RU2352363C2 - Method of psychological correction of overweight - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention concerns area of medicine, psychophysiology and psychotherapy, namely, methods of correction of mass of a body of the person by means of psychological influence. Groups of patients are formed on the basis of testing for revealing of the reasons of a set of superfluous mass of a body. Correction is performed to 7 sessions (two individual, five group sessions) in the evening. Two sessions of respiratory exercises with elements of transpersonal therapy are performed, reflexotherapy is spent in the form of an acupressure, in addition an osteopathy course is made. The osteopathy course is spent with regularity once a week by first two sessions and 1 time in two next weeks, and sessions are spent simultaneously by the male and female experts.

EFFECT: method allows to enlarge efficiency of treatment at the expense of depression of risks of becoming infected and augmentation of terms of remission.

2 ex

Description

The invention relates to the field of medicine, psychophysiology and psychotherapy, and in particular to methods of correcting a person’s body weight with the help of psychological and psychotherapeutic effects.

Known methods for correcting excess weight, including psychotherapy, based on an energy approach to the problem of overweight (diet therapy) (See patent RU No.2019996, class A61M 21/00 "Method for correcting a person’s weight", priority dated 12/14/93, Smelov SS, see patent RU No. 2094064 for class A61M 21/00 "Method for the treatment of obesity", Mirkin V.I., see patent RU No. 2033199 for class A61M 21/00 "Method for weight correction", Belyaev I.N., Belyaeva N.V.).

There are also known methods in which to increase the therapeutic effect and achieve relaxation, they often use an additional effect on the patient’s sensory organs: light, color, audio stimuli and other ways of changing the emotional state (see patent RU No. 2122441 according to class A61M 21/00 " A method for the treatment of obesity ", Katkov B.A., patent RU No. 2122442 according to class A61M 21/00" Method for the directed correction of the psychoemotional state of a person ", Ryabikov V.V. et al.).

The disadvantages of the known methods include the low effectiveness of treatment with a high percentage of relapses.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result is the Method for the correction of psychosomatic disorders (patent No. 2198000), based on the combined conduct of group and individual psychotherapeutic sessions using reflexology. The disadvantages of this method is the small number of sessions to obtain a stable remission, conducting sessions at night, which is an additional stress for patients, as well as the use of acupuncture, which increases the risk of infection with various diseases.

The objective of the invention is to expand the arsenal of methods for correcting excess weight by creating a method of psychocorrection of excess weight, which improves the efficiency of correction of excess weight.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the proposed method is to increase the efficiency of the method by increasing the duration of remission and reducing the risk of infection.

The task is achieved in that in this method of psycho-correction of excess weight, the formation of groups of patients is carried out on the basis of special testing, the correction is carried out in 7 sessions (two individual, five group) in the evening, two sessions of breathing exercises with elements of transpersonal therapy are carried out, reflexology is carried out in in the form of acupressure, additionally conduct a course of osteopathy, and the course of osteopathy is carried out with a regularity of 1 time per week the first two sessions and 1 time in the next two weeks, and man and woman - eansy experts carried out simultaneously.

Thus, for the first time, a seven-day course of correction of overweight was applied, groups were formed taking into account the results of a special test, acupressure was replaced with acupressure (which allows reflexology to be performed painlessly, without compromising the integrity of the skin, avoiding possible infection), the number of breathing exercises with elements was increased transpersonal therapy, as well as osteopathy combined.

It was the application of all the above techniques together that allowed to increase the effectiveness of the method and achieve stable remission among thousands of patients.

The method is as follows.

The first session (individual - initial consultation).

At the first, testing is carried out to identify the causes of overweight. The validity of the test to determine the reasons for gaining excess body weight was identified (tested, determined) when examining more than 1000 patients. Based on the test results, it is determined how effective the method will be for the given client, since only those patients who are guaranteed to help this method will take psychocorrection. The patient is offered detailed information about the technique. Then a psychotherapeutic contract is concluded, which stipulates the obligations of the parties and the categories of responsibility for psychological correction, in addition, the possibility of psychological support of the patient to achieve the desired result.

