RU2365010C1 - Hv and shv overhead line support - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to electrical engineering and can be used in HV and SHV overhead line supports. Proposed overhead line support has lower and upper cantilevers to support electric wires, suspension insulator strings, wire tensioning devices, those to protect wires against icing and to suppress HF and LF electric wire oscillations. It incorporates also the icing start-and-end signaling device. Support elements meet at the support top and represent two parabolas Y₁=K₁X²-L, Y₂=-K₁X²+L, where L=a/2 is the distance the support stays at from-the projection of the support top onto coordinate X, coefficient K₁ is selected from the range 3≥K₁≥1.

EFFECT: smaller swath and height, higher lateral and longitudinal stability.

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Description

The invention relates to the construction of supporting structures for high-voltage and ultra-high voltage VLEP.

The aim of the invention is to reduce the width of the corridor / clearing / for high-voltage and extra-high voltage high voltage lines, reducing coronary losses, anti-icing, suppressing line vibrations.

The purpose of the invention is achieved in that the support elements

performed in the form of two parabolas; using ring / ellipsoidal / flat springs to tighten sagging wires with an anti-icing device; the use of pendulum devices to suppress line vibrations and anti-icing.

Known support for high-voltage lines and ultra-high voltage / 1 /, containing a rack and mounted on it upper and lower console for mounting wires. The upper located rack is connected to the inclined rack. The disadvantage is the low resistance to longitudinal loads. A known power line with a pendulum protection against icing / 2 /, which provides the movement of the container along the wire for mechanical failure and the removal of ice due to aerodynamic forces and due to the displacement of the center of the pendulum.

The disadvantage is that the wind rose in winter is not taken into account, which does not change with ice from the north and north-east winds, and therefore this pendulum protection device will be icy on one end of the wire.

Known limiter of icing and vibrations of the wires of overhead power lines / 3 /, made in the form of an elastic damper element / steel cable / cargo, fixed at the ends of this element and clamp, which the device is attached to the wire and in the middle of the cable. The layout and the optimal choice of the size of the rods makes it possible to suppress both low-frequency and high-frequency vibrations of the line wires, as well as limiting the formation of ice on the wires.

The disadvantage is the complexity of the device, the need for an optimal selection of elements, low reliability in suppressing vibrations of wires and low efficiency of dealing with ice.

A known icing load sensor / 4 /, made in the form of conductive moving balls operating in a special movable housing. The working code is issued by a puller made of conductive areas isolated from each other.

The disadvantage is the relative complexity of the design, performing only one function. Field observations show / 5 / that the high-voltage and extra-high voltage high voltage lines of a split three-wire line have sagging wires of more than 15 m at a height of the garlands of 30 m. The disadvantage is a large loss of electricity during coronary discharge, especially during precipitation and fog.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the invention is the reduction of the corridor / clearing /, increasing stability in the longitudinal and transverse directions. For this, the support elements are made in the form of two parabolas: Y ₁ = K ₁ X ² -L; Y ₂ = -K ₁ X ² + L, where L = a / 2 is the distance from the base to the projection of the support vertex onto the X coordinate / 1 /. The coefficient K ₁ is selected from the value: 3≥K ₁ > 1.

, для того чтобы все элементы опор встречались на высоте в одной точке /не показано/.Preferably, the calculation of the support elements should be carried out using the diagonal line

so that all the elements of the supports meet at a height at one point / not shown /.

Figure 1 shows the support for high-voltage and extra-high voltage high voltage lines, where 1 are the support elements, 2 are the lower and upper consoles with power wires U _B , two on the lower and one on the upper console. On the other side of the upper console and the upper arm of the support, wires of the lightning protection line are installed

U _lake At the same time, conditions have been created when the consoles and power wires are in a space with a width equal to the double phase insulating distance measured between the wires and the VLEP axis.

Racks of support elements can have different sections: round, elliptical, square, rectangular, etc. and are made in the shape of a parabola in any known way: steel lattice, multifaceted, from bent profiles, etc.

The technical result is the reduction of the corridor / clearing / up to 10 m

The purpose of the invention is to reduce coronary losses by decreasing sagging wires of 15 m at a distance between supports of 500 m, which is possible using flat springs / project /, connected ellipsoidly / Fig.2/ with their further load on the power line / Fig.3, Fig.4 / .

.The calculation of the arc of sagging by the formula / 7 /

.

Thus, linearly pulling up the electric wires by 1.1 m using flat ellipsoid springs /FIG.3/, withstanding a load of up to 3 tons. With garlands up to 6 ÷ 7 tons, sagging of 15 m to 1 ÷ 3 m can be removed.

Figure 3 and figure 4 depicts a system of flat springs 1, loaded on the power line 11 / figure 3 - full load, figure 4 - overload line ice /, suspended from a string of insulators 3 and to the support 2. Project struggle with ice: attached to the springs 1 / side / pin 4 with a serrated notch, a lever 5 adjoins it, pressed by the spring 12. At the other end of the lever is a load 6, which strikes the power line device 7, removing icing when the ice is flat when the flat springs are extended into an ellipse (figure 4). An icing load sensor / analogue 4 / is mounted on pin 4, which is a plate 10 with conductors deposited on it, which provide, through the puller 9, signals of the beginning and end of icing to the wire 8 to the subscriber.

