RU2351496C1 - Rolling stock braking automatic controller - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to railway transport, particularly, to train braking automatic controller. The latter incorporates a damper part, damper piston, con rod, pressure relay and valve arranged between the pressure relay chambers communicating with braking cylinder and air control valve. The pressure relay casing accommodates a lever and spring-loaded power and shut-off pistons. The ends of the aforesaid pistons are pivoted to the lever. The automatic braking controller comprises a con rod and a variable gear ration reduction gear. The said con rod is furnished with a rack engaged, via the reduction gear wheels, with the said con rod. Note that the proposed device is fitted horizontally, while the reduction gear is attached to the damper part casing.

EFFECT: higher reliability, maximum unification for various load-carrying capacity trains.

1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to railway transport and relates to devices for automatically controlling vehicle braking modes.

Known automatic regulator of the vehicle braking modes [1], containing a damper part, in which a spring-loaded damper piston is installed, on which rod a cracker is mounted, a pressure switch, in the housing of which there is a lever mounted with a clearance relative to the cracker of the damper part, spring-loaded power and uncoupling pistons , shanks pivotally connected to the said lever, and a valve mounted between the cavities of the pressure switch associated with the brake cylinder and the air distributor.

The disadvantages of being presented as an analogue of the automatic controller of the vehicle braking modes are the need to change the dimensions of the parts of all nodes of the automatic controller of the braking modes for vehicles of different load capacities, as well as the vertical arrangement of the automatic controller of the braking modes relative to the frame of the vehicle, which in turn leads to uneven spring-loaded wear pistons in the pressure switch.

As a prototype, an automatic regulator of braking modes of a railway rolling stock vehicle [2] was selected, which contains a pressure switch, in the housing of which there is a lever, a power and uncoupling piston, shanks pivotally connected to the said lever of a pressure switch pneumatically connected to the brake cylinder and the air distributor, the damper part, in the case of which a spring-loaded damper piston is installed, on the rod of which a slider with a cracker is mounted, which interacts with the lever p le pressure. The lever is made with the possibility of a stepwise change in length and is mounted on a ball bearing mounted rotatably in the housing of the damper part.

The disadvantages of the prototype presented are the vertical fastening of the automatic controller of the vehicle braking modes relative to the frame, as well as non-linear movement and adjustment of the interchangeable lever.

The problem to which this invention is directed is to increase the reliability of the device and the possibility of its maximum unification for vehicles of different carrying capacities.

The problem is solved due to the fact that the automatic regulator of braking modes is installed horizontally relative to the frame of the vehicle, due to which the pressure switch is installed vertically, as well as the maximum unification, since the pressure switch and damper part of vehicles of different load capacities are identical, according to the new technical solution replace gearbox only.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing.

The automatic vehicle braking mode controller consists of a gearbox 1, a damper part 2 and a pressure switch 3 interconnected by a flange connection.

A gear wheel 4 is mounted inside the gearbox, which is fixedly connected to the rod 5, and a gear wheel 6 transmitting movement to the rail 7.

In the housing of the damper part, a damper piston 8 is installed, having a throttle bore 9 and supported by a spring 10. A cracker 13 is fixed on the rod 11 of the damping piston 12, as well as a cup 14 connected to the rail 7.

A spring 15 is installed between the rail 7 and the cup 14, which transfers the force to the cup through the fungus 16. A power piston 17 is installed in the pressure switch housing, resting on the spring 18 placed on the damper side. The shank 19 of the power piston is equipped with a stop 20 and is pivotally connected to the lever 21. The lever 21 is installed with a gap A relative to the cracker 13 of the damper part. The uncoupling piston 22 is also pivotally connected by its shank to the lever 21 and rests on the spring 23. Between the cavities of the pressure switch connected to the brake cylinder and the air distributor, a valve 24 is installed, resting on one side of the spring 25 and in contact with the uncoupling piston on the other side.

Depending on the loading of the vehicle, the rod 5 is angularly displaced, which drives the gears 4 and 6 and, accordingly, the rack 7 and the cracker 13, whereby the corresponding ratio of the lever arms 21 is established.

When braking, compressed air from an air distributor (not shown) enters the cavity of the pressure switch 3, which is left in the drawing. The power piston 17 compresses the spring 18 and moves the lever 21 until it contacts the cracker 13. In accordance with the ratio of the shoulders, the force is transferred to the uncoupling piston in proportion to the vehicle load. 22, which opens valve 24, thereby allowing compressed air flowing from the air distributor to fill a brake cylinder (not shown).

The brake cylinder is filled until the lever – power piston – uncoupling piston system is balanced. This closes the valve 24 and in the brake cylinder sets the pressure corresponding to the loading of the vehicle.

When the brake is released, the cavity of the pressure switch 3 (left according to the drawing) is connected to the atmosphere through the air distributor. Under the action of the pressure difference between the right and left cavities of the pressure switch and under the action of the spring 23, the uncoupling piston 22 opens the valve 24, releasing compressed air from the brake cylinder.

The proposed automatic controller of the vehicle braking modes, located horizontally relative to the frame of the vehicle, provides a reduction in the friction forces and, accordingly, wear of the spring-loaded pistons of the pressure switch.

It should also be borne in mind that when changing the operating conditions of the automatic controller of the vehicle’s braking modes, due to the installation of vehicles with different load capacities, a gearbox with a certain gear ratio is selected. The variable gear ratio of the gearbox is different for each vehicle with a different payload. Therefore, when installing an automatic regulator of braking modes on a particular vehicle, it is first necessary to fix a reducer configured for this vehicle to the damper body. Various gear ratios of the gearing of the gearbox are carried out by selecting gears without changing the connecting and overall dimensions of the gearbox itself.

Information sources

1. Copyright certificate. Registration number of the application No. 3252689 / 27-11, 1981.02.26, publication number No. 958183, IPC index - В60Т 8/18.

2. Patent. Registration number of the application No. 2006127002/22, 2006.07.24, publication number No. 59506, IPC index - B60T 8/18.

Claims (1)

An automatic regulator of braking modes of a railway vehicle, comprising a damper part, in the housing of which a spring-loaded damper piston is installed, a rod on which a cracker and a fork are fixed, a pressure switch in which housing a lever, spring-loaded power and uncoupling pistons are installed, shanks pivotally connected to the lever, and a valve installed between the cavities of the pressure switch associated with the brake cylinder and the air distributor, characterized in that it is equipped with a rod, a gearbox with a variable gear ratio, a rod is mounted on the rod, coupled by means of gear wheels of the gearbox with traction, the automatic controller of the vehicle's braking modes is located horizontally, and the gearbox is mounted on the damper body.