The formation of groups is carried out depending on the test results, with the help of which the leading causes of overweight gain are determined (mainly psychological, mainly social, mainly physiological, mainly eating habits).

The formation of groups in this way allows you to apply specialized techniques aimed at eliminating the causes of gaining excess body weight, which in turn increases the efficiency of not only reducing body weight, but also maintaining the results achieved in the future.

Second Session - Group

At the second (group) session, with the help of rational psychotherapy, they form an attitude to the problem of internal conflicts associated with overweight and form the preferred diet for natural weight loss with training in calculating the energy value of foods and recommending daily calories in the range of 1200-1400 kcal, then using neurolinguistic programming techniques, they create installations to reduce feelings of hunger and appetite, which allows you to be saturated with a small amount of food, along with these m conduct reflexology in the form of acupressure to enhance the tone of the muscles of the stomach.

Third session - group

At the third (group) session, patients' well-being and mood are discussed, and the method of rational psychotherapy forms a clear distinction between the concepts of hunger and appetite, thus forming the nutritional skills of a slender person, conducting non-directive hypnotic suggestive aversive therapy with the creation of an indifferent attitude to products that cause excessive appetite, conduct an acupressure session and use breathing techniques with elements of transpersonal psychotherapy with the induction of an altered state of consciousness, followed by Wie what happens acting out of negative emotions, previously lead to overeating.

Fourth Session - Group

At the fourth (group) session, with the help of behavioral therapy, the motivational aspects of reducing the body weight and lifestyle of a slender person are formed, then breathing techniques with elements of transpersonal therapy (holotropic breathing) are performed (goals: activation and normalization of metabolic processes, release from emotions suppressed by the client when or during the course of life, activation of internal positive resources, activation of creative potential, awareness of the reasons for gaining excess body weight) and complete the session with rel ksatsionno-trance resource to consolidate the experience obtained in the session.

Fifth Session - Group

At the fifth (group) session, methods of behavioral psychotherapy are used, aimed at creating a stereotype of nutrition and behavior of a slender person, in addition to this, the method of gestalt therapy forms the maximum satisfaction from less food and conducts catharsic psychotherapy, which allows you to understand, live and eliminate the causes that led to overweight, as a result of which, after losing weight, body weight remains stable.

Sixth session - individual

At the sixth session, which is conducted 14 days after the end of the intensive course of psychocorrection of overweight, the psychologist takes 45 minutes in succession and the osteopath 45 minutes, the psychologist uses a method of rational and behavioral psychotherapy to form a further positive attitude to reduce body weight and conduct a trance state technique that allows you to activate internal resources. An osteopathic doctor examines and prescribes the course of osteopathic treatment necessary for the patient. In particular, it is possible to conduct osteopathy sessions according to the following scheme: once a week the first two sessions and once every two subsequent weeks.

Seventh session - group

The seventh (group) session is carried out 30 days after the end of the intensive course for 4 hours, during which the methods of personality-oriented psychotherapy are used, allowing to assess the change in lifestyle due to weight loss and transfer the positive experience to the ability to maintain the results achieved during life, after that, using the Erickson therapy technique, they form a positive attitude towards achieving a result and shaping the lifestyle and behavior of a slender person.

Session Schedule

The time interval between the 1st individual interview and the beginning of group sessions of psychocorrection should not be more than 3 days, since the motivational aspects of reducing the body weight of this client are formed already in the first session.

If the client cannot attend the planned group sessions for one reason or another, the individual session is repeated.

Group Sessions:

Tue 18.00-22.30.

Cp. 18.00-22.30.

Th 18.00-22.30.

Sat 16.00-20.30.

After 14 days - individual consultation with a psychologist and consultation with an osteopath

After a month, a group session, duration 4 hours 30 minutes.

The use of acupressure rather than acupressure in acupressure in the indicated method as reflexology allows minimizing the risk of needle infection, which is most relevant at present. Acupressure is the effect on acupuncture points and projection zones of the body with the help of hands or special devices (metal spheres with a diameter of 2 mm). It is aimed at accelerating metabolic processes and enhancing the tone of the muscles of the stomach.

