing mechanism 16 can provide a circular swing of all the pressure plates 4 either in one direction or in opposite directions, with the required combination of swing phases. Each pressure plate 4 is equipped with a leash 8, preventing their rotation. The mechanisms by which the leashes are swinging are similar to the articulated lever mechanism described above.

The device operates as follows.

The device is installed at the beginning of the molded product, which can be manufactured in mold 2, or in another shaping device. If the product is molded in separate forms, then the device or form 2 is installed relative to each other so that the front transverse side of the form is under the plate of the stabilizing element 6 from the abutment side of the injection plate 4.

The drive 3 is turned on, which drives the crank 14. In this case, the pressure plate 4 mounted on the crank of the crank 14 starts to swing in a circular fashion, in which the axis of the crank of the crank 14 describes a conical surface whose apex coincides with the apex of the cone 5.

Simultaneously with the crank 14, the eccentric 12 rotates. By means of the connecting rod 13, the rotation of the eccentric is converted into the swinging movement of the lever 11. The lever 11 in turn moves the leash 8, with a swing amplitude corresponding to the swing amplitude of the attachment point of the leash to the pressure plate 4.

The condition for the amplitudes to match is the swing of the discharge plate without rotation on the crank spike or with torsional vibrations that would not cause the discharge plate to come into contact with the walls of the hopper.

Following the inclusion of the drive 3, the material is fed into the hopper 7, which falls under the working surface 5 of the pressure plate 4, when it is lifted. Performing a circular swing, the injection plate with its working surface 5, which alternately rises and falls, pumps (presses) into the mold 2 the moldable material falling under it.

Upon reaching the moment of backward bulging in front of the injection plate 4 and above the level of the upper surface of the molded product, the device is moved to continue supplying material relative to form 2 or form 2 relative to the device in the direction of the unfilled part of the form until the entire form 2 is filled and the plate 4 leaves the limits of form 2. In this case, the movement of the device or mold 2 is carried out only while maintaining the reverse extrusion of the moldable material in front of the injection plate 4. After the plate 4 leaves the mold, the molding process product ends.

The operation of the device with several pressure plates is carried out similarly to the process described above. In this case, the movement is carried out subject to the presence of reverse extrusion of the formed material in front of all the pressure plates.

Claims (2)

1. Device for molding products from bulk dispersed materials, containing a frame, at least one injection plate with a working surface in the form of a cone, a drive that provides the plate with the possibility of making a circular swing around the top of the cone, a stabilizing element that prevents the displacement of the processed powder material in the molded part of the product, and a hopper for feeding material into the mold under the working surface of the plate, characterized in that the device is equipped with a leash swinging from the drive, pivotally attached heated to the discharge plate, and the swing amplitude of the lead corresponds to the swing amplitude of the discharge plate at the point of attachment of the lead to it. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the swing of the leash from the drive is carried out by means of a linkage mechanism, the driven link of which is pivotally connected to the leash.

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