RU2351112C2 - Scarifier - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: present invention pertains to agriculture. The scarifier consists of a loading hopper, clamping cone, a discharge hopper rotor disc with a bag holder, a transmission mechanism with a variator, housing, base, and an electric motor. The rotor disc is made from steel, the top part of which is coated with abrasive material. Cover 10 is fixed on the same axle as the rotor disc. The cover is a steel disc, on the bottom side of which are concentrically fixed drums in form of a frustum of a cone with different heights. The height of the drums increases moving away from the centre. To move the seeds on the rotor disc, the inner drum is fitted with clearance from the abrasive surface equal to 1.5…2.0 times the size of the seeds, so as to balance flow of seeds, and the inner drum is fitted with clearance equal to the size of the seeds, so that, passing seeds get in contact with the abrasive surface and obtain fine scratches on their surface.

EFFECT: use of the invention increases the quality of treating seeds of legume grasses.

2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agriculture and will improve the germination of seeds of legumes by reducing hard seed.

Known scarifier STS-2 (1), containing a frame on which the rotor chamber is installed with two fixed shells with a rasp or sieve (entranger) surface, two disk rotors rigidly sitting on a common shaft, a filling hopper, a cyclone with a fan and a drive mechanism having a V-belt variator. The disadvantage of this scarifier is the design complexity.

A scarifier (2) is known, which contains a hopper with a shutter and a rotating working body, for example, made in the form of a glass and tubes attached to it by one end, located in the center, which, rotating, communicates to the seeds centrifugal speed with directed movement through the tubes. Grains from the hopper enter the glass and then move along the tubes of the crosspiece under the action of centrifugal force, striking at the outlet against an abrasive surface located at an acute angle to the moving stream and made in the form of a truncated cone. In contact with the conical surface, only scratches are applied to the grains in the complete absence of crushing.

The disadvantage of this scarifier is that the seeds at the exit from the tubes with high speed receive a significant shock load when they meet with the abrasive surface and are destroyed.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of seed treatment of legumes.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the scarifying rotor is made in the form of a disk coated with an abrasive, located on a vertical shaft with a cover, on the inner surface of which shells in the form of a truncated cone are concentrically fixed, the gap between which to the abrasive surface of the rotor varies from the center to the periphery and is at the input of seeds 1.5 ... 2.0 the size of the processed seeds, and at the output - one.

Figure 1 presents a side view of the scarifier, figure 2 is a side view of the rotor.

The scarifier consists of a loading hopper 5, a locking cone 6, a disk rotor 4, estrus with a bag holder 2, a transmission mechanism with a variator 8, housing 3, base 1, motor 7.

The rotor disk is made of a steel disk 13, the upper part of which is coated with abrasive material 9. The cover 10 is mounted on the same shaft as the disk rotor 4. The cover 10 is a steel disk, on the lower side of which the shells 11 and 12 are concentrically mounted a truncated cone of various heights. The height of the shells 11 and 12 increases with distance from the center. For the passage of seeds through the disk rotor 4, the inner shell 11 is set with a gap to the abrasive surface 9 equal to 1.5 ... 2.0 the size of the seed to even out the flow of seeds, and the outer shell 12 with a gap of one seed so that passing seeds came into contact with the abrasive surface 9 and received small scratches on their surface.

The scarifier works as follows: the seeds of legumes are poured into the hopper 5, a bag is hung on the estrus with a bag holder 2, the electric motor 7 is turned on, the rotor speed of the rotor 4 is set using variator 8, and the seed feed into the rotary disc rotor 4 is set by a locking cone 6. Under the action of centrifugal forces, the seeds move along the abrasive surface of the disk rotor 4. When meeting with the first inner shell 11, the seed flow is aligned with the height of the layer at approximately 1.5 ... 2.0 the size of the seed, and when passing ii second external shell 12, the seed layer is aligned to the size of the seed. Therefore, the passage of seeds on the abrasive surface 9 of the disk rotor 4 provides a soft, shockless scratching (scarification) on the seeds of legumes, thereby increasing their germination.

Information sources

1. Gladkov N.G. Grain-cleaning machines, Mashgiz, M., 1961, pp. 271-273.

2. RF patent 2146861 "Scarifier", А01С 1/00, bull. No. 9, 2000.

Claims (1)

A scarifier containing a hopper with a locking cone, a housing and a disk rotor located inside the latter, characterized in that the scarifying rotor, made in the form of a disk coated with an abrasive, is located on a vertical shaft with a cover, on the inner surface of which shells in the form of a truncated cone, the gap between which to the abrasive surface of the rotor varies from the center to the periphery and is at the input of seeds 1.5 ... 2.0 the size of the treated seeds, and at the exit - one.

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