A second individual session by a psychologist conducting an intensive course of psychological correction of excess body weight is necessary for discussing with the patient the first experience of independent weight loss, resolving the patient's questions, activating internal resources and creating an active motivational attitude for further weight loss. Often, at the beginning of a decrease in body weight, those problems that previously “stuck” pop up. In this case, the psychologist appoints a course of individual psychotherapy.

The need for additional sessions of osteopathy with a decrease in body weight is due to a change in the so-called postural balance of the body, as during weight loss processes:

- the deep muscles of the spine weaken, because the balance of the spinal column was caused not only by muscles, but also by adipose tissue. Adipose tissue is gone, and muscle has not yet strengthened. Using structural osteopathic techniques, the deep muscles of the spinal column are toned and its balance normalized;

- In people who are overweight, as a rule, ligaments of internal organs are stretched (kidneys, liver, pancreas, internal genital organs). During weight loss, with the help of articulatory and fascial osteopathic techniques, the ligaments are brought into a state of equilibrium and normalization;

- to balance the internal pressure of the body cavities, diaphragm harmonization techniques are used;

- The same technique is necessary for the active elimination of the breakdown of adipose tissue.

Case study showing the effectiveness of osteopathy sessions.

Patient B., 42 years old. The planned change in body weight from 102 kg to 64 kg. For 7 months she lost 28 kg. Subsequently, for 1 month, body weight did not change, although all recommendations were followed. After 4 sessions of osteopathy with a regularity of once a week, the first two sessions and once every two weeks, subsequent body weight began to decrease. Weight loss was observed after the first session of osteopathy.

The method is illustrated by the following example of a specific implementation.

Patient E., 42, an accountant, sought psychotherapeutic help to reduce overweight.

Anamnesis:

Born and raised as the youngest daughter in a prosperous family. The father is a powerful and authoritarian person, the head of a large enterprise. Mother is soft, calm, a mathematics teacher at school, agreed with her father in everything. Brother is 12 years older. He was in conflict because of upholding the positions of his individuality and independence in the family.

Parents are not overweight.

She grew up as a healthy, painless girl. Parents and brother was loved. At the same time, there was a clear hyper-custody on the part of all family members. In all her actions and deeds, she completely obeyed her father. And by the end of school, "did not have independent thinking" (according to the patient), remaining infantile. In particular, the father determined the profession of the daughter.

She married at the age of 25. A husband of the same age as a patient is calm and soft in character. The young family lived in the same apartment as the patient's parents. At the age of 27, she gave birth to a daughter.

2 years before applying for psychotherapeutic help, the father died in the patient.

The emotional reaction was deep and remained so until the start of treatment.

The patient experienced such emotional experiences as loneliness, anxiety and fear of the future (according to the patient, her father actually determined her life steps), guilt and hopelessness.

Against this background, appetite began to increase, and the patient gained 14 kg in body weight.

Somatic status:

The physique is asthenic. Height 162 cm, body weight 74 kg. The skin is clean. Humidity of the skin is normal, skin turgor and elasticity correspond to the age norm. Visible mucous membranes are pale pink, clean.

The subcutaneous fat layer is overdeveloped, evenly distributed. The predominance of body fat type "pear": abdomen, lower back, upper thighs.

During auscultation: vesicular breathing over the lungs, without wheezing, heart sounds are slightly muffled, rhythmic. HELL 125/85 mm Hg, heart rate 72 beats per minute.

Palpation: the abdomen is soft, painless.

Neurological status:

The gait is even, in the Romberg position is stable. The palatine test performs correctly. The face is symmetrical. The palpebral fissures are equal. Pupils D = S. The reaction to the light is lively. Tongue in the midline. Tendon reflexes live D = S. There are no disorders of sensitivity.

Mental status

In place, time and self oriented correctly. Contact is easily accessible. Outwardly neat. The behavior is adequate to the situation. A little fettered, explains this by worrying about overweight.

Attention is steady.

No memory impairment was detected.