Flat spring springs up to 1.5 m in size, 8-12 cm wide, 8-12 mm thick are made of alloy spring-spring steel / 8 / GOST 14959-79 with an alloying element (nickel, preferably up to 5%) for operation at temperature to -40 ° C.

The hinged elements, pin 4, etc. are made of thermoplastic plates, in particular polystyrene.

EFFECT: reduction of sagging of electric wires to 1-3 m, reduction of coronary losses of electricity up to 15%, fight against ice formation.

The purpose of the invention is the suppression of high-frequency and low-frequency vibrations and protection against icing / analogue 2, 3 / is achieved by the use of pendulum protection.

Figure 5 shows the device of the pendulum protection with wings 14, worn on the wire 11 through the hole on a metal twist 15, providing rotation of the device on the wire to 90 ° and restricting the movement along the axis. The pendulum device is fixed on the wire with studs 16. Approximate dimensions: length 10 cm, wings 10 × 15 cm, wire crimp diameter - two wire diameters, mass from 2 to 4 masses of the crimped wire, material - polystyrene, etc. It is installed in the middle of the power line ( 100 ÷ 150 m on either side of the middle).

The operation of the pendulum device while suppressing vibrations.

When the wire reaches its extreme position, it begins to return to another extreme position. However, the pendulum, carried away by the accelerated movement of the wire, reaches the wire, strikes it with its mass and dampens its movement in the opposite direction.

When icing, twisting first freezes and prevents the pendulum from turning. With a wind of 4 m / s, the aerodynamic force of the wings is triggered and it begins to turn the wire around its axis, removing ice.

The technical result of the use of a pendulum device: suppression of high-frequency and low-frequency oscillations up to 30% compared to / 4 /, ice is eliminated on wires up to 250 m.

HIGH AND ULTRA HIGH VOLTAGE VLEP OPERATION

The VLEP support, the elements of which are made in the shape of a parabola, can withstand wind loads in the longitudinal and transverse directions of more than 10% than / 1 /. The ring-shaped loaded flat springs mounted on the insulator strings tighten the electric wire to 1–3 m of sag, acting as a damper. The hitch on them performs the role of anti-icing up to 150 ÷ 200 m from the support and provides a signal to the beginning and end of icing to the subscriber.

EFFECT: reduced corridor / clearing / to 10 m, reduced support height to 45 m.

The first console is installed at a height of 25 m, the second upper console for attaching an electric wire - at a height of 40 m. A reduction in coronary energy losses of up to 15% is achieved compared to / 5 /.

The installation of a pendulum device in the middle of the line (100-150 m on both sides of the middle) provides a technical result - suppression of high-frequency and low-frequency oscillations up to 30% compared to / 4 /, eliminating ice on wires up to 250 m in the middle. The comparative tests c / 4 / on the manufactured mock-ups showed an increase in the suppression of high-frequency and low-frequency oscillations by more than 20%.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. PATENT of the Russian Federation No. 2302502, 07/31/2007.

2. PATENT of the Russian Federation No. 2092952, 01/12/1998.

3. PATENT of the Russian Federation No. 2249893, 07.30.2003.

4. PATENT No. 2109386, 09/05/1988.

5. G. IVANTEEVKA, MOSCOW REGION. HVL and HIGH VOLTAGE VLEP.

6. PATENT of the Russian Federation No. 2236953, 08.25.2004.

7. MATHEMATICAL HANDBOOK, IP BRONSTEIN AND OTHERS, GOS. EDIT. TECHNICAL AND THEORETICAL LITERATURE, MOSCOW, 1957, p. 169.

8. MATERIAL RESEARCH. EDIT. MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, MOSCOW, 1986 / p. 203/.

Claims (4)

1. Overhead power transmission line of high and ultra-high voltage, containing a support, the elements of which have lower and upper consoles for attaching the electric wire, a string of electrical insulators, devices for pulling up wires, devices for protection against icing and suppression of high-frequency and low-frequency oscillations of electric wires, a signaling device for the beginning and end of icing, characterized in that the support elements meet in height at the point of its peak and are made in the form of two parabolas: U ₁ = K ₁ X ² -L, U ₂ = -K ₁ X ² + L, where L = a / 2 is the distance support to the projection of the pivot point on the X coordinate, the coefficient K ₁ is selected from the value: 3≥K ₁ ≥1. 2. The overhead power line according to claim 1, characterized in that the wire pulling devices are made in the form of flat ellipsoid springs attached to garlands of electrical insulators or consoles for attaching the electric wire, and the icing start and end signaling device is made in the form of an icing load sensor mounted on a pin attached to said springs. 3. The overhead power line according to claim 2, characterized in that the device for combating icing and suppressing high-frequency and low-frequency oscillations of the electrical wires is made in the form of a lever spring-loaded to the specified pin, with a notched notch made on it, the load is fixed at the other end of the lever. 4. The overhead power line according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the device for combating icing and suppression of high-frequency and low-frequency oscillations of the electrical wires is made in the form of pendulum devices with wings mounted on the wires of the power line on either side of its middle with the possibility of rotation 90 °.

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