Intelligence corresponds to age, education and lifestyle.

Thinking at a regular pace, consistent.

Emotionally adequate. When talking about the father, the mood decreases, tears appear in the eyes.

Expresses hope for the return of "joy of life" with getting rid of excess body weight.

Psychological research:

Personality type accentuated by psychasthenic traits of character, infantile. A pessimistic attitude with an alarming component is determined.

Therapist's opinion:

Chronic pyelonephritis in the stage of persistent remission.

Endocrinologist's conclusion:

No diseases of the endocrine system have been identified. Overweight is due to nutritional origin.

A set of overweight is associated with feelings about the loss of his father. Since then, appetite has increased. Become less emotional. According to the patient, "the joy of life has gone." At the same time, he believes that overweight is due to age-related changes in metabolic processes. She does not notice that she uses food for non-food purposes: she “seizes” anxiety, depression, loneliness.

During psychological testing, to determine the reasons for gaining excess body weight, the following were revealed as they decrease: psychological, physiological, eating habits, slightly social.

Psychocorrectional work was carried out with the patient in the conditions and structure of group sessions. Priorities were set for understanding the reasons for gaining excess body weight. Along with changing the stereotype of the food approach, the formation of the eating behavior of a slender person, a model of independent life behavior was developed with the adoption of responsibility for their actions and deeds. At the same time, a self-confidence training was held. During the first week, the patient's mood improved, optimism and confidence in achieving the desired result appeared. For 2 months and 12 days, the patient lost 11 kg. Then she visited 2 sessions of an osteopath. And after 2 weeks I achieved the desired result.

Observation for 3 years showed a stable result. Change of attitude to oneself and others: confident, active, active.

Thus, a new method of psychological correction of excess body weight has been proposed, which allows to increase the effectiveness of treatment by reducing the risks of infection and increasing the duration of remission.

Claims (3)

1. A method of psychological correction of excess body weight, including group and individual psychotherapeutic effects and reflexology, characterized in that the correction is carried out in 7 sessions: at the first session - individual - identify the causes of excess body weight and on the basis of this form groups of patients; at the second session - group - they conduct rational psychotherapy and form an attitude to the problem of internal conflicts associated with overweight, form the preferred nutritional skills for natural weight loss, use neuro-linguistic programming techniques to create installations to reduce feelings of hunger and appetite, and reflexology in the form of acupressure to enhance the tone of the muscles of the stomach; at the third session - group - they conduct rational psychotherapy and form a distinction between the concepts of hunger and appetite, thus forming the nutritional skills of a slender person, conduct non-directive hypnosuggestive aversive therapy with the creation of an indifferent attitude to products that cause excessive appetite, conduct an acupressure session and use breathing techniques with elements of transpersonal psychotherapy with the induction of an altered state of consciousness; at the fourth session - group - using behavioral therapy form the motivational aspects of reducing body weight and lifestyle of a slender person, then conduct breathing techniques with elements of transpersonal psychotherapy, end the session with a relaxation-resource trance to consolidate the experience gained in the session; at the fifth session - group - they apply methods of behavioral psychotherapy to create a stereotype of nutrition and behavior of a slender person, conduct gestalt therapy and form the maximum satisfaction from less food, as well as cathartic psychotherapy; the sixth session - an individual is conducted 14 days after the end of an intensive course of psychocorrection, the psychologist uses the method of rational and behavioral psychotherapy to form a further positive attitude to reduce body weight, conduct a trance state technique and then undergo osteopathic treatment; the seventh session - group - is carried out 30 days after the end of the intensive course, the methods of personality-oriented psychotherapy are used, after which, using the Erickson therapy methods, they form a positive attitude towards achieving the result, shaping the lifestyle and behavior of a slender person. 2. The method of psychological correction of excess body weight according to claim 1, characterized in that the course of osteopathy is carried out with a regularity of 1 time per week for the first two sessions and 1 time in the next two weeks. 3. The method of psychological correction of excess weight according to claim 1, characterized in that the sessions are carried out simultaneously by specialists man and